Manava Dharmashastra 1

Manvarthamuktāvalī 1

Language: Sanskrit

1.1

śrīgaṇeśāya namaḥ| gauḍe nandanavāsinānni sujanairvandye varendyāṃ kule śrīmadbhaṭṭadivākarasya tanayaḥ kullūkabhaṭṭo'bhavat| kāśyāmuttaravāhinahnatanayātīre samaṃ paṇḍitaisteneyaṃ kriyate hitāya viduṣāṃ manvarthamuktāvalī|
sarvajñasya manorasarvavidapi vyākhyāmi yadvāṅmayaṃ yuktyā tadbahubhiryato munivarairetadbahu vyāhṛtam| tāṃ vyākhyāmadhunātanairapi kṛtāṃ nyāyyāṃ bruvāṇasya me bhaktyā mānavavāṅmaye bhavabhide bhūyādaśeṣeśvaraḥ|
4|| mānavavṛttāvasyāṃ jñeyā vyākhyā navā mayodbhinnā| prācīnā api rucirā vyākhyātṛṇāmaśeṣāṇām|
5||
atra maharṣīṇāṃ dharmaviṣayapraśne manoḥ śrūyatāmityuttaradānaparyantaślokacatuṣṭayenaitasyaśāstrasya prekṣāvatpravṛttyupayuktāni viṣayasaṃbandhaprayojanānyuktāni| tatra dharma eva viṣayaḥ| tena saha vacanasaṃdarbhasvarūpasya mānavaśāstrasya pratipādyapratipādakalakṣaṇaḥ saṃbandhaḥ| pramāṇāntarāsannikṛṣṭasya svargāpavargādisādhanasya dharmasya śāstraikagamyatvāt| prayojanaṃ tu svargāpavargādi| tasya dharmādhīnatvāt| yadyapi patyupagamanādirūpaḥ kāmo'pyatrābhihitastathāpi "ṛtukālābhigāmī syātsvadāranirataḥ sadā" (a0 3 ślo0 45) ityṛtukālādiniyamena so'pi dharma eva| evaṃ cārthārjanamapi "ṛtāmṛtābhyāṃ jīvet" (a0 4 ślo0 4) ityādiniyamena dharma evetyavagantavyam| mokṣopāyatvenābhihitasyātmajñānasyāpi dharmatvāddharmaviṣayatvaṃ mokṣopadeśakatvaṃ cāsya śāstrasyopapannam| pauruṣeyatve'pi manuvākyānāmavigītamahājanaparigrahācchrutyupagrahācca vedamūlakatayā prāmāṇyam| tathā ca chāndogyabrāhmaṇe śrūyate- "manurvai yatkiṃcidavadattadbheṣajaṃ bheṣajatāyāḥ" iti| bṛhaspatirapyāha-"vedārthopanibaddhatvātprādhānyaṃ hi manoḥ smṛtam| manvarthaviparītā tu yā smṛtiḥ sā na śasyate1|| tāvacchāstrāṇi śobhante tarkavyākaraṇāni ca| dharmārthamokṣopadeṣṭā manuryāvanna dṛśyate||" mahābhārate'pyuktam-"purāṇaṃ mānavo dharmaḥ sāṅgo vedaścikitsitam| ājñāsiddhāni catvāri na hantavyāni hetubhiḥ||" virodhibauddhāditarkairna| hantavyāni| anukūlastu mīmāṃsāditarkaḥ pravartanīya eva| ata eva vakṣyati-"ārṣaṃ dharmopadeśaṃ ca vedaśāstrāvirodhinā| yastarkeṇānusaṃdhatte sa dharmaṃ veda netaraḥ" (a0 12 ślo0 106) iti| sakalavedārthādimananānmanuṃ maharṣaya idaṃ dvitīyaślokavākyarūpamucyate'neneti vacanamabruvan| ślokasyādau manunirdeśo maṅgalārthaḥ| paramātmana eva saṃsārasthitaye sārvajñaiśvaryādisaṃpannamanurūpeṇa prādurbhūtatvāttadabhidhānasya maṅgalātiśayatvāt| vakṣyati hi-"enameke vadantyagniṃ manumanye prajāpatim" (a0 12 ślo0 123) iti| ekāgraṃ viṣayāntarākṣiptacittam| āsīnaṃ sukhopaviṣṭam| īdṛśasyaiva maharṣipraśnottaradānayogyatvāt| abhigamya abhimukhaṃ gatvā maharṣayo mahāntaśca te ṛṣayaśceti tathā| pratipūjya pūjayitvā| yadvā manunā pūrvaṃ svāgatāsanadānādinā pūjitāstasya pūjāṃ kṛtveti pratiśabdādunnīyate| yathānyāyaṃ yena nyāyena vidhānena praśnaḥ kartuṃ yujyate praṇatibhaktiśraddhātiśayādinā| vakṣyati ca-"nāpṛṣṭaḥ kasyacidbrūyānna cānyāyena pṛcchataḥ" (a0 2 ślo0 110) iti| "abhigamya pratipūjya, abruvanniti"
kriyātraye'pi manumityeva karma| abruvannityatrākathitakarmatā| bruvidhātordvikarmakatvāt|
kimabruvannityapekṣāyāmāha-

1.2

mīmāṃse bahu sevitāsi suhṛdastarkāḥ samastāḥ stha me vedāntāḥ paramātmabodhaguravo yūyaṃ mayopāsitāḥ| jātā vyākaraṇāni bālasakhitā yuṣmābhirabhyarthaye prāpto'yaṃ samayo manūktavivṛtau sāhāyyamālambyatām|
aiśvaryādīnāṃ bhagaśabdo vācakaḥ| taduktaṃ viṣṇupurāṇe-“aiśvaryasya samagrasya vīryasya yaśasaḥ śriyaḥ| jñānavairāgyayoścaiva ṣaṇṇāṃ bhaga itīṅganā1||” matubantena saṃbodhana bhagavanniti| varṇā brāhmaṇakṣatriyavaiśyaśūdrāḥ sarve ca te varṇāśceti sarvavarṇāḥ teṣāmantaraprabhavāṇāṃ ca saṃkīrṇajātīnāṃ cāpi anulomapratilomajātānāṃ ambaṣṭhakṣatrṛkarṇaprabhṛtīnāṃ teṣāṃ vijātīyamaithunasaṃbhavatvena kharaturaṃgīyasaṃparkājjātāśvataravajjātyantaratvādvarṇaśabdenāgrahaṇātpṛthak praśnaḥ| etenāsya śāstrasya sarvopakārakatvaṃ darśitam| yathāvat yo dharmo yasya varṇasya yena prakāreṇārhatītyanenāśramadharmādīnāmapi praśnaḥ| anupūrvaśaḥ krameṇa jātakarma, tadanu nāmadheyamityādinā| dharmānno'smabhyaṃ vaktumarhasi sarvadharmābhidhāne yogyo bhavasi tasmādgṛhītyadhyeṣaṇamadhyāhāryam| yattu brahmahatyādirūpaadharmakīrtanamapyatra tatprāyaścittavidhirūpadharmaviṣayatvena na svatantratayā|
sakaladharmābhidhānayogyatve hetumāha-

1.3

dveṣādidoṣarahitasya satāṃ hitāya manvarthatattvakathanāya mamodyatasya| daivādyadi kvacidiha skhalanaṃ tathāpi nistārako bhavatu me jagadantarātmā|
hiśabdo hetau| yasmāttvameko'dvitīyaḥ asya sarvasya pratyakṣaśrutasya smṛtyādyanumeyasya ca vidhānasya vidhīyante'nena karmāṇyagnihotrādīnīti vidhānaṃ vedastasya svayaṃbhuvo'pauruṣeyasyācintyasya bahuśākhāvibhinnatvādiyattayā paricchettumayogyasya aprameyasya mīmāṃsādinyāyanirapekṣatayānavagamyamānaprameyasya| kāryamanuṣṭheyamagniṣṭomādi, tattvaṃ brahma "satyaṃ jñānamanantaṃ brahma" (taitti0 u0 2-1-1) ityādi vedāntavedyaṃ tadevārthaḥ pratipādyabhāgastaṃ vettīti kāryatattvārthavit| medhātithistu karmamīmāṃsāvāsanayā vedasya kāryameva tattvarūpo'rthastaṃ vettīti kāryatattvārthaviditi vyācaṣṭe| tanna| vedānāṃ brahmaṇyapi prāmāṇyābhyupagamānna kāryameva tattvarūpo'rthaḥ| dharmādharmavyavasthāpanasamarthatvātprabho iti saṃbodhanam|

1.4

sa manustairmaharṣibhistathā tena prakāreṇa pūrvoktena nyāyena praṇatibhaktiśraddhātiśayādinā pṛṣṭastānsam‍yagyathātattvaṃ pratyuvāca śrūyatāmityupakramya| amitamaparicchedyamojaḥ sāmarthyaṃ jñānatattvābhidhānādau yasya sa tathā| ata eva sarvajñasarvaśaktitayā maharṣīṇāmapi praśnaviṣayaḥ| mahātmabhirmahānubhāvaiḥ ārcya pūjayitvā| āṅpūrvasyārcaterlyabantasya rūpamidam| dharmasyābhidhānamapi pūjanapuraḥsarameva kartavyamityanena phalitam| nanu manupraṇītatve'sya śāstrasya 'sa pṛṣṭaḥ pratyuvāca' iti na yuktam| ahaṃ pṛṣṭo bravīmīti yujyate, anyapraṇītatve ca kathaṃ mānavīyasaṃhiteti| ucyate-prāyeṇācāryāṇāmiyaṃ śailī yatsvābhiprāyamapi paropadeśamiva varṇayanti| ata eva "karmāṇyapi jaiminiḥ phalārthatvāt" iti jaiminereva sūtram| ata eva "taduparyapi bādarāyaṇaḥ saṃbhavāt" (vyā0 sū0 1-3-26) iti bādarāyaṇasyaiva śārīrakasūtram| athavā manūpadiṣṭā dharmāṃstacchiṣyeṇa bhṛguṇā tadājñayopanibaddhāḥ| ata eva vakṣyati- "etadvo'yaṃ bhṛguḥ śāstraṃ śrāvayiṣyatyaśeṣataḥ" (a0 1 ślo0 59) ityato yujyata eva sa pṛṣṭaḥ pratyuvāceti| manūpadiṣṭadharmopanibaddhatvācca mānavīyasaṃhiteti vyapadeśaḥ|
śrūyatāmityupakṣiptamarthamāha-

1.5

nanu munīnāṃ dharmaviṣayapraśne tatraivottaraṃ dātumucitaṃ tatko'yamaprastutaḥ pralayadaśāyāṃ kāraṇalīnasya jagataḥ sṛṣṭiprakaraṇāvatāraḥ| atra medhātithiḥ samādadhe;- śāstrasya mahāprayojanatvamanena sarveṇa pratipādyate| brahmādyāḥ sthāvaraparyantāḥ saṃsāragatayo dharmādharmanimittā atra pratipādyante| "tamasā bahurūpeṇa veṣṭitāḥ karmahetunā" (a0 1 ślo0 49) iti| vakṣyati ca "etā dṛṣṭvāsya jīvasya gatīḥ svenaiva cetasā| dharmato'dharmataścaiva dharme dadhyātsadā manaḥ" a0 12 ślo0 23 iti| tataśca niratiśayaiśvaryahetudharmastadviparītaścādharmastadrūpaparijñānārthamidaṃ śāstraṃ mahāprayojanamadhyetavyamityadhyayanātātparyamityantena| govindarājasyāpīdameva samādhānam| naitanmanoharam| dharmasvarūpapraśne yaddharmasya phalakīrtanaṃ tadapyaprastutam| dharmoktimātrāddhi śāstramarthavat| kiṃca "karmaṇāṃ phalanirvṛttiṃ śaṃsetyukte maharṣibhiḥ| dvādaśe vakṣyamāṇā sā vaktumādau na yujyate||" idaṃ tu vadāmaḥ| munīnāṃ dharmaviṣaye praśne jagatkāraṇatayā brahmapratipādanaṃ dharmakathanameveti' nāprastutābhidhānam| ātmajñānasyāpi dharmarūpatvāt| manuneva "dhṛtiḥ kṣamā damo'steyaṃ śaucamindriyanigrahaḥ| dhīrvidyā satyamakrodho daśakaṃ dharmalakṣaṇam" (a0 6-śloka 92) iti daśavidhadharmābhidhāne vidyāśabdavācyamātmajñānaṃ dharmatvenoktam| mahābhārate'pi- "ātmajñānaṃ titikṣā ca dharmaḥ sādhāraṇo nṛpa" ityātmajñānaṃ dharmatvenoktam| yājñavalkyena tu paramadharmatvena yaduktam- "ijyācāradamāhiṃsā dānaṃ svādhyāyakarma ca| ayaṃ tu paramo dharmo yadyogenātmadarśanam" (a0 1 ślo0 8) iti| jagatkāraṇatvaṃ ca brahmalakṣaṇam| ata eva brahmamīmāṃsāyām - "athāto brahmajijñāsā" (vyā0 sū0 1-1-1) iti sūtrānantaraṃ brahmalakṣaṇakathanāya "janmādyasya tayaḥ" (vyā0 sū0 1-1-2) iti dvitīyasūtraṃ bhagavānbādarāyaṇaḥ praṇināya| asya jagato yato janmādi sṛṣṭisthitimalayamiti sūtrārthaḥ| tathāca śrutiḥ- "yato vā imāni bhūtāni jāyante| yena jātāni jīvanti| yatprayantyabhisaṃviśanti| tadvijijñāsasva| tadbrahma" iti prādhānyena jagadutpattisthitilayanimittopādānabrahmapratipādanam| ātmajñānarūpaparamadharmāvagamāya prathamādhyāyaṃ kṛtvā saṃskārādirūpaṃ dharmaṃ tadaṅgatayā dvitīyādhyāyādikrameṇa vakṣyatīti na kaścidvirodhaḥ|| kiṃca praśnottaravākyānāmeva svarasādyaṃ madukto'rtho labhyate| tathā hi; “dharme pṛṣṭe manurbrahma jagataḥ kāraṇaṃ bruvan| ātmajñānaṃ paraṃ dharmaṃ vitteti vyaktamuktavān|| prādhānyātprathamādhyāye sādhu tasyaiva kīrtanam| dharmo'nyastu tadaṅgatvādyukto vaktumanantaram||” idamityadhyakṣeṇa sarvasya pratibhāsamānatvājjagannirdiśyate| idaṃ jagat tamobhūtaṃ tamasi sthitaṃ līnamāsīt| tamaḥśabdena guṇavṛttyā prakṛtirnirdiśyate tama iva tamaḥ| yathā tamasi līnāḥ padārthā adhyakṣeṇa na prakāśyanta evaṃ prakṛtilīnā api bhāvā nāvagamyanta iti guṇayogaḥ| pralayakāle sūkṣmarūpatayā prakṛtau līnamāsīdityarthaḥ| tathāca śrutiḥ-“tama āsīttamasā gūḷhamagre” iti| prakṛtirapi brahmātmanā'vyākṛtāsīt| ataeva aprajñātamapratyakṣaṃ sakalapramāṇaśreṣṭhatayā pratyakṣagocaraḥ prajñāta ityucyate tanna bhavatītyaprajñātaṃ alakṣaṇamananumeyaṃ lakṣyate'neneti lakṣaṇaṃ liṅgaṃ tadasya nāstīti alakṣaṇaṃ apratarkyaṃ tarkayitumaśakyaṃ tadānīṃ vācakasthūlaśabdābhāvācchabdato'pyavijñeyam| etadeva ca pramāṇatrayaṃ satarkaṃ dvādaśādhyāye manunābhyupagataṃ ataevāvijñeyamityarthāpattyādyagocaramiti dharaṇīdharasyāpi vyākhyānam| naca nāsīdeveti vācyam| tadānīṃ śrutisiddhatvāt| tathāca śrūyate– “taddhedaṃ tarhyavyākṛtamāsīt” chāndogyopaniṣacca– “sadeva somyedamagra āsīt” (6/2/1) idaṃ jagatsadevāsīt| brahmātmanā āsīdityarthaḥ| sacchabdo brahmavācakaḥ| ataeva prasuptamiva sarvataḥ| prathamārthe tasiḥ| svakāryākṣamamityarthaḥ|
atha kimabhūdityāha–
śakalaṃ khaṇḍaṃ tābhyāmaṇḍaśakalābhyāṃ uttareṇa divaṃ svarlokamadhareṇa bhūrlokaṃ ubhayormadhya ākāśaṃ diśaścāntarāladigbhiḥ sahāṣṭau samudrākhyaṃ apāṃ sthānaṃ sthiraṃ nirmitavān|
idānīṃ mahadādikrameṇaiva jagannirmāṇamiti darśayituṃ tattatsṛṣṭimāha—

1.6

tataḥ pralayāvasānānantaraṃ svayaṃbhūḥ paramātmā svayaṃ bhavati svecchayā śarīraparigrahaṃ karoti, na tvitarajīvavatkarmāyattadehaḥ| tathāca śrutiḥ–“sa ekadhā bhavati dvidhā bhavati”| bhagavānaiśvaryādisaṃpannaḥ| avyakto bāhyakaraṇāgocaraḥ| yogābhyāsāvaseya iti yāvat| idaṃ mahābhūtādi| ākāśādīni mahābhūtāni| ādigrahraṇānmahadādīni ca vyañjayannavyaktāvasthaṃ prathamaṃ sūkṣmarūpeṇa tataḥ sthūlarūpeṇa prakāśayan| vṛttaujāḥ vṛttamapratihatamucyate| ataeva “vṛtti sargatāyaneṣu kramaḥ” (pā0 sū0 1/3/38) ityatra vṛttirapratighāta iti vyākhyātaṃ jayādityena| vṛttamapratihatamojaḥ sṛṣṭisāmarthyaṃ yasya sa tathā| tamonudaḥ prakṛtiprerakaḥ| taduktaṃ bhagavadgītāyām–“mayādhyakṣeṇa prakṛtiḥ sūyate sacarācaram” (a0 9 ślo0 10) iti| prādurāsītprakāśito babhūva| tamonudaḥ pralayāvasthādhvaṃsaka iti tu medhātithagovindarājau|
mahāntamiti mahadākhyatattvamahaṃkārātpūrvaṃ paramātmana evāvyākṛtaśaktirūpaprakṛtisahitāduddhṛtavān| ātmana utpannatvāt ātmānamātmopakārakatvādvā| yānyabhihitāni abhidhāsyante ca tānyutpattimanti sarvāṇi sattvarajastamoguṇayuktāni viṣayāṇāṃ śabdasparśarūparasagandhānāṃ grāhakāṇi śanaiḥ krameṇa vedāntasiddhena śrotrādīni dvitīyādhyāyavaktavyāni pañca buddhīndriyāṇi, ca śabdātpañca pāyvādīni karmendriyāṇi śabdatanmātrādīni ca pañcotpāditavān| nanvabhidhyānapūrvakasṛṣṭyabhidhānādvedāntasiddhānta eva manorabhimata iti prāguktaṃ tanna saṃgacchate| idānīṃ mahādādikrameṇa sṛṣṭyabhidhānādvedāntadarśanena ca paramātmana evākāśādikrameṇa sṛṣṭiruktā| tathāca taittirīyopaniṣat"tasmādvā etasmādātmana ākāśaḥ saṃbhūtaḥ| ākāśādvāyuḥ| vāyoragniḥ| agnerāpaḥ| adbhyaḥ pṛthivī" (2/1/1) iti| ucyate-prakṛtito mahadādikrameṇa sṛṣṭiriti bhagavadbhāskarīyadarśane 'pyupapadyata iti tadvido vyācakṣate| avyākṛtameva prakṛtiriṣyate tasya ca sṛṣṭyunmukhatvaṃ sṛṣṭyādyakālayogarūpaṃ tadeva mahattattvaṃ, tato bahu syāmityabhimānātmakekṣaṇakālayogitvamavyākṛtasyāhaṃkāratattvam| tata ākāśādipañcabhūtasūkṣmāṇi krameṇotpannāni pañca tanmātrāṇi tatastebhya eva sthūlānyutpannāni pañca mahābhūtāni sūkṣmasthūlakrameṇaiva kāryodayadarśanāditi na virodhaḥ| avyākṛtaguṇatve'pi sattvarajastamasāṃ sarvāṇi triguṇānītyupapadyate| bhavatu vā sattvarajastamaḥsamatārūpaiva mūlaprakṛtiḥ, bhavantu ca tattvāntarāṇyaেব mahadahaṃkāratanmātrāṇi, tathāpi prakṛtirbrahmaṇo'nanyeti manoḥ svarasaḥ| yato vakṣyati-‘‘sarvabhūteṣu cātmānaṃ sarvabhūtāni cātmani’’ (a0 12 ślo0 91) iti| tathā ‘‘evaṃ yaḥ sarvabhūteṣu paśyatyātmānamātmanā| sa sarvasamatāmetya brahmābhyeti paraṃ padam’’ (a0 12 ślo0 125) iti|

1.7

yo'sāviti sarvanāmadvayena sakalalokavedapurāṇetihāsādiprasiddhaṃ paramātmānaṃ nirdiśati| atīndriyagrāhyaḥ indriyamatītya vartata ityatīndriyaṃ manastadgrāhya ityarthaḥ| yadāha vyāsaḥ- ‘‘naivāsau cakṣuṣā grāhyo na ca śiṣṭairapīndriyaiḥ| manasā tu prayatnena gṛhyate sūkṣmadarśibhiḥ||’’ sūkṣmo bahirindriyāgocaraḥ| avyakto vyaktiravayavastadrahitaḥ| sanātanò nityaḥ| sarvabhūtamayaḥ sarvabhūtātmā| ataevācintyaḥ iyattayā paricchettumaśakyaḥ| sa eva svayaṃ udbabhau mahadādikāryarūpatayā prādurbabhūva| utpūrvo bhātiḥ prādurbhāve vartate| dhātūnāmanekārthatvāt|

1.8

sa paramātmā nānāvidhāḥ prajāḥ sisṛkṣurabhidhyāyāpo jāyantāmityabhidhyānamātreṇāpa eva sasarja| abhidhyānapūrvikāṃ sṛṣṭiṃ vadato manoḥ prakṛtirevācetanā'svatantrā pariṇamata ityayaṃ pakṣo na saṃmataḥ, kiṃtu brahmaivāvyākṛtaśaktyātmanā jagatkāraṇamiti tridaṇḍivedāntasiddhānta evābhimataḥ pratibhāti| tathā ca chāndogyopaniṣat- ‘‘tadaikṣata bahu syāṃ prajāyeya’’ iti| ataeva śārīrakasūtrakṛtā vyāsena siddhāntitam ‘‘īkṣaternāśabdam’’ (vyā0 sū0 1/1/5) iti| īkṣaterīkṣaṇaśravaṇānna pradhānaṃ jagatkāraṇam| aśabdaṃ na vidyate śabdaḥ śrutiryasya tadaśabdamiti sūtrārthaḥ| svāccharīrādavyākṛtarūpādavyākṛtameva bhagavadbhāskarīyavedāntadarśane prakṛtiḥ, tadeva tasya ca śarīraṃ avyākṛtaśabdena pañcabhūtabuddhīndriyakarmendriyaprāṇamanaḥ karmāvidyāvāsanā eva sūkṣmarūpatayā śaktyātmanā sthitā abhidhīyante| avyākṛtasya ca brahmaṇā saha bhedābhedasvīkārādbrahmādvaitaṃ, śaktyātmanā ca brahma jagadrūpatayā pariṇamata ityubhayamapyupapadyate| ādau svakāryabhūmibrahmāṇḍasṛṣṭeḥ prāk| apāṃ sṛṣṭiśceyaṃ mahadahaṃkāratanmātrakrameṇa boddhavyā| mahābhūtādi vyañjayanniti pūrvābhidhānādanantaramapi mahadādisṛṣṭervakṣyamāṇatvāt| tāsvapsu bījaṃ śaktirūpaṃ āropitavān|

1.9

tadvījaṃ parameśvarecchayā haimamaṇḍamabhavat| haimamiva haima śuddhiguṇayogātra tu haimameva| tadīyaikaśakalena bhūminirmāṇasya vakṣyamāṇatvāt| bhūmeścāhaimatvasya pratyakṣatvādupacārāśrayaṇam| sahastrāṃśurādityastattulyaprabhaṃ tasminnaṇḍe hiraṇyagarbho jātavān| yena pūrvajanmani hiraṇyagarbho'hamasmīti bhedābhedabhāvanayā parameśvaropāsanā kṛtā tadīyaṃ liṅgaśarīrāvacchinnajīvanamanupraviśya svayaṃ paramātmaiva hiraṇyagarbharūpatayā prādurbhūtaḥ| sarvalokānāṃ pitāmaho janakaḥ, sarvalokapitāmaha iti vā tasya nāma|
idānīmāgamaprasiddhanārāyaṇaśabdārthanirvacanenoktamevārthaṃ draḍhayati-
yadyapi tapaḥprabhṛtīni sarvāṇi sarvayugeṣvanuṣṭheyāni tathāpi satyayuge tapaḥ pradhānaṃ mahāphalamiti jñāpyate| evamātmajñānaṃ tretāyuge, dvāpare yajñaḥ dānaṃ kalau|

1.10

āpo nārāśabdenocyante| apsu nārāśabdasyāprasiddhestadarthamāha-yatastā narākhyasya paramātmanaḥ sūnavo'patyāni| "tasyedam" (pā0 sū0 4/3/120) ityaṇpratyayaḥ| yadyapi aṇi kṛte ṅīppratyayaḥ prāptastathāpi chāndasalakṣaṇairapi smṛtiṣu vyavahārāt "sarve vidhayaśchandasi vikalpyante" iti pākṣiko ṅīppratyayastasyābhāvapakṣe sāmānyalakṣaṇaprāpte ṭāpi kṛte nārā iti rūpasiddhiḥ| āpo'sya paramātmano brahmarūpeṇāvasthitasya pūrvamayanamāśraya ityasau nārāyaṇa ityāgameṣvāmnātaḥ| govindarājena tu āpo narā iti paṭhitaṃ vyākhyātaṃ ca-narāyaṇa iti prāpte "anyeṣāmapi dṛśyate" (pā0 sū0 6/3/137) iti dīrghatvena nārāyaṇa iti rūpam| anye tvāpo nārā iti paṭhanti|

1.11

yattaditisarvanāmabhyāṃ lokavedādisarvaprasiddhaṃ paramātmānaṃ nirdiśati| kāraṇaṃ sarvotpattimattāṃ| avyaktaṃ bahirindriyāgocaraṃ| nityaṃ utpattivināśarahitam| vedāntasiddhatvātsatsvabhāvaṃ pratyakṣādyagocaratvādasatsvabhāvamiva| athavā sadbhāvajātaṃ asadbhāvastayorātmabhūtam| tathāca śrutiḥ-‘‘aitadātmyamidaṃ sarvam’’ iti| tadvisṛṣṭastenotpāditaḥ sa puruṣaḥ sarvatra brahmeti kīrtyate|
idaṃ śāstramadhīyāna ityanuvartate| apāṅktyopahatāṃ paṃktimānupūrvyāṃ niviṣṭajanasamūhaṃ pavitrīkaroti| vaṃśabhavāṃśca sapta parānipatrādīn, avarāṃśca putrādīn| pṛthivīmapi sarvāṃ sakaladharmajñatayā pātratvena gṛhītuṃ yogyo bhavati|
iti śrīkullūkabhaṭṭakṛtāyāṃ manvarthamuktāvalyāṃ manuvṛttau prathamo'dhyāyaḥ|

1.12

tasmin pūrvokte'ṇḍe sa brahmā vakṣyamāṇabrahmamānena saṃvatsaramuṣitvā sthitvā ātmanaivāṇḍaṃ dvidhā bhavatvityātmagatadhyānamātreṇa tadaṇḍaṃ dvikhaṇḍaṃ kṛtavān|

1.14

brahmā ātmanaḥ paramātmanaḥ sakāśāttena rūpeṇa mana uddhṛtavān| paramātmana eva brahma svarūpeṇotpannatvātparamātmana eva ca manaḥsṛṣṭirvedāntadarśane na pradhānāt| tathāca śrutiḥ—"etasmājjāyate prāṇo manaḥ sarvendriyāṇi ca| khaṃ vāyurjyotirāpaśca pṛthvī viśvasya dhāriṇī||" manaśca śrutisiddhatvādyugapajjñānānutpattiliṅgācca sat aprakṣatvādasaditi| manasaḥ pūrvamahaṃkāratattvaṃ ahamityabhimānākhyakāryayuktaṃ īśvaraṃ svakāryakaraṇakṣamam |

1.16

teṣāṃ ṣaṇṇāṃ pūrvoktāhaṃkārasya tanmātrāṇāṃ ca ye sūkṣmā avayavāstān ātmamātrāsuṣaṇṇāṃ svavikāreṣu yojayitvā manuṣyatiryaksthāvarādīni sarvabhūtāni paramātmā nirmitavān| tatra tanmātrāṇāṃ vikāraḥ pañcamahābhūtāni ahaṃkārasyendriyāṇi pṛthivyādibhūteṣu śarīrarūpatayā pariṇateṣu tanmātrāhaṃkārayojanāṃ kṛtvā sakalasya kāryajātasya nirmāṇam| ataevāmitaujasāmanantakāryanirmāparentlyṇainātivīryaśālinām|

1.17

yasmānmūrtiḥ śarīraṃ tatsaṃpādakā avayavāḥ sūkṣmāstanmātrāhaṃkārarūpāḥ ṣaṭ tasya brahmaṇaḥ saprakṛtikasya imāni vakṣyamāṇāni bhūtānīndriyāṇi ca pūrvoktāni kāryatvenāśrayanti| tanmātrebhyo bhūtotpatteḥ ahaṃkārācca indriyotpatteḥ| tathāca paṭhanti-‘‘prakṛtermahāṃstato'haṃkārastasmādgaṇaśca ṣoḍaśakaḥ| tasmādapi ṣoḍaśakātpañcabhyaḥ pañca bhūtāni||’’ (sāṃkhyakārikā 22) tasmāttasya brahmaṇo yā mūrtiḥ svabhāvastāṃ tathā pariṇatāmindriyādiśālinīṃ lokā śarīrāmiti vadanti| ṣaḍāśrayaṇāccharīramiti śarīranirvacanenānena pūrvoktotpattikrama eva dṛḍhīkṛtaḥ|

1.18

pūrvaśloke tasyeti prakṛtaṃ brahmātra taditi parāmṛśyate tadbrahma śabdādipañcatanmātrātmanāvasthitaṃ mahābhūtānyākāśādīni āviśanti tebhya utpadyante| saha karmabhiḥ svakāryaistatrākāśasyāvakāśadānaṃ karma vāyorvyūhanaṃ vinyāsarūpaṃ tejasaḥ pāko'pāṃ snehaṇaṃ piṇḍīkaraṇarūpaṃ pṛthivyā dhāraṇaṃ| ahaṃkārātmanāvasthitaṃ brahma mana āviśati| ahaṃkārādutpadyata ityarthaḥ| avayavaiḥ svakāryaiḥ śubhāśubhasaṃkalpasukhaduḥkhādirūpaiḥ sūkṣmairbahirindriyāgocaraiḥ sarvabhūtakṛtsarvotpattinimittaṃ manojanyaśubhāśubhakarmaprabhavatvājjagataḥ| avyayamavināśi|

1.19

teṣāṃ pūrvaprakṛtīnāṃ mahadahaṃkāratanmātrāṇāṃ saptasaṃkhyānāṃ puruṣādātmana utpannatvāttadvṛttigrāhyatvācca puruṣāṇāṃ mahaujasāṃ svakāryasaṃpādanena vīryavatāṃ sūkṣmā yā mūrtimātrāḥ śarīsaṃpādakabhāgāstābhya idaṃ jagannaśvaraṃ saṃbhavatyanaśvarādyatkāryaṃ tadvināśi svakāraṇe līyate| kāraṇaṃ tu kāryāpekṣayā sthiram| paramakāraṇaṃ tu brahma nityamupāsanīyamityetaddarśayitumayamanuvādaḥ|

1.20

eṣāmiti pūrvataraśloke "tadāviśanti bhūtāni" (a0 1 ślo0 18) ityatra bhūtānāṃ parāmarśaḥ| teṣāṃ cākāśādikrameṇotpattikramaḥ, śabdādiguṇavattā ca vakṣyate| tatrādyādyasyākāśāderguṇaṃ śabdādikaṃ vāyvādi paraḥ paraḥ prāpnoti| etadeva spaṣṭayati-yo ya iti|| eṣāṃ madhye yo yo yāvatāṃ pūraṇo yāvatithaḥ " vatorithuk" (pā0 sū0 5/2/53) sa sa dvitīyādiḥ dvitīyo dviguṇaḥ tṛtīyastriguṇa ityevamādirmanvādibhiḥ smṛtaḥ| etenaitaduktaṃ bhavati| ākāśasya śabdo guṇaḥ, vāyoḥ śabdasparśau, tejasaḥ śabdasparśarūpāṇi, apāṃ śabdasparśarūparasāḥ, bhūmeḥ śabdasparśarūparasagandhāḥ| atra yadyapi " nityavīpsayoḥ" (pā0 sū0 8/1/4)| iti dvirvacanenādyasyādyasyeti prāptaṃ tathāpi smṛtīnāṃ chandaḥ samānaviṣayatvāt "supāṃ sulukū" (pā0 sū0 7/1/39) iti prathamādyasya subluk tenādyādyasyeti rūpasiddhiḥ|

1.21

sa paramātmā hiraṇyagarbharūpeṇāvasthitaḥ sarveṣāṃ nāmāni gojātergauriti aśvajāteraśva iti| karmāṇi brāhmaṇasyādhyayanādīni, kṣatriyasya prajārakṣādīni| pṛthak pṛthak yasya pūrvakalpe yānyabhūvan| ādau sṛṣṭyādau vedaśabdebhya evāvagamya nirmitavān| bhagavatā vyāsenāpi vedamīmāṃsāyāṃ vedapūrvikāaiva jagatsṛṣṭirvyutpāditā| tathā ca śārīrakasūtram"śabda iti cennātaḥprabhavātpratyakṣānumānābhyām" (vyā0 sū0 1/3/28 asyārthāḥ| devatānāṃ vigrahavattve vaidike vasvādiṃśabde devatāvācini virodhaḥ syādvedasyādimattvaprasaṅgāditi cennāsti virodhaḥ| kasmāt ataḥśabdādeva jagataḥ prabhavādutpatteḥ pralayakāle'pi sūkṣmarūpeṇa paramātmani vedarāśiḥ sthitaḥ sa iha kalpādau hiraṇyagarbhasya paramātmana eva prathamadehimūrtermanasyavasthāntaramanāpannaḥ suptaprabuddhasyeva prādurbhavati| tena pradīpasthānīyena suranaratiryagādipravibhaktaṃ jagadabhidheyabhūtaṃ nirmimīte| kathamidaṃ gamyate pratyakṣānumānābhyāṃ śrutismṛtibhyāmityarthaḥ| pratyakṣaṃ śrutiranapekṣatvāt| anumānaṃ smṛtiranumīyamānaśrutisāpekṣatvāt| tathāca śrutiḥ- "eta iti vai prajāpatirdevānasṛjatāsṛgramiti manuṣyānindava iti pitṛṃstiraḥpavitramiti grahānāśva iti stotraṃ viśvānīti śastramabhisaubhagetyanyāḥ prajāḥ"| smṛtistu "sarveṣāṃ tu sa nāmāni" (a0 1 ślo0 21) ityādikā manvādipraṇītaivai| pṛthaksaṃsthāśceti| laukikīśca vyavasthāḥ kulālasya ghaṭanirmāṇaṃ kuvindasya paṭanirmāṇamityādikavibhāgena nirmitavān|

1.22

sa brahmā devānāṃ gaṇamasṛjat| prāṇināmindrādīnāṃ karmāṇi ātmā svabhāvo yeṣāṃ teṣāmaprāṇināṃca grāvādīnāṃ devānāṃ sādhyānāṃ ca devaviśeṣāṇāṃ samūhaṃ yajñaṃ ca jyotiṣṭomādikaṃ kalpāntare'pyanumīyamānatvānnityam| sādhyānāṃ ca gaṇasya pṛthagvacanaṃ sūkṣmatvāt|

1.23

brahma ṛgyajuḥsāmasaṃjñaṃ vedatrayaṃ agnivāyuravibhya ākṛṣṭavān| sanātanaṃ nityam| vedāpauruṣeyatvapakṣa eva manorabhimataḥ| pūrvakalpe ye vedāsta eva paramātmamūrterbrahmaṇaḥ sarvajñasya smṛtyārūḍhāḥ| tāneva kalpādau agnivāyuravibhya ācakarṣa| śrautaścāyamartho na śaṅkanīyaḥ| tathāca śrutiḥ—"agnerṛgvedo vāyoryajurveda ādityātsāmavedaḥ" iti| ākarṣaṇārthatvāduhidhātornāgnivāyuravīṇāmakathitakarmatā kiṃtvapādānataiva| yajñasiddhyarthaṃ trayīsaṃpādyatvādyajñānāṃ āpīnasthakṣīravaddidyamānānāmeva vedānā buildmabhivyaktipradarśanārthamākarṣaṇavācako gauṇo duhiḥ prayuktaḥ |

1.25

atra sasarjetyuttaraślokavartinī kriyā saṃbadhyate| ādityādikriyāpracayarūpaṃ kālaṃ kālavibhaktīrmāsatarvayanādyāḥ nakṣatrāṇi kṛttikādīni grahānsūryādīn sarito nadīḥ sāgarānsamudrān śailānaparvatān samāni samasthānāni viṣamāṇi uccanīcarūpāṇi || tapaḥ prājāpatyādi vācaṃ vāṇīṃ ratiṃ cetaḥparitoṣaṃ kāmamicchāṃ krodhaṃ cetovikāraṃ imāmetacchlokoktāṃ pūrvaślokoktāñca sṛṣṭiṃ cakāra | sṛjyata iti sṛṣṭiḥ| karmaṇi ktin| imāḥ prajā vakṣyamāṇā devādikāḥ kartumicchan || 24-25 ||

1.26

dharmo yajñādiḥ sa ca kartavyaḥ adharmo brahmavadhādiḥ sa na kartavyaḥ iti karmaṇāṃ vibhāgāya dharmādharmau vyavecayatpṛthaktvenābhyadhāt | dharmasya phalaṃ sukhaṃ, adharmasya phalaṃ duḥkham | dharmādharmaphalabhūtairdvandvaiḥ parasparaviruddhaiḥ sukhaduḥkhādibhirimāḥ prajā yojitavān| ādigrahaṇātkāmakrodharāgadveṣakṣutpipāsāśokamohādibhiḥ |

1.27

daśārdhānāṃ pañcānāṃ mahābhūtānāṃ yāḥ sūkṣmāḥ pañcatanmātrārūpā vināśinyaḥ pañcamahābhūtarūpatayā vipariṇāminyaḥ tābhiḥ saha uktaṃ vakṣyamāṇaṃ cedaṃ sarvamutpadyate | anupūrvaśaḥ krameṇa | sūkṣmātsthūlaṃ sthūlātsthūlataramityanena sarvaśakterbrahmaṇo mānasasṛṣṭiḥ kadācitttatvanirapekṣā syāditīmāṃ śaṅkāmapaninīṣaṃstadvāreṇaiveyaṃ sṛṣṭiriti madhye punaḥ pūrvoktaṃ smāritavān |

1.28

sa prajāpatiryaṃ jātiviśeṣaṃ vyāghrādikaṃ yasyāṃ kriyāyāṃ hariṇamāraṇādikāyāṃ sṛṣṭyādau niyuktavān sa jātiviśeṣaḥ punaḥ punarapi sṛjyamānaḥ svakarmavaśena tadevācaritavān | etena prāṇikarmasāpekṣaṃ prajāpateruttamādhamajātinirmāṇaṃ na rāgadveṣādhīnamiti darśitam | ataeva vakṣyati “yathākarma tapoyogātsṛṣṭaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamam” (a0 1 ślo0 41) iti |
etadeva prapañcayati-

1.29

hiṃsraṃ karma siṃhādeḥ karimāraṇādikam| ahiṃsraṃ hariṇādeḥ| mṛdu dayāpradhānaṃ viprādeḥ krūraṃ kṣatriyādeḥ| dharmo tathā brahmacaryādeḥ guruśuśrūṣādiḥ| adharmo yathā tasyaiva māṃsamaithunasevanādiḥ| ṛtaṃ satyaṃ, tacca prāyeṇa devānām| anṛtamasatyaṃ tadapi prāyeṇa manuṣyāṇām| tathāca śrutiḥ- "satyavāco devā anṛtavāco manuṣyāḥ" iti| teṣāṃ madhye yatkarma sa prajāpatiḥ sargādau yasyādhāratsṛṣṭyuttarakālamapi sa tadeva karma prāktanādṛṣṭavaśātsvayameva bheje|
atra dṛṣṭāntamāha-

1.30

yathā vasantādiṛtava ṛtuliṅgāni cūtamañjaryādīni ṛtūparyaye svakāryāvasare svayamevāpnuvanti tathā dehino'pi hiṃsrādīni karmāṇi |

1.31

bhūrādīnāṃ lokānāṃ bāhulyārthaṃ mukhabāhūrupādebhyo brāhmaṇakṣatriyavaiśyaśūdrānyathākramaṃ nirmitavān| brāhmaṇādibhiḥ sāyaṃprātaragnāvāhutiḥ prakṣiptā sūryamupatiṣṭhate sūryādvṛṣṭirvṛṣṭerannamannātprajābāhulyam| vakṣyati ca- "agnau prāstāhutiḥ samyagādityam” (a0 1 ślo0 76) ityādi| daivyā ca śaktyā mukhādibhyo brāhmaṇādinirmāṇam| brāhmaṇo na viśaṅkanīyaḥ śrutisiddhatvāt| tathāca śrutiḥ "brāhmaṇo'sya mukhamāsīt" ityādi |

1.32

sa brahmā nijadehaṃ dvikhaṇḍaṃ kṛtvā ardhena strī tasyāṃ maithunadharmeṇa virāṭsaṃjñaṃ puruṣaṃ nirmitavān| śrutiśca- "tato virājaḍāyata" iti|

1.33

sa virāṭ tapo vidhāya yaṃ nirmitavān taṃ māṃ manuṃ jānīta asya sarvasya jagataḥ sraṣṭāraṃ bho dvijasattamāḥ| etena svajanmotkarṣasāmarthyātiśayāvabhihitavān lokānāṃ pratyayitapratyayārtham|

1.34

ahaṃ prajāḥ sraṣṭumicchan suduścaraṃ tapastaptvā daśa prajāpatīnprathamaṃ sṛṣṭavān| tairapi prajānāṃ sṛjyamānatvāt|

1.35

ta ete daśa prajāpatayo nāmato nirdiṣṭāḥ|

1.36

ete marīcyādayo daśa bhūritejaso bahutejaso'nyān saptāparimitatejaskān manūndevān brahmaṇā'sṛṣṭān devanivāsasthānāti svargādīnmaharṣīṃśca sṛṣṭavantaḥ| manuśabdo'yamadhikāravācī| caturdaśasu manvantareṣu yasya yatra sargādyadhikāraḥ sa tasminmanvantare svāyaṃbhuvasvārociṣādināmabhirmanuriti vyapadiśyate|

1.37

1.38

1.39

1.40

1.41

evamityuktaprakāreṇa etairmarīcyādibhiridaṃ sarvaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamaṃ sṛṣṭam| yathākarma yasya jantoryādṛśaṃ karma tadanurūpam| tasya devamanuṣyatiryagādiyoniṣūtpādanaṃ manniyogānmadājñayā| tapoyogānmahattapaḥ kṛtvā| sarvamaiśvaryaṃ tapodhīnamiti darśitam|

1.42

yeṣāṃ punaryādṛśaṃ karma iha saṃsāre pūrvācāryaiḥ kathitam| yathā "oṣadhyaḥ phalapākāntā bahupuṣpaphalopagāḥ" (a0 1 ślo0 46) brāhmaṇādīnāṃ cādhyayanādikarma tattathaiva vo yuṣmākaṃ vakṣyāmi| janmādikramayogaṃ ca|

1.43

jarāyurgarbhāvaraṇacarma tatra manuṣyādayaḥ prādurbhavanti paścānmuktā jāyante| eṣāmeva janmakramaḥ prāgukto vivṛtaḥ| dantaśabdasamānārtho dacchabdaḥ prakṛtyantaramasti tasyedaṃ prathamābahuvacane rūpamubhayatodata iti|

1.44

aṇḍa ādau saṃbhavanti tato jāyanta iti eṣāṃ janmakramaḥ| nakrāḥ kumbhīrāḥ| sthalajāni kṛkalāsādīni| audakāni śaṅkhādīni|

1.45

svedaḥ pārthivadravyāṇāṃ tāpena kledaḥ tato daṃśamaśakādirjāyate ūṣmaṇaśca svedahetutāpādapi anyaddaṃśādisadṛśaṃ puttikāpipīlikādi jāyate|

1.46

udbhedanamudbhid| bhāve kvip| tato jāyante ūrdhvaṃ bījaṃ bhūmiṃ ca bhittvetyudbhijjā vṛkṣāḥ te ca dvidhāṃ| kecidbījādeva jāyante kecitkāṇḍāt śākhā eva ropitā vṛkṣatāṃ yānti| idānīṃ yeṣāṃ yādṛśaṃ karma taducyate-oṣadhya iti|| oṣadhyo vrīhi yavādayaḥ phalapākenaiva naśyanti bahupuṣpaphalayuktāśca bhavanti| oṣadhiśabdādeva “kṛdikārādaktinaḥ” iti ṅīpi dīrghatve oṣadhya iti rūpam|

1.47

nāsya ślokasyābhidhānakośavatsaṃjñāsaṃjñisaṃbandhaparatvamaprakṛtatvāt kiṃtu “kramayogaṃ ca janmani” (a0 1 ślo0 42) iti prakṛtaṃ tadarthamidamucyate| ye vanaspatayasteṣāṃ puṣpamantareṇaiva phalajanma, itarebhyastu puṣpāṇi jāyante tebhyaḥ phalānīti| evaṃ vṛkṣā ubhayarūpāḥ| prathamāntāttasiḥ|

1.48

mūlata eva yatra latāsamūho bhavati na ca prakāṇḍāni te gucchā mallikādayaḥ| gulmā ekamūlāḥ saṃghātajātāḥ śarekṣuprabhṛtayaḥ| tṛṇajātaya ulapādyāḥ| pratānāstantuyuktāstrapuṣālābūprabhṛtayaḥ| vallyo guḍūcyādayaḥ yā bhūmervṛkṣamārohanti| etānyapi bījakāṇḍaruhāṇi| “napuṃsakamanapuṃsakenekavaccāsyāntarasyām” (pā0 sū0 1/2/69) iti napuṃsakatvam|

1.49

ete vṛkṣādayastamoguṇena vicitraduḥkhaphalenādharmakarmahetukena vyāptā anataścaitanyā bhavanti| yadyapi sarve cāntareva cetayante tathāpi bahirvyāpārādikāryavirahāttathā vyapadiśyante triguṇārabdhatve'pi caiṣāṃ tamoguṇabāhulyāttathā vyapadeśaḥ| ataeva sukhaduḥkhasamanvitāḥ| sattvasyāpi bhāvātkadācitsukhaleśo'pi jaladharajanitajalasaṃparkādiṣāṃ jāyate|

1.50

sthāvaraparyantā brahmopakramā gataya utpattayaḥ kathitāḥ| bhūtānāṃ kṣetrajñānāṃ janmamaraṇaprabandhe duḥkhabahulatayā bhīṣṇe sadā vinaśvare|
itthaṃ sargamabhidhāya pralayadaśāmāha—

1.51

evaṃ uktaprakāreṇa| idaṃ sarvaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamaṃ jagatsṛṣṭvā sa-prajāpatiracintyaśaktirātmani śarīratyāgarūpamantardhānaṃ kṛtavān| sṛṣṭikāālaṃ pralayakālena nāśayanprāṇināṃ karmavaśena punaḥ punaḥ sargapralayānkarotītyarthaḥ|
atra hetumāha—

1.52

yadā sa prajāpatirjāgarti sṛṣṭisthitī icchati tadedaṃ jagat śvāsapraśvāsāhārādiceṣṭāṃ labhate| yadā svapiti nivṛtteccho bhavati śāntātmā upasaṃhāramanāstadedaṃ jagatpralīyate|
pūrvoktameva spaṣṭayati—

1.53

tasminprajāpatau nivṛttecche susthe upasaṃhṛtadehamanovyāpāre karmalabdhadehāḥ kṣetrajñāḥ svakarmabhyo dehagrahaṇādibhyo nivartante| manaḥ sarvendriyasahitaṃ vṛttirahitaṃ bhavati|
idānīṃ mahāpralayamāha—

1.54

ekasminneva kāle yadā tasminparamātmani sarvabhūtāni pralayaṃ yānti tadāyaṃ sarvabhūtānāmātmā nirvṛtaḥ nivṛttajāgratsvapnavyāpāraḥ sukhaṃ svapiti suṣupta iva bhavati| yadyapi nityajñānānandasvarūpe paramātmani na suṣupvāpastathāpi jīvadharmo'yamupacaryate|
idānīṃ pralayaprasaṅgena jīvasyotkramaṇamapi ślokadvayenāha—

1.55

ayaṃ jīvastamo jñānanivṛttiṃ prāpya bahukālamindriyādisahitastiṣṭhati| na cātmīyaṃ karma śvāsapraśvāsādikaṃ karoti tadā mūrtitaḥ pūrvadehādutkrāmati anyatra gacchati| liṅgaśarīrāvacchinnasya jīvasya udgamāttadgamanamapyupapadyate| tathācoktaṃ bṛhadāraṇyake— “tamutkrāmantaṃ prāṇo'nūtkrāmati| prāṇamanūtkrāmantaṃ sarve prāṇā anūtkrāmanti” (4/4/2)| prāṇā indriyāṇi|
kadā dehāntaraṃ gṛhṇātītyata āha—

1.56

aṇavo mātrāḥ puryaṣṭakarūpā yasya so'ṇumātrikaḥ| puryaṣṭakaśabdena bhūtādīnyaṣṭāvucyante| taduktaṃ sanandena—“bhūtendriyamanobuddhivāsanākarmavāyavaḥ| avidyā cāṣṭakaṃ proktaṃ puryaṣṭamṛṣisattamaiḥ||” brahmapurāṇe'pyuktam—“puryaṣṭakena liṅgena prāṇādyena sa yujyate| tena baddhasya vai bandho mokṣo muktasya tena tu||” yadāṇumātriko bhūtvā saṃpadya sthāsnu vṛkṣādihetubhūtaṃ, cariṣṇu mānuṣādikāraṇaṃ bījaṃ praviśatyadhitiṣṭhati tadā saṃsṛṣṭaḥ puryaṣṭaka yukto mūrtiṃ sthūladehāntaraṃ karmānurūpaṃ vimuñcati gṛhṇāti|
prāsaṅgikaṃ jīvasyotkramaṇamabhidhāya prakṛtamupasaṃharati—

1.57

sa brahmā anena prakāreṇa svīyajāgratsvapnābhyāmidaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamaṃ saṃjīvayati mārayati ca| ajasraṃ satatam| avyayaḥ avināśī|

1.58

asau brahmā idaṃ śāstraṃ kṛtvā sṛṣṭyādau māmeva vidhivacchāstroktāṅgajātānuṣṭhānenādhyāpitavān| ahaṃ tu marīcyādīnadhyāpitavān|| nanu brahmakṛtatve'sya śāstrasya kathaṃ mānavavyapadeśaḥ| atra medhātithiḥ-śāstraśabdena śāstrārtho vidhiniṣedhasamūha ucyate| taṃ brahmā manuṃ grāhayāmāsa| manustu tatpratipādakaṃ granthaṃ kṛtavāniti na virodhaḥ| anye tu brahmakṛtatve'pyasya manunā prathamaṃ marīcyādibhyaḥ svarūpato'rthataśca prakāśitatvānmānavavyapadeśaḥ vedāpauruṣeyatve'pi kāṭhakādivyapadeśavat| idaṃ tūcyate| brahmaṇā śatasāhasramidaṃ dharmaśāstraṃ kṛtvā manuradhyāpita āsīttatastena ca svavacanena saṃkṣipya śiṣyebhyaḥ pratipāditamityavirodhaḥ| tathāca nāradaḥ ‘‘śatasāhasro'yaṃ grantha’’ iti smarati sma|

1.59

etacchāstramayaṃ bhṛguḥ yuṣmākamakhilaṃ kathayiṣyati| yasmādeṣo'śeṣametanmatto'dhītavān|

1.60

sa bhṛgurmanunā tathokto'yaṃ śrāvayiṣyatīti yasmādeṣo'dhijaga ityuktastato'nantaramanekamunisaṃnidhau gurusaṃbhāvanayā prītamanāstānṛṣīnpratyuvāca śrūyatāmiti |

1.61

brahmaputrasyāsya manoḥ ṣaḍvaṃśaprabhavā anye manavaḥ | evaṃ kāryakāriṇaḥ svasvakāle sṛṣṭipālanādāvadhikṛtāḥ svāḥ svāḥ prajā utpāditavantaḥ |

1.62

ete bhedena manavaḥ ṣaṭ nāmato nirdiṣṭāḥ |

1.63

svāyaṃbhuvamukhāḥ saptāmī manavaḥ svīyasvīyādhikārakāle idaṃ sthāvarajaṅgamamutpādya pālitavantaḥ |
idānīmuktamanvantarasṛṣṭipralayādikālaparimāṇaparijñānāyāha-

1.64

1.65

mānuṣadaivasaṃbandhinau dinarātrikālāvāhityaḥ pṛthakkaroti| tayormadhye bhūtānāṃ svapnārthaṃ rātrirbhavati, karmānuṣṭhānārthaṃ ca dinam |

1.66

mānuṣāṇāṃ māsaḥ pitṝṇāmahorātre bhavataḥ| tatra pakṣadvayena vibhāgaḥ| karmānuṣṭhānāya pūrvapakṣo'haḥ| svāpārthaṃ śuklapakṣo rātriḥ |

1.67

1.68

brahmaṇo'horātrasya yatparimāṇaṃ pratyekayugānāṃ ca kṛtādīnāṃ tatkrameṇa samāsataḥ saṃkṣepataḥ śṛṇuta| prakṛte'pi kālavibhāge yadbrahmaṇo'horātrasya pṛthak pratijñānaṃ tattadīyajñānasya puṇyaphalajñānārtham| vakṣyati ca "brāhmaṃ puṇyamaharviduḥ" (a0 1 ślo0 73) iti| tadvedanātpuṇyaṃ bhavatītyarthaḥ |

1.69

catvāri varṣasahasrāṇi kṛtayugakālaṃ manvādayo vadanti| tasya tāvadvarṣaśatāni saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaśca bhavati| yugasya pūrvā saṃdhyā uttaraśca saṃdhyāṃśaḥ| taduktaṃ viṣṇupurāṇe-“tatpramāṇaiḥ śataiḥ saṃdhyā pūrvā tatrābhidhīyate| saṃdhyāṃśakaśca tattulyo yugasyānantaro hi yaḥ|| saṃdhyāsaṃdhyāṃśayorantaryaḥ kālo munisattama| yugākhyaḥ sa tu vijñeyaḥ kṛtatretādisaṃjñakaḥ||” varṣasaṃkhyā ceyaṃ divyamānena tasyaivānantaraprakṛtatvāt| “divyairvarṣa sahasraistu kṛtatretādisaṃjñitam| caturyugaṃ dvādaśabhistadvibhāgaṃ nibodha me||” iti viṣṇupurāṇavacanācca|

1.70

anyepu tretādvāparakaliyugeṣu saṃdhyāsaṃdhyāṃśasahiteṣu ekahānyā sahasrāṇi śatāni ca bhavanti| tenaivaṃ saṃpadyate| trīṇi varṣasahasrāṇi tretāyugaṃ, tasya trīṇi varṣaśatāni saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaśca| evaṃ dve varṣasahasre dvāparaḥ, tasya dve varṣaśate saṃdhyā saṃdhyāṃśaśca| evaṃ varṣasahasraṃ kaliḥ, tasyaikavarṣaśataṃ saṃkhyā saṃdhyāṃśaśca|

1.71

etasya ślokasyādau yadetanmānuṣaṃ caturyugaṃ parigaṇitaṃ etaddevānāṃ yugamucyate| caturyugaśabdena saṃdhyāsaṃdhyāṃśayoraprāptiśaṅkāyāmāha-etaddvādaśasāhasramiti| svārthe'ṇ| caturyugairaiva dvādaśasaṃkhyairdivyaṃ yugamirita tu medhātitherbhramo nādartavyaḥ| manunānantaraṃ divyayugasahasreṇa brāhmāhasyāpyabhidhānāt| viṣṇupurāṇe ca mānuṣacaturyugasahasreṇa brāhmāhakīrtanānmānuṣacaturyugenaiva divyayugānugamanāt| tathā ca viṣṇupurāṇam “kṛtaṃ tretā dvāparaṃca kaliśceti caturyugam| procyate tatsahasraṃ tu brahmaṇo divaso mune”|

1.72

devayugānāṃ sahasraṃ brāhmaṃ dinaṃ jñātavyam| sahasrameva rātriḥ| parisaṃkhyayeti ślokapūraṇo'rthānuvādaḥ|

1.73

yugasahasreṇāntaḥ samāptiryasya tadbrāhmamahastatparimāṇāṃ ca rātriṃ ye jānanti te'horātrajñā iti stutiriyam| stutyā ca brāhmamahorātraṃ jñātavyamiti vidhiḥ parikalpyate| ata etatpuṇyahetutvātpuṇyamiti viśeṣaṇaṃ kṛtam|

1.74

sa brahmā tasya pūrvoktasya svīyāhorātrasya samāptau pratibuddho bhavati pratibuddhaśca svīyaṃ manaḥ sṛjati bhūrlokāditrayasṛṣṭaye niyuṅkte na tu janayati| tasya mahāpralayāntaraṃ jātatvādanaṣṭatvācca| avāntarapralaye bhūrlokāditrayamātranāśātsṛṣṭyarthaṃ manoniyuktireva manaḥsṛṣṭiḥ| tathāca purāṇe śrūyate ‘‘mana sisṛkṣayā yuktaṃ sargāya nidadhe punaḥ’’ iti| athavā manaḥ śabdo'yaṃ mahattattvapara eva| yadyapi tanmahāpralayānantaramutpannaṃ, mahāntameva cetyādinā sṛṣṭirapi tasyoktā tathāpyanuktaṃ bhūtānāmutpattikramaṃ tadguṇāṃśca kathayituṃ mahāpralayānantaritāmeva mahadādisṛṣṭiṃ bhūtasṛṣṭiṃ ca hiraṇyagarbhasyāpi paramārthatvāttatkartṛtāmanuvadati| etenedamuktaṃ bhavati| brahmā mahāpralayānantaritasṛṣṭyādau paramātmarūpeṇa mahadāditattvāni jagatsṛṣṭyarthaṃ sṛjati| ataeva śeṣaṃ vakṣyati‘‘ ‘ityeṣā sṛṣṭiraditaḥ’’ (a0 178) iti avāntarapralayānantaraṃ tu manaḥ prabhṛtisṛṣṭāvabhidhānakrameṇaiva prāthamyaprāptirityeṣā sṛṣṭiradita iti niṣprayojano'nuvādaḥ syāt |

1.75

mano mahān sṛṣṭiṃ karoti paramātmanaḥsraṣṭumicchayā preryamāṇaṃ tasmādākāśamutpadyate| pūrvoktānusārārdahaṃkāratanmātrakrameṇākāśasya śabdaṃ guṇaṃ vidurmanvādayaḥ|

1.76

ākāśāttu vikārajanakātsurabhyasurabhigandhavahaḥ pavitro balavāṃśca vāyurutpadyate| sa ca sparśākhyaguṇavānmanvādīnāṃ saṃmataḥ|

1.77

vāyorapi teja utpadyate| virociṣṇu paraprakāśakaṃ tamonośanaṃ bhāsvatprakāśakam| tacca guṇarūpamabhidhīyate|

1.78

tejasa āpa utpadyante| tāśca rasaguṇayuktā adbhyo gandhaguṇayuktā bhūmirityeṣā mahāpralayānantarasṛṣṭyādau bhūtasṛṣṭiḥ| taireva bhūtairavāntarapralayānantaramapi bhūrādilokatrayanirmāṇam|

1.79

yatpūrva dvādaśavarṣasahasraparimāṇaṃ saṃdhyāsaṃdhyāṃśasahitaṃ manuṣyāṇāṃ caturyugaṃ devānāmekaṃ yugamuktaṃ tadekasaptatiguṇitaṃ manvantarākhyaḥ kāla iha śāstre'bhidhīyate| tatraikasya manoḥ sargādyadhikāraḥ|

1.80

yadyapi caturdaśamanvantarāṇi purāṇeṣu parigaṇyante, tathāpi sargapralayānāmānantyādasaṃkhyāni| āvṛttyā sargaḥ saṃhāraścāsaṃkhyaḥ| etatsarvaṃ krīḍanniva prajāpatiḥ punaḥ punaḥ kurute| sukhārthā hi pravṛttiḥ krīḍā| tasya cāptakāmatvānna sukhārthiteti ivaśabdaḥ prayuktaḥ| parame sthāne'nāvṛtalakṣaṇe tiṣṭhatīti parameṣṭhī| prayojanaṃ vinā paramātmanaḥ sṛṣṭyādau kathaṃ pravṛttiriti cellīlayaiva| evaṃ svabhāvatvādityarthaḥ| vyākhyāturiva karatāḍanādau| tathāca śārīrakasūtraṃ-‘‘lokavattu līlākaivalyam’’ (2/1/33) |

1.81

satyayuge sakalo dharmaścatuṣpātsarvāṅgasaṃpūrṇa āsīt| dharme mukhyapādāsaṃbhavāt| ‘‘vṛṣo hi bhagavāndharmaḥ’’ ityādyāgame vṛṣatvena kīrtanāttasya pādacatuṣṭayena saṃpūrṇatvātsatyayuge'pi dharmāṇāṃ sarvairaṅgaiḥ samagratvātsaṃpūrvatvaparo'yaṃ catuṣpācchabdaḥ| athavā tapaḥ paramityatra mununaiva tapojñānayajñadānānāṃ caturṇāṃ kīrtanāttasya pādacatuṣṭayena saṃpūrṇatvātpādatvena nirūpitāḥ satyayuge samagrā ityarthaḥ| tathā satyaṃ ca kṛtayugamāsīt| sakaladharmaśreṣṭhatvātsatyasya pṛthaggrahaṇam| tathā na śāstrātikrameṇa dhanavidyāderāgama utpattirmanuṣyānprati saṃpadyate |

1.82

satyayugādanyeṣu tretādiṣu āgamādadharmeṇa dhanavidyāderarjanāttasyaiva pūrvaśloke prakṛtatvāt| āgamādvedāditi tu govindarājo medhātithiśca| dharmo yāgādiḥ yathākramaṃ pratiyugaṃ pādaṃpādaṇāvaropito hīnaḥ kṛtastathā dhanavidyārjito'pi yo dharmaḥ pracarati so'pi cauryāsatyacchadmabhiḥ pratiyugaṃ pādaśo hāsāndryapagacchati| tretādiyugaiḥ saha caurikānṛtacchadmanāṃ na yathāsaṃkhyam| sarvatra sarveṣāṃ darśanāt |

1.83

roganimittādharmābhāvādarogāḥ sarvasiddhakāmyaphalāḥ pratibandhakādharmābhāvāccaturvarṣaśatāyuṣvaṃ ca svābhāvikam| adhikāyuḥ prāpakadharmavaśādadhikāyuṣo'pi bhavanti| tena “daśavarṣasahasrāṇi rāmo rājyamakārayat” ityādyavirodhaḥ| “śatāyurve puruṣaḥ” ityādiśrutau tu śataśabdo bahutvaparaḥ kaliparo vā| evaṃrūpā manuṣyāḥ kṛte bhavanti| tretādiṣu punaḥ pādaṃ pādamāyuralpaṃ bhavatīti |

1.84

“śatāyurve puruṣaḥ” ityādi vedoktamāyuḥ, karmaṇāṃ ca kāmyānāṃ phalaviṣayāḥ prārthanāḥ brāhmaṇādīnāṃ ca śāpānugrahakṣamatvādikrabhāvā yugānurūpeṇa phalanti|

1.85

kṛtayuge'nye dharmā bhavanti| tretādiṣvapi yugāpacayānurūpeṇādharmavailakṣaṇyam |

1.87

sa brahmā mahātejā asya sargasya samagrasya "agnau prāstāhutiḥ" (a0 3 ślo0 76) iti nyāyena rakṣārthaṃ mukhādijātānāṃ brāhmaṇādīnāṃ vibhāgena karmāṇi dṛṣṭādṛṣṭārthāni nirmitavān|

1.88

adhyāpanādīnāmiha sṛṣṭiprakaraṇe sṛṣṭiviśeṣatayābhidhānaṃ vidhisteṣāmuttaratra bhaviṣyati| adhyāpanādīni ṣaṭ karmāṇi brāhmaṇānāṃ kalpitavān |

1.89

prajārakṣaṇādīni kṣatriyasya karmāṇi kalpitavān| viṣayeṣu gītanṛtyavanitopabhogādiṣvaprasaktisteṣāṃ punaranāsevanam| samāsataḥ saṃkṣepeṇa|

1.90

paśūnāṃ pālanādīni vaiśyasya kalpitavān| vaṇikpathaṃ sthalajalādinā vāṇijyam| kusīdaṃ vṛddhyā dhanaprayogaḥ|

1.91

prabhurbrahmā śūdrasya brāhmaṇādivarṇatrayaparicaryātmakaṃ karma nirmitavān| ekameveti prādhānyapradarśanārthaṃ| dānāderapi tasya vihitatvāt| anasūyayā guṇānindayā |
idānīṃ prādhānyena sargarakṣaṇārthatvādvrāhmaṇasya tadupakramadharmābhidhānatvāccāsya śāstrasya brāhmaṇasya stutimāha-

1.92

sarvata eva puruṣo medhyaḥ, nābherūrdhvamatiśayena medhyaḥ, tato'pi sukhamasya .. medhyatamaṃ brahmaṇoktam |
tataḥ kimata āha—

1.93

uttamāṅgaṃ mukhaṃ tadudbhavatvāt kṣatriyādibhyaḥ pūrvotpannatvādadhyāpanavyākhyānādinā yuktasyātiśayena vedadhāraṇātsarvasyāsya jagato dharmānuśāsanena brāhmaṇaḥ prabhuḥ|‘‘saṃskārasya viśeṣāttu varṇānāṃ brāhmaṇaḥ prabhuḥ’’|
kasyottamāṅgādayamuddhata ityata āha—

1.94

taṃ brāhmaṇaṃ brahmā ātmīyamukhāddaivapitrye haviḥkavye vahanāya tapaḥ kṛtvā sarvasya jagato rakṣāyai ca kṣatriyādibhyaḥ prathamaṃ sṛṣṭavān|
pūrvoktahavyakavyavahanaṃ spaṣṭayati—

1.95

yasya viprasya mukhena śrāddhādau sarvadā devā havyāni pitaraśca kavyāni bhuñjate tato'nyatprakṛṣṭatamaṃ bhūtaṃ kiṃ bhavet|

1.96

bhūtārabdhānāṃ sthāvarajaṅgamānāṃ madhye prāṇinaḥ kīṭādayaḥ śreṣṭhāḥ| kadācitsukhale, śāt| teṣāmapi buddhijīvinaḥ sārthanirarthadeśopasarpaṇāpasarpaṇakāriṇaḥ paśvādayaḥ| tebhyo'pi manuṣyāḥ| prakṛṣṭajñānasaṃbandhāt| tebhyo'pi brāhmaṇāḥ sarvapūjyatvādapavargādhikārayogyatvācca |

1.97

brāhmaṇeṣu tu madhye vidvāṃso mahāphalajyotiṣṭomādikarmādhikāritvāt| tebhyo'pi kṛtabuddhayaḥ anāgate'pi kṛtaṃ mayeti buddhiryeṣām| śāstroktānuṣṭhāneṣūtpannakartavyatābuddhaya ityartha| tebhyo'pi anuṣṭhātāraḥ hitāhitaprāptiparihārabhāgitvāt| tebhyo'pi brahmavidaḥ mokṣalābhāt |

1.98

brāhmaṇadehajanmamātrameva dharmasya śarīramavināśi| yasmādasau dharmārthaṃ jātaḥ dharmānugṛhītātmajñānena mokṣāya saṃpadyate |

1.99

yasmādbrāhmaṇo jāyamānaḥ pṛthivyāmadhi upari bhavati śreṣṭha ityarthaḥ| sarvabhūtānāṃ dharmasamūharakṣāyai prabhuḥ| brāhmaṇopadiṣṭatvātsarvadharmāṇām|

1.100

yatkiñcijjagadgataṃ dhanaṃ tadbrāhmaṇasya svamiti stutyocyate| svamiva svaṃ na tu svameva| brāhmaṇasyāpi manunā steyasya vakṣyamāṇatvāt| tasmādbrahmamukhodbhavatvenābhijanena śreṣṭhatayā sarvaṃ brāhmaṇo'rhati sarvagrahaṇayogyo bhavatyeva| vai avadhāraṇe|

1.101

yatparasyāpyannaṃ brāhmaṇo bhuṅkte, parasya ca vastraṃ paridhatte, parasya gṛhītvānyasmai dadāti tadapi brāhmaṇasya svamiva| pūrvavatstutiḥ| evaṃ sati brāhmaṇasya kāruṇyādanya bhojanādi kurvanti|
idānīṃ prakṛṣṭabrāhmaṇakarmābhidhāyakatayā śāstrapraśaṃsāṃ prakramate-

1.102

brāhmaṇasya karmajñānārthaṃ śeṣāṇāṃ kṣatriyādīnāṃ ca svāyaṃbhuvo brahmaputro dhīmānsarvaviṣayajñānavānmanuridaṃ śāstraṃ viracitavān|

1.103

etacchāstrādhyayanaphalajñena brāhmaṇena etasya śāstrasya vyākhyānādhyāpanocitaṃ prayatnato'dhyayanaṃ kartavyaṃ śiṣyebhyaścedaṃ vyākhyātavyaṃ nānyena kṣatriyādinā| adhyayanamātraṃ tu vyākhyānādhyāpanarahitaṃ kṣatriyavaiśyayorapi “niṣekādiśmaśānāntaiḥ” (a0 2 ślo0 16) ityādinā vidhāsyate| anuvādamātrametaditi medhātithimatam| tanna manoharam| dvijairadhyayanaṃ brāhmaṇenaivādhyāpanavyākhyāne ityasyālābhāt| yattu “adhīyīraṃstrayo varṇā” (a0 10 ślo0 1) ityādi tadvedaviṣayamiti vakṣyati| vipreṇaivādhyāpanamiti vidhānena saṃbhavatyapyanuvādatvamasyeti vṛthā medhātithergrahaḥ|

1.104

idaṃ śāstraṃ paṭhannetadīya marthaṃ jñātvā śaṃsitavrato'nuṣṭhitavrataḥ manovākkāyasaṃbhavaiḥ pāpairna saṃbadhyate|

1.106

abhipretārthasyāvināśaḥ svasti tasyāyanaṃ prāpakaṃ etacchāstrasyādhyayanaṃ svastyayanaṃ japahomādibodhakatvācca śreṣṭhaṃ svastyayanāntarātprakṛṣṭaṃ buddhivivardhanam| etacchāstrābhyāsenā- śeṣavidhiniṣedhaparijñānāt| yaśase hitaṃ yaśasyaṃ vidvattayā khyātilābhātparaṃ prakṛṣṭam| niḥśreyasaṃ niḥśreyasasya mokṣasyopāyopadeśakatvāt|

1.107

asminkātsnryena dharmo'bhihita iti śāstrapraśaṃsā| karmaṇāṃ ca vihitaniṣiddhānāmiṣṭāniṣṭaphale| varṇacatuṣṭayasyaiva puruṣadharmarūpa ācāraḥ śāśvataḥ pāramparyāgataḥ| dharmatve'pyācārasya prādhānyakhyāpanāya pṛthaṅnirdeśaḥ|
prādhānyameva spaṣṭayati-

1.108

yukto yatnavān ātmahitecchuḥ| sarvasyātmāstīti ātmaśabdena ātmahitecchā lakṣyate|

1.109

ācārādvicyuto vipro na vaidikaṃ phalaṃ labhet| ācārayuktaḥ punaḥ samagraphalabhāgbhavati|

1.110

uktaprakāreṇācārāddharmaprāptimṛṣayo buddhvā tapasaścāndrāyaṇādeḥ samagrasya kāraṇamācāramanuṣṭheyatayā gṛhītavantaḥ| uttaratra vakṣyamāṇasyācārasyeha stutiḥ śāstrastutyarthā|
idānīṃ śiṣyasya sukhapratipattaye vakṣyamāṇārthānukramaṇikāmāha-

1.111

pāṣaṇḍagaṇadharmāṃścetyantaṃ jagadutpattiryathoktā| brāhmaṇastutiśca sargarakṣārthatvena| brāhmaṇasya śāstrastutyādikaṃ ca sṛṣṭāvevāntarbhavati| etatprathamādhyāyaprameyam| saṃskārāṇāṃ jātakarma ādīnāṃ vidhimanuṣṭhānaṃ, brahmacāriṇo vratācaraṇamupacāraṃ ca gurvādīnāmabhivādanopāsanādi| "sarvo dvandvo vibhāṣayaikavadbhavati" ityekavadbhāvaḥ| etaddvitīyādhyāyaprameyam| snānaṃ gurukulānnivartamānasya saṃskāraviśeṣastasya prakṛṣṭaṃ vidhānam|

1.112

dārādhigamanaṃ vivāhaḥ tadviśeṣāṇāṃ brāhmādīnāṃ ca lakṣaṇam| mahāyajñāḥ pañca vaiśvadevādyaḥ| śrāddhasya vidhiḥ śāśvataḥ pratisargamanādipravāhapravṛttyā nityaḥ| eṣa tṛtīyādhyāyyārthaḥ|

1.113

vṛttīnāṃ jīvanopāyānāṃ ṛtādīnāṃ lakṣaṇaṃ| snātakasya gṛhasthasya vratāni niyamāḥ| etaccaturthādhyāyaprameyam| bhakṣyaṃ dadhyādi, abhakṣyaṃ laśunādi, śaucaṃ maraṇādau brāhmaṇāderdaśāhādināṃ dravyāṇāṃ śuddhimūdakādinā|

1.114

strīṇāṃ dharmayogaṃ dharmopāyaṃ etatpāñcamikam| tāpasyaṃ tapase vānaprasthāya hitaṃ tasya dharmam| mokṣahetutvānmokṣaṃ yatidharmam| yatidharmatve'pi saṃnyāsasya pṛthagupadeśaḥ prādhānyajñāpanārthaḥ| eṣa ṣaṣṭhādhyāyarthaḥ| rājño'bhiṣiktasya sarvo dṛṣṭādṛṣṭārtho dharmaḥ| eṣa saptamādhyāyarthaḥ| kāryāṇāmṛṇādīnāmarthipratyarthisamarpitānāṃ vinirṇayo vicārya tattvanirṇayaḥ |

1.115

sākṣiṇāṃ ca praśne yadvidhānaṃ| vyavahārāṅgatve'pi sākṣipraśnasya vidhānanirṇayopāyatvātpṛthaṅnirdeśaḥ| etadāṣṭamikam| strīpuṃsayorbhāryāpatyoḥ sannidhāvasannidhau ca dharmānuṣṭhānaṃ ṛkthabhāgasya ca dharmam| yadyapi ṛkthabhāgo'pi kāryāṇāṃ ca vinirṇayamityanenaiva prāptastathāpyadhyāyabhedātpṛthaṅnirdeśaḥ| dyūtaviṣayo vidhirdyūtaśabdenocyate| kaṇṭakānāṃ caurādīnāṃ śodhanaṃ nirasanam |

1.116

1.117

saṃsāragamanaṃ dehāntaraprāptirūpaṃ uttamamadhyamādhamabhedena trividhaṃ śubhāśubhakarmahetukam| niḥśreyasamātmajñānaṃ sarvotkṛṣṭamokṣalakṣaṇasya śreyohetutvāt| karmaṇāṃ ca vihitaniṣiddhānāṃ guṇadoṣaparīkṣaṇam|

1.118

pratiniyatadeśe'nuṣṭhīyamāna deśadharmāḥ, brāhmaṇādijātiniyatā jātidharmāḥ, kulaviśeṣāśrayāḥ kuladharmāḥ, vedabāhyāgamasamāśrayā pratiṣiddhavratacaryā pāṣaṇḍaṃ tadyogātpuruṣo'pi pāṣaṇḍaḥ tannimittā ye dharmāḥ "pāṣaṇḍino vikarmasthān" (a0 4 ślo0 30) ityādayaḥ teṣāṃ pṛthagdharmānabhidhānāt| gaṇaḥ samūho vaṇigādīnām|

1.119

pūrvaṃ mayā pṛṣṭo manuryathedaṃ śāstramabhihitavāṃstathaivānyūnamanatiriktaṃ matsakāśācchṛṇuteti ṛṣīṇāṃ śraddhātiśayārthaṃ punarabhidhānam|
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