一切經音義 69

English (machine translation) 69

Language: English

69.1

Compiled by the Translation Śramaṇa Huilin

69.2

Sounds and Meanings of the Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, Ninth Case,

浮瓠 [Floating gourd] (The fanqie is 乎故 [hū + gù]. Guo Pu's commentary on the Erya says: '瓠 means a calabash bottle.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "gourd" semantic component and the phonetic 夸.' The sound of 夸 is 詡于 [xǔ + yú], also pronounced in the rising tone. Its form in the treatise with the "grass" radical as [荂*瓜] is a vulgar character).

69.6

Fascicle Eighty-Two

69.7

皴皮 [Chapped skin] (The fanqie is 七荀 [qī + xún]. The Picang says: '皴 means rough.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "skin" semantic component and the phonetic 夋. The sound of 夋 is the same as above.' The fanqie of 皵 is 七略 [qī + lüè]. Guo Pu's commentary on the Shanhaijing says: '皵 also means chapped skin.')

69.8

Fascicle Eighty-Three

69.9

矛𥎞 [Spear and lance] (The first character has the fanqie 莫侯 [mò + hóu]. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'A long spear, two zhang in length, mounted on war chariots; it is a pictograph.' Ancient and modern forms write it 𢦵. The second character has the fanqie 催筭 [cuī + suàn]. The Kaosheng says: '𥎞 means a short spear.' The Guangya says: '𥎞 is called a javelin.' The Wenzidian shuo says: 'It is formed with the "spear" semantic component and the phonetic 贊.' The fanqie of 鋋 is 口延 [kǒu + yán]).

69.10

鶖鷺 [Heron] (The first character has the sound of 秋 [qiū]. The second character has the fanqie 盧故 [lú + gù]. The name of a lake in the Western regions, and also the name of a bird).

69.11

蚇蠖 [Inchworm] (The fanqie is 鳥郭 [niǎo + guō]. The Kaosheng says: 'The name of an insect, commonly called the inchworm.')

69.12

塳𡋯 [Rising smoke] (The first character has the fanqie 僕蒙 [pú + méng]. The second character has the fanqie 盆沒 [pén + mò]. In the treatise text, 塳𡋯 describes the appearance of smoke and vapor. Currently it is written 𤑫烰, but neither character is found in character dictionaries).

69.13

婆斯瑟搋 [Vāsiṣṭhī] (The fanqie is 坼加 [chè + jiā]; Sanskrit, the name of a Brahmin's wife).

69.14

刮去 [Scrape away] (The fanqie is 開滑 [kāi + huá]. Zheng Xuan's commentary on the Liji says: '刮 means to shave off with a blade.' The Wenzidian shuo says: 'It is formed with the "knife" semantic component and the phonetic 舌. The sound of 舌 is 滑.')

69.15

矜𧧳 [Arrogant and haughty] (The fanqie is 若花 [ruò + huā]. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: '𧧳 is like arrogant and overbearing, exalting oneself excessively.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "speech" semantic component and the phonetic 𡗢, which is composed of 大 and [(巨-匚)*(十/十)]. The fanqie of 𡗢 is 枯化 [kū + huà].' The form with 夸 is incorrect).

69.16

Fascicle Eighty-Four

69.17

[病-丙+手]脹 [Swollen and bloated] (The first character has the fanqie 璞江 [pú + jiāng]. The Picang says: '胖 also means bloated.' The second character has the fanqie 張亮 [zhāng + liàng]. Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: '脹 means the abdomen is distended.' Ancient and modern correct characters both write them with the "flesh" radical and the phonetics 丰 and 長. Alternatively, they are written with the "sickness" radical as 庠 and 痮).

69.18

Fascicle Eighty-Five

69.19

[夕*巴]轉 [Toss and turn] (The fanqie is 冤遠 [yuān + yuǎn]. The Shuowen jiezi says: '[夕*巴]轉 means tossing and turning.' It is formed with the "evening" semantic component and the phonetic 巴, pronounced like 節. It is also written 宛, which is also acceptable).

69.20

抱弄 [Fondle and play with] (The first character has the fanqie 袍[曰/月] [páo + yuè]. The second character has the fanqie 籠東 [lóng + dōng]. Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: '弄 means to play with.' The Erya says: 'To handle playfully.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "two hands" semantic component and the phonetic 玉. The sound of 艸 is 拱.' The form 挊 in the treatise is incorrect).

69.21

Fascicle Eighty-Six

69.22

掉舉 [Restlessness (auddhatya)] (The fanqie is 條弔 [tiáo + diào]. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '掉 means to shake.' The Guangya says: 'To agitate.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "hand" semantic component and the phonetic 卓.')

69.23

Fascicle Eighty-Seven

69.24

有伺 [With sustained examination (sa-vicāra)] (The fanqie is 司利 [sī + lì]. Gu Yewang says: '伺 is like to watch.' Zheng Xuan's commentary on the Zhouli says: '伺 is like to inspect.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "person" semantic component and the phonetic 司.')

69.25

Fascicle Eighty-Eight (No characters glossed for meaning or pronunciation)

69.26

Fascicle Eighty-Nine

69.27

嫉𩋆 [Envy and stinginess] (The first character has the fanqie 秦悉 [qín + xī]. Wang Yi's commentary on the Chuci says: 'Harming the worthy is called 嫉.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It is formed with the "woman" semantic component and the phonetic 疾.' The second character has the fanqie 客顏 [kè + yán]. The Kaosheng says: '𩋆 means parsimonious.' Ancient and modern correct characters write it with the "leather" radical and the phonetic 臤. Its form in the treatise as 慳 is a vulgar character).

69.28

Fascicle Ninety

69.29

羯利藍頞部曇 [Kalala and arbuda] (The sound of 頞 is 按 [àn]. Sanskrit terms referring to the states of semen and blood when newly conceived, before bodily form is constituted, during the first and second weeks).

69.30

齅香 [Smell fragrance] (The fanqie is 休又 [xiū + yòu]. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'To apply the nose toward an odor. It is formed with the "nose" and "odor" semantic components, and odor is also phonetic.')

69.31

Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, Tenth Case

69.32

Fascicle Ninety-One, Fascicle Ninety-Two, Fascicle Ninety-Three, Fascicle Ninety-Four, Fascicle Ninety-Five, Fascicle Ninety-Six

69.33

(The texts of the above six fascicles are easy and are not glossed for sounds or meanings)

69.34

Fascicle 97

69.35

Āgama (阿笈摩, the initial syllable pronounced *qie* [i.e., 笈] in the *fanqie* combining 儉 and 輒).

69.36

Fascicle 98

69.37

Stout and fierce (勍𰚇: the first character *fanqie* 巨 + 迎. *Guangya* says: “勍 means valiant.” *Picang* says: “Stout.” The *Zuo zhuan* says: “A man who is stout and fierce (勍𰚇).” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Strong; composed of 力 [‘strength’] with 京 as phonetic.” The second character is *fanqie* 亭 + 歷).

69.38

Fascicle 99

69.39

Whirled and dispersed (飄散: the first character *fanqie* 匹 + 霄. The Commentary to the *Mao Poetry* says: “飄 is like blowing.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “A whirlwind; composed of 風 [‘wind’] with 票 as phonetic.” 飄 is the same. The second character is *fanqie* 珊 + 幹. Gu Yewang says: “散 means branching off, scattering, flying off and fleeing, not gathering.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “To scatter and fly off; composed of 攴 [‘strike’] with 昔 as phonetic.” Sometimes written with 雚 as 𱥙. The reading in the treatise is written as 散, a vulgar form).

69.40

Macaque (獼猴: the first character *fanqie* 蜜 + 𤰞; the second character *fanqie* 候 + 鉤. It is a place name in the Western Regions [Markaṭa]).

69.41

Fascicle 100

69.42

Berate and expel (訶擯: 擯 is *fanqie* 必 + 振. Sima Biao’s commentary to *Zhuangzi* says: “擯 means to cast out.” The *Shiji* says: “They ostracized each other.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 賓 as phonetic.” The reading in the treatise is written as 擯, a vulgar form).

69.43

*Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra*, Case Eleven

69.44

Fascicles 101 and 102 (both have no characters glossed)

69.45

Fascicle 103

69.46

Overturned soup (覆𦞦: the first character *fanqie* 峯 + 福. The *Cang Jie pian* says: “覆 means overturned.” *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 襾 [‘cover’] with 復 as phonetic.” The second character is *fanqie* 訶 + 各. Wang Yi’s commentary to the *Chuci* says: “With vegetables it is called *geng*; without vegetables it is called 𦞦 [broth].” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 肉 [‘meat’] with 𦞦 as phonetic.” Pronounced *fanqie* 呼 + 郭).

69.47

Snare and cord (羂索: the first character *fanqie* 㳙 + 兖. The *Guiyuan zhucong* says: “To encircle and bind an object with a cord to capture it is called 羂.” The *Zitong* writes it as 罥, saying: “To place a cord on a path; composed of 冈 with 肙 as phonetic.” The second character is *fanqie* 桑 + 各. Gu Yewang says: “Twisted cord is called 索.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Plants whose stems and leaves can be made into ropes and cords; composed of 糸 [‘silk’] and 巾 [‘cloth’]”).

69.48

Lance and spear (𨥨矟: the first character *fanqie* 莫 + 俟. The *Kaosheng* says: “A type of dagger-axe.” Already glossed above in Fascicle 83; sometimes written as 矛. The second character is *fanqie* 雙 + 捉. *Guangya* says: “矟 is a military weapon; also a spear.” *Picang* says: “A 矟 is one *zhang* and eight *chi* long.” *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 矛 [‘spear’] with 肖 as phonetic.” Written as 柟 in the treatise, which is incorrect).

69.49

Startled and terrified (驚駭: *fanqie* 行 + 騃. *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “駭 also means startled; composed of 馬 [‘horse’] with 亥 as phonetic.” 騃 is pronounced *fanqie* 崖 + 買).

69.50

Dig and chisel (掘鑿: the first character *fanqie* 羣 + 勿. The *Kaosheng* says: “掘 means to bore into, to sever; meaning to sever its roots.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 屈 as phonetic.” The second character is *fanqie* 藏 + 作. *Shenglei* says: “鑿 means to chisel.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “An implement for boring into wood; composed of 金 [‘metal’] with [(鑿-臼+(函-了))-金] also phonetic.” 鏨 is pronounced *fanqie* 雜 + 含).

69.51

Fascicle 104

69.52

Iron forceps (鐵鉆: *fanqie* 儉 + 炎. *Shuowen jiezi* says: “鉆 is iron pincers (䥫銸); composed of 金 [‘metal’] with 占 as phonetic.” In the treatise it is written as 鉗, which means iron cangues or iron restraints, not this sense. 銸 is pronounced 聶).

69.53

Shield and buckler (排盾: the first character *fanqie* 敗 + 埋; the second character *fanqie* 脣 + 準. Fully glossed above in Fascicle 21).

69.54

Defend and ward off (防捍: the first character *fanqie* 縛 + 亡; the second character *fanqie* 寒 + 案. Already glossed above in Fascicle 50).

69.55

Fascicle 105

69.56

Battlement parapet (陴𨺙: the first character *fanqie* 普 + 閇; the second character *fanqie* [生*兒] + 計. *Guangya* says: “Parapets (壀堄) are the embrasures on city walls.” *Cang Jie pian* says: “A low wall.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 阝 [‘wall/mound’] with 卑 and 兒 both phonetic.” In the treatise it is sometimes written with the person radical as 俾倪, which is also permissible).

69.57

Sow (母豬: 豬 is *fanqie* 陟 + 閭. Name of a lake/pond in the Western Regions [Varāhī]).

69.58

Ṣaṇḍha, etc. (扇搋等: *fanqie* 坼 + 加. Sanskrit [ṣaṇḍha, eunuch]).

69.59

Fascicles 106, 107, 108, 109, and 110

69.60

(The above five fascicles contain no words requiring glossing)

69.61

*Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra*, Case Twelve

69.62

Fascicles 111 and 112 (no words glossed)

69.63

Fascicle 113

69.64

Leap and prance (跳躍: the first character *fanqie* 調 + 寮; the second character *fanqie* 羊 + 灼. Gu Yewang says: “跳躍 means leaping and bounding.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Both characters are composed of 足 [‘foot’] with 兆 and 翟 as phonetics”).

69.65

Tares and barnyard grass (稊稗: the first character *fanqie* 弟 + 𪏭. The *Kaosheng* says: “稊 is the name of a weed.” *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 禾 [‘grain’] with 弟 as phonetic.” Also written as 蕛 or 苐. The second character is *fanqie* 陴 + 賣. Du Yu’s commentary to the *Zuo zhuan* says: “稗 is that which resembles grain.” *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 禾 [‘grain’] with 卑 as phonetic”).

69.66

Short-lived (短命: *fanqie* 端 + 夘. Character dictionaries say: “短 means brief, not long.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Regarding lengths, the arrow serves as standard; hence it is composed of 矢 [‘arrow’] with 豆 as phonetic.” In the treatise it is written with the hand radical as 𢭃, which is incorrect).

69.67

Fascicle 114

69.68

A brown bear (一羆: *fanqie* 彼 + 眉. *Erya* says: “The 羆 resembles a bear, but is yellow and white.” Guo Pu’s commentary says: “The 羆 has a long head, tall legs, is fierce and savage, possesses great strength, and can uproot trees; west of the Pass it is called the boar-bear (猳熊).” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Resembles a bear, yellow and white; composed of 熊 [‘bear’] with an abbreviated 羆 as phonetic.” The ancient character is [骨*(素-糸+辛)]. 猳 is pronounced *jia*).

69.69

Cyan and deep purple (青紺: *fanqie* 甘 + 憾. *Shuowen jiezi* says: “紺 means silk dyed cyan which displays a reddish tint; composed of 糸 [‘silk’] with 甘 as phonetic.” Sometimes written as 䋮 or 䌝).

69.70

Tear apart (擘以: *fanqie* 補 + 麥. *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “擘 means to rip apart; composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 辟 as phonetic”).

69.71

Fascicle 115

69.72

Gather many (攈多: *fanqie* 君 + 運. *Yunquan* says: “攈 means to gather.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Also to gather; composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 麇 as phonetic.” In the treatise it is written as 捃, which is also acceptable).

69.73

Massed arrows (欑[身*(秦-禾)]: the first character *fanqie* 殂 + 巒. Zheng Xuan’s commentary to the *Liji* says: “欑 means to gather together.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “To accumulate; composed of 木 [‘wood’] with 贊 as phonetic.” The second character is *fanqie* 食 + 亦. *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Arrows (𰸼) and crossbow bolts are released from the body to strike far away; composed of 身 [‘body’] with 𠂕 as phonetic.” The seal script writes it with 寸 [‘inch’], representing measurement; this agrees with the treatise).

69.74

Fascicle 116

69.75

Noisy clamour (誼擾: the first character *fanqie* 呼 + 元. *Shenglei* says: “Clamour and commotion.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 言 [‘speech’] with 宣 as phonetic.” The second character is *fanqie* 饒 + 少. The *Xiaosheng* says: “擾 means to perturb, to trouble someone.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “To trouble; composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 憂 as phonetic, pronounced *fanqie* 奴 + 刀.” The character is composed of 頁 and 已, signifying the restraining of hands and feet; taking it from 憂 is an error).

69.76

Two blisters (二皰: *fanqie* 蒲 + 皃. Refers to doctrinal principles).

69.77

Śikhaṇḍin, etc. (始褰持等: 褰 is *fanqie* 欺 + 乾. Sanskrit).

69.78

Execution (誅戮: *fanqie* 隆 + 竹. Jia Kui’s commentary to the *Guoyu* says: “戮 means to kill.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 戈 [‘spear’] with 翏 as phonetic”).

69.79

Beheading and exposing the head (梟首: *fanqie* [敲-高+日] + 遙. Gu Yewang says: “It refers to hanging a head above water or on top of a pole to expose its crime.” Also, *Guangya* says: “梟 means to expose.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “An inverted head.” Palace Attendant Jia says: “This refers to severing the head and hanging it inverted, which gives the character 梟.” In the treatise, 梟 is taken as the unfilial bird, which diverges from the sense of beheading).

69.80

Sacrifice and pray (祠禱: the first character *fanqie* 似 + 滋. The *Baihu tong* says: “A祠 [ancestral sacrifice] means to continue (嗣).” Gu Yewang says: “祠 is also a general name for sacrifices.” The second character is *fanqie* 刀 + 老. Zheng Xuan’s commentary to the *Liji* says: “Seeking blessings is called 禱; receiving blessings is called 祠.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Both characters are composed of 示 [‘spirit/altar’] with 司 and 壽 as phonetics”).

69.81

Cruel punishment (酷法: *fanqie* 空 + 谷. *Shuowen jiezi* writes it as 嚳, saying: “To harm someone with a tiger; composed of an abbreviated 學 with 告 as phonetic.” Also written as 俈. Nowadays it is commonly written as 酷, composed of 酉 [‘liquor’] with 告 as phonetic).

69.82

Summoning notice (書撽: *fanqie* 形 + 擊. The *Kaosheng* says: “A 撽 is a wooden tablet, two *chi* in length, used to write summons on and transmit them.” The *Shiji* refers to a winged檄, a missive listing crimes. *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 木 [‘wood’] with 敫 as phonetic.” 敫 is pronounced 擊).

69.83

Fascicle 117

69.84

Ghost mince (鬼膾: the first character *fanqie* 苦 + 回; the second character *fanqie* 古 + 外. *Guangya* says: “膾 means to slice finely; namely modern minced food”).

69.85

Python species (蟒類: the first character *fanqie* 忙 + 牓. *Erya* says: “The 蟒 is the king snake.” Guo Pu’s commentary says: “The 蟒 is the largest of snakes, hence called the king.” *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 虫 [‘serpent’] with 莾 as phonetic”).

69.86

Snare and capture (弶取: *fanqie* 強 + 向. Character dictionaries say: “A 弶 is a snare placed on a path to catch birds and beasts.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 弓 [‘bow’] with 京 as phonetic.” Writing it as 𣚦 is vulgar).

69.87

Fascicle 118

69.88

Beat in accompaniment (拊奏: *fanqie* 孚 + 武. Gu Yewang says: “拊 is like clapping/tapping.” The *Zhouli* says: “Assemble to play music, striking and tapping.” Zheng Zhong’s commentary says: “Either striking or tapping.” Kong Anguo’s commentary to the *Shangshu* says: “拊 also means to strike.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 付 as phonetic”).

69.89

Fascicle 119

69.90

In the granary pile ([禾*((朿-木+大)/貝)]中: *fanqie* 紫 + 錫. The *Kaosheng* says: “To accumulate.” Zheng Xuan’s commentary to the *Liji* says: “An abundance stored up is called an accumulation.” *Wenzi dianshuo* says: “Composed of 禾 [‘grain’] with 貴 as phonetic.” In the treatise it is written with the grass radical as 𧂐, which is incorrect).

69.91

Wipe and rub (揩拭: the first character *fanqie* 客 + 皆; the second character *fanqie* 十 + 軄. 揩 means to rub. Zheng Xuan’s commentary to the *Liji* says: “拭 means to clean.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Both are composed of 手 [‘hand’] with 皆 and 式 as phonetics”).

69.92

Fall prostrate (顛仆: the first character *fanqie* 典 + 年. Zheng Xuan’s commentary to the *Liji* says: “Falling flat is called 顛.” *Shuowen jiezi* says: “Composed of 頁 [‘head’] with 真 as phonetic.” Correctly written as 傎; written with two 真 in the treatise, which is incorrect. The second character is *fanqie* 蒲 + 北. *Shuowen jiezi* says: “To topple; composed of 人 [‘person’] with 卜 as phonetic”).

69.93

Drive away and expel (駈擯: 擯 is *fanqie* 必 + 刃. Fully glossed above in Fascicle 100).

69.94

Niche for spirits (靈龕: [龕 is pronounced] ku-gan fan; the Kaosheng says: "Chiseling the rock-face of a mountain to make a pit." The Guangya says: "龕 means to contain." The Wenzidian shuo says: "A place where Buddha images are placed; [the character] takes 龍 ('dragon') as semantic and 今 as phonetic." The popular form written with 合 as 龕 is incorrect).

69.95

Pitfall trap (機阱: [阱 is pronounced] qing-jing fan; the Kaosheng says: "A pitfall is digging into the earth to ensnare beasts." The Wenzidian shuo says: "Takes 𨸏 as semantic and 井 as phonetic." In the treatise it is written with 穴 as 穽, which is also permissible. In ancient times it was written as 汬).

69.96

Spying upon (覘望: [覘 is pronounced] chian-lian fan; Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "覘 means to spy upon." Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: "覘 means peeping and observing." The Wenzidian shuo says: "Takes 見 as semantic and 占 as phonetic").

69.97

Lame and dull (蹇鈍: the upper character [蹇] is pronounced jian-yan fan; the Kaosheng says: "蹇 means difficult." The Shuowen says: "蹇 means lame; it takes 足 as semantic and the abbreviated 寒 as phonetic." The lower character [鈍] is pronounced tu-kun fan; the Cang Jie pian says: "鈍 means stubborn." The Shenglei says: "鈍 means not sharp." The Shuowen says: "It takes 金 as semantic and 毛 as phonetic").

69.98

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty

69.99

Embryo and membrane (胎膜: the upper character [胎] is pronounced dai-lai fan; the Guangya says: "At three months it is called an embryo." Gu Yewang says: "Not yet born." The Shuowen says: "A woman's pregnancy at two months; it takes 肉 ('flesh') as semantic and 台 as phonetic." The lower character [膜] is pronounced mang-bo fan; the Shuowen says: "The membrane between the flesh; it takes 肉 ('flesh') as semantic and 莫 as phonetic").

69.100

Mosquitoes and gnats (蚊蜹: the upper character [蚊] is pronounced wu-fen fan; the Shuowen writes it as 蟁: "A flying insect that bites people; it takes 䖵 as semantic and 民 as phonetic." The lower character [蜹] is pronounced er-rui fan; the Guoyu says: "Gnats, moths, bees, and scorpions can all harm people." Gu Yewang says: "There is currently an insect resembling a gnat that bites people, which is called 'containing venom'; it is this very thing." The Shuowen says: "Qin calls it 蜹; Chu calls it 蚊; it takes 虫 as semantic and 芮 as phonetic").

69.101

Tiny midges (蠛蠓: the upper character [蠛] is pronounced mian-jie fan; the lower character [蠓] is pronounced meng-dong fan; the Zhuangzi says: "The louse to the tree is like the tiny midge to the earth." Gu Yewang says: "Small flying insects." Guo's commentary on the Erya says: "Small insects resembling gnats." The Shuowen says both take 虫 as semantic, with 蔑 and 蒙 as phonetics).

69.102

Crawling insect (蚔行: [蚔 is pronounced] ji-yi fan; the Kaosheng says: "蚔 is a hairy insect." The Shuowen says: "A frog; it takes 虫 as semantic and 氏 as phonetic." Frog (蛙) is pronounced kou-gui fan).

69.103

Trampling (踐蹋: the upper character [踐] is pronounced qian-jian fan; the Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: "踐 describes the appearance of walking." Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: "踐 means stepping upon; ascending." The lower character [蹋] is pronounced tan-[門@(舄-臼+下)] fan; the Guangya says: "蹋 also means stepping upon." The Shuowen says: "Also means stepping upon." Both characters take 足 as semantic, with 戔 and [日/羽] as phonetics. In the treatise it is written as 蹹, which is a vulgar character).

69.104

Tearing apart (摑裂: the upper character [摑] is pronounced gu-huo fan; the lower character [裂] is pronounced lian-xi fan; the Guangya says: "裂 means to divide." Character dictionaries say: "To tear open." The Wenzidian shuo says: "Takes 衣 as semantic and 列 as phonetic").

69.105

Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, Case Thirteen

69.106

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-one

69.107

Planting and harvesting (稼穡: the upper character [稼] is pronounced jia-xia fan; the lower character [穡] is pronounced suo-ji fan; already explained above in Fascicle Twenty-one).

69.108

Reaching up to (逮𠢧: [逮 is pronounced] tai-zai fan; the Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: "逮 means reaching to." The Shuowen says: "Takes 辵 as semantic and 聿 as phonetic").

69.109

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-two (no characters with phonetic glosses)

69.110

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-three

69.111

Weiwu-feizi (渭物㩌子: [㩌 is pronounced] [夗-夕+月]-wei fan; Sanskrit).

69.112

Skeleton (骸骨: [骸 is pronounced] xie-gai fan; Gu Yewang says: "骸 is the collective name for the bones of the body." The Shuowen says: "Takes 骨 as semantic and 亥 as phonetic").

69.113

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-four

69.114

Pecking and eating (唼食: [唼 is pronounced] zi-da fan; the Picang says: "噆 means to bite flesh." The Zhuangzi says: "Mosquitoes and horseflies sucking the skin." The Shuowen says: "To hold in the mouth; takes 口 as semantic and 妾 as phonetic." It is also written as 𠯗; the standard form is 𠾱).

69.115

Salty and saline (鹹鹵: the upper character [鹹] is pronounced qia-xian fan; the Erya says: "鹹 means bitter." Guo's commentary says: "'Bitter' means exceedingly salty." The Shuowen says: "The flavor of the north; it takes 鹵 as semantic and 咸 as phonetic." The lower character [鹵] is pronounced lu-gu fan; the Shuowen says: "鹵 is the saline land of the west; moreover, the west calls it 鹵; it takes the abbreviated 西 as semantic, with 鹵 picturing the appearance of salt").

69.116

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-five

69.117

Hook and bait (鉤餌: the upper character [鉤] is pronounced gou-hou fan; the Kaosheng says: "鉤 means to catch; to bend; to pull." Gu Yewang says: "鉤 means a hook." The Shuowen says: "Takes 金 as semantic and 句 as phonetic." The lower character [餌] is pronounced er-zhi fan; the Cang Jie pian says: "餌 means food." The Da Dai Liji says: "The bait captured by eagles, falcons, fish, and turtles." The Shuowen says: "Takes 食 as semantic and 耳 as phonetic").

69.118

Whipping and flogging (鞭撻: the upper character [鞭] is pronounced bi-mian fan; Gu Yewang says: "鞭 uses leather to strike offenders." The Shuowen says: "Takes 革 as semantic and 便 as phonetic." The lower character [撻] is pronounced ta-da fan; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "撻 means to beat with a cane." Zheng Xuan says: "To assist." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Takes 手 as semantic and 達 as phonetic." Ancient script writes it as 撻. In the treatise it is written with 草 as 靼, pronounced zhe, which does not convey the meaning).

69.119

Pilāṭa (媲邏吒: the upper character [媲] is pronounced pi-ji fan; the middle character [邏] is pronounced luo-he fan; the lower character [吒] is pronounced cha-xia fan; Sanskrit).

69.120

Imprisoned and shackled (囚縶: [縶 is pronounced] zhen-li fan; Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "縶 means to bind and fetter." Already explained in detail above in Fascicle Fifty).

69.121

Hiding and fleeing (藏竄: [竄 is pronounced] qi-luan fan; Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: "竄 means to conceal oneself." Gu Yewang says: "竄 is like fleeing." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Compound ideograph taking 穴 and 鼠").

69.122

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-six

69.123

Vāsiṣṭhī (婆私瑟𢮎: [𢮎 is pronounced] qi-jia fan; Sanskrit).

69.124

Unicorn's horn (麟角: [麟 is pronounced] li-zhen fan; already fully explained in Fascicle Seven of this treatise).

69.125

Tranquil and still (恬寂: the upper character [恬] is pronounced dian-jian fan; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: "恬 means peaceful." The Fangyan says: "Quiet." It takes 心 as semantic and 舌 as phonetic; it is also a compound ideograph).

69.126

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-seven

69.127

Roaring (哮吼: the upper character [哮] is pronounced xiao-jiao fan; the Picang says: "哮 means shouting in great rage." The Gujin zhengzi says: "哮 is the frightened cry of a pig; it takes 口 as semantic and 孝 as phonetic." The lower character [吼] is pronounced xu-gou fan; the Kaosheng says: "A great crying out; the roar of oxen and tigers is called 吼." The Gujin zhengzi writes it as 吽, referring to the sound of beasts; it takes 牛 as semantic and 口 as phonetic; it is also written as 拘 or 呴).

69.128

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-eight

69.129

Mosquitoes and midges (蚊蠛: the upper character [蚊] is pronounced wu-fen fan; the lower character [蠛] is pronounced mian-jie fan; already fully explained above in Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty).

69.130

Fascicle One Hundred and Twenty-nine (no characters with phonetic glosses)

69.131

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty

69.132

Drinking and sucking (飲吮: [吮 is pronounced] xuan-yan fan; the Jixun says: "吮 means sucking with the mouth." The Shuowen says: "吮 means to suck; it takes 口 as semantic and 允 as phonetic." In the treatise it is written as 𠵷, which is incorrect; it is also written as 冤).

69.133

Molten copper (鎔銅: the upper character [鎔] is pronounced yong-zhong fan; the Hanshu says: "Like metal in the mold, cast solely by the smelter." The Shuowen says: "The mold for smelting utensils; it takes 金 as semantic and 容 as phonetic").

69.134

Palate (舌𰯆: [𰯆 is pronounced] ang-ge fan; the Kaosheng says: "𰯆 means the gums." The Shuowen writes it as 㖾. In the treatise it is written with 口 as 𰈬, which is incorrect).

69.135

Sandbank (沙潬: [潬 is pronounced] tan-lan fan; the Erya says: "潬 means emerged sand." The Kaosheng says: "Sand emerging from the water." The Shuowen says: "Takes 水 as semantic and 單 as phonetic").

69.136

Sighing and lamenting (嗟惋: the upper character [嗟] is pronounced jie-xie fan; the Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: "嗟 is an expression of sighing." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Sighing in sorrow; it takes 口 as semantic and 差 as phonetic." The lower character [惋] is pronounced wu-huan fan; the Kaosheng says: "惋 means lamenting in regret." The Wenzi jilüe says: "Astounded and marveling; it takes 心 as semantic and 宛 as phonetic").

69.137

Spear and javelin (𨥨𥎞: the upper character [𨥨] is pronounced mo-hou fan; explained above in Fascicle One Hundred and Three; anciently written as 矛. The lower character [𥎞] is pronounced cang-huan fan; the Kaosheng says: "𥎞 is a short spear; the southern Yue call it 𥍟." The Guangya says: "𥎞 is called 鋋." The Gujin zhengzi says: "Takes 矛 as semantic and 贊 as phonetic." In ancient script it is [矛*(?/衣)]. In the current text of the treatise it is written as 攢, which is incorrect).

69.138

Abhidharma-mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, Case Fourteen

69.139

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty-one

69.140

Stepping and treading (登躡: [躡 is pronounced] nian-zhe fan; the Fangyan says: "躡 means to ascend." The Guangya says: "To tread upon." The Shuowen says: "To step on; it takes 足 as semantic and 聶 as phonetic").

69.141

Yuzhe-zhuntuo (欲遮準陀: 準 is pronounced zhu-yun fan; Sanskrit).

69.142

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty-two

69.143

Mixed together (相糅: [糅 is pronounced] nü-jiu fan; Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: "揉 means mixed." The Wenzidian shuo says: "Takes 米 as semantic and 柔 as phonetic." The standard form is 粈).

69.144

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty-three

69.145

Vāta-bhairava (畔喋婆: 喋 is pronounced tu-xie fan; Sanskrit for the great cataclysmic wind).

69.146

Soaring and leaping (飜騰: the upper character [飜] is pronounced fu-yuan fan; the Guangya says: "飜 means flying." Gu Yewang says: "飜 means flying high away." The Shuowen says: "Takes 飛 as semantic and 番 as phonetic; it is also written as 翻." The lower character [騰] is pronounced deng-deng fan; the Han Commentary on the Shijing says: "騰 means to mount; there is none who does not mount the deep." The Guangya says: "騰 means to gallop." The Shuowen says: "To gallop; it takes 馬 as semantic and the abbreviated 騰 as phonetic." Those written with 勝 taking 舟 or 月 are incorrect).

69.147

Plowing and driving (耕馭: [馭 is pronounced] yu-ju fan; the Wenzidian shuo says: "馭 means driving a horse; it takes 馬 and 又; the same as 御").

69.148

Striking (𭢗擊: the upper character [𭢗] is pronounced cu-huan fan; already explained above in Fascicle One Hundred and Fifteen).

69.149

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty-four

69.150

Entangled (縈纏: the upper character [縈] is pronounced yi-ying fan; the Mao Commentary on the Shijing says: "縈 means to wind around." The Shuowen says: "To coil and wind; it takes 糸 as semantic and the abbreviated 熒 as phonetic." The lower character [纏] is pronounced che-lian fan; the Shuowen says: "纏 means to bind; it takes 糸 as semantic and 廛 as phonetic").

69.151

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty-five

69.152

Pushing and shoving (擺揬: the upper character [擺] is pronounced ba-mai fan; the Guangya says: "埤 means to open." The Kaosheng says: "擺 means waving the hand." The Shuowen says: "Striking with both hands; it takes 手 as semantic and 罷 as phonetic." It is also written as 押; writing it in the treatise as 擺 is mistaken. The lower character [揬] is pronounced tu-ne fan; the Guangya says: "揬 means to protect." Character dictionaries say: "揬 means to rub." The Shuowen says: "Takes 手 as semantic and 突 as phonetic." 突 takes 穴 and 犬; in the treatise writing it with 山 as 突 is incorrect).

69.153

Fascicle One Hundred and Thirty-six

69.154

緝[糸*((朿-木+大)/貝)] (the first character is *qin* combined with *ru* [fanqie: qin-ru]; Mao's commentary on the Shijing says: “緝 means to continue.” The second character is *jing* combined with *xi* [fanqie: jing-xi]; Guo's commentary on the Erya says: “It means to continue or carry on.” The Shuowen also says: “緝 means to continue.” Both characters are formed with the silk radical [糹], with 責 and 咠 as their phonetic components).

69.155

毳時 (the first character is *chuan* combined with *rui* [fanqie: chuan-rui]; Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: “毳 refers to the fine underfur of hair.” Zheng Zhong says: “毳 means fine woolen felt clothing.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with three 毛 [hair] characters”).

69.156

抖擻 (the first character is *dou* combined with *kou* [fanqie: dou-kou]; the second character is *su* combined with *hou* [fanqie: su-hou]; the Kaosheng says: “抖擻 means to shake or flutter.” 涑 is pronounced *sou* combined with *si* [fanqie: sou-si]).

69.157

Fascicle 137 (no words glossed for sound or meaning).

69.158

Fascicle 138

69.159

須鐮 (the first character is *si* combined with *zhu* [fanqie: si-zhu]; the Shuowen states that it is formed with 彡 and 頁. Gu Yewang says: “The character 須 meaning ‘what is needed’ or ‘to wait’ is written with 彡; written with 水 [氵], it is 須 and pronounced *hui*. Popular usage has employed it for a long time now, so it is temporarily followed here.” The second character is *lian* combined with *yan* [fanqie: lian-yan]; the Kaosheng says: “A 鎌 is an implement used to reap things.” The Fangyan says: “To reap with a hook.” The Shuowen says: “A sickle.” It is formed with 金 with 兼 as its phonetic component; sometimes written as 鐮, which is also interchangeable; 𠚸 is pronounced *gou* [hook]).

69.160

須插 (the second character is *chu* combined with *qia* [fanqie: chu-qia]; the Shenglei says: “插 means to pierce an object so as to insert something into it.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 手 [扌], with 𠚏 as its phonetic component. The character 𠚏 is formed with 千 and 臼”).

69.161

Fascicle 139 and Fascicle 140 (no words glossed for sound or meaning).

69.162

Abhidharma Mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, Case 15

69.163

Fascicle 141

69.164

膠濘 (the first character is *jiao* combined with *xiao* [fanqie: jiao-xiao], already glossed in Fascicle 78; the second character is *ning* combined with *ding* [fanqie: ning-ding]; Du's commentary on the Zuo Zhuan says: “濘 means mire.” The Kaosheng says: “Mud and mire.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 水 [氵], with 寧 as its phonetic component.” 淖 is pronounced *nü* combined with *jiao* [fanqie: nü-jiao]).

69.165

局故 (the first character is *kai* combined with *yu* [fanqie: kai-yu]; Mao's commentary on the Shijing says: “𡱈 means bent or coiled.” The Guangya says: “Close.” The Shuowen says: “𡱈 means cramped. Formed with 口 beneath 尺, curving around it; a pictograph”).

69.166

Fascicle 142

69.167

匍匐 (the first character is *pu* combined with *bu* [fanqie: pu-bu]; the second character is *peng* combined with *bei* [fanqie: peng-bei]; Mao's commentary on the Shijing says: “匍匐 speaks of exhausting one's strength.” Gu Yewang says: “Crawling on hands.” The Shuowen says: “匍 means walking on hands; [匍匐 means] prostrating on the ground.” Both characters are formed with 勹, with 甫 and 畐 as their phonetic components; 勹 is pronounced *bao*).

69.168

灘磧 (the first character is *ta* combined with *dan* [fanqie: ta-dan]; the Shuowen says: “Where water rushes forcefully and then dries up. Formed with 水 [氵], with 灘 as its phonetic component.” The second character is *qing* combined with *li* [fanqie: qing-li]; the Guangya says: “磧 means rapids, where water is shallow and stones are exposed.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 石, with 𧵩 as its phonetic component”).

69.169

如穴 (the second character is *xuan* combined with *jue* [fanqie: xuan-jue]; Mao's commentary on the Shijing says: “Boring into the earth is called 穴 [cave or pit].” The Shuowen says: “An earthen dwelling; formed with 宀 and 八.” In the treatise it is written as 穴, which is an error).

69.170

Fascicle 143

69.171

如[卸-ㄗ+(坐-土+(一/廾))] (pronounced *bing* combined with *ming* [fanqie: bing-ming]; Gu Yewang says: “A pitcher (缾) is a vessel for drawing water.” The Wenzi dianshuo says: “Formed with [午/止], with 并 as its phonetic component”).

69.172

錯謬 (the first character is *cang* combined with *luo* [fanqie: cang-luo]; the Kaosheng says: “錯 means mistake or error.” Gu Yewang says: “錯 meaning to intermingle or disorder is written with 辵 as 𨗀.” The Shuowen says: “It means to cross. Formed with 辵, with 㫺 as its phonetic component.” The second character is *mei* combined with *you* [fanqie: mei-you]; Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: “謬 means error.” The Shuowen says: “Words expressing the intention of a madman. Formed with 言, with 翏 as its phonetic component”).

69.173

Fascicle 144 (no words glossed for sound or meaning).

69.174

Fascicle 145

69.175

摩摩异多 (the character 异 is pronounced *yu* combined with *zhi* [fanqie: yu-zhi]; Sanskrit [mamatā]).

69.176

Fascicle 146 (no words glossed for sound or meaning).

69.177

Fascicle 147

69.178

蹲坐 (the first character is *cu* combined with *hun* [fanqie: cu-hun]; the Shuowen says: “蹲 means to crouch or squat. Formed with 足, with 尊 as its phonetic component.” 踞 is pronounced *ju* combined with *yu* [fanqie: ju-yu]).

69.179

Fascicle 148

69.180

埏埴 (the first character is *she* combined with *zhan* [fanqie: she-zhan]; the Huainanzi says: “挻 means pressing clay to make vessels.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 手 [扌], with 延 as its phonetic component; written with 土 as 埏 is incorrect.” The second character is *shi* combined with *zhi* [fanqie: shi-zhi]; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: “Sticky clay is called 埴.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 土, with 直 as its phonetic component”).

69.181

憒閙 (the first character is *hui* combined with *wai* [fanqie: hui-wai]; the second character is *na* combined with *xiao* [fanqie: na-xiao]; already glossed in full in Fascicle 26 above).

69.182

Fascicle 149

69.183

粖薪 (the first character is *mang* combined with *bo* [fanqie: mang-bo]; the second character is *xi* combined with *jin* [fanqie: xi-jin]; a medicine name from the Western regions, equivalent to using tinder and mugwort to kindle fire in this country; 佮 is pronounced *gan* combined with *he* [fanqie: gan-he]).

69.184

指拈 (the second character is *nian* combined with *tian* [fanqie: nian-tian]; the Guangya says: “拈 means to hold with the fingers.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 手 [扌], with 占 as its phonetic component.” In the treatise it is written as 捻, which is a vulgar character).

69.185

眩亂 (the first character is *xuan* combined with *juan* [fanqie: xuan-juan]; Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: “眩 means confused; also, dizzy and blinded.” The Shuowen says: “The eyes lacking a fixed master. Formed with 目, with 玄 as its phonetic component”).

69.186

Fascicle 150

69.187

朅地羅鈎 (the first character is *qian* combined with *qie* [fanqie: qian-qie]; the third character is *gou* combined with *hou* [fanqie: gou-hou]; Sanskrit [khadirāṅkuśa]).

69.188

挑善行眼 (the first character is *tiao* combined with *liao* [fanqie: tiao-liao]; the Shenglei says: “挑 is like gouging out (抉).” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 手 [扌], with 兆 as its phonetic component.” 抉 is pronounced *yi* combined with *jue* [fanqie: yi-jue]).

69.189

𡑅迮 (the first character is *an* combined with *jia* [fanqie: an-jia]; Du's commentary on the Zuo Zhuan says: “𡑅 is also 笮 [pressed or blocked], what the Liji calls ‘suppressed and constrained’.” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 土, with 猒 as its phonetic component.” The second character is *zheng* combined with *ge* [fanqie: zheng-ge]; the Shenglei says: “迮 means pressed or crowded.” The Kaosheng says: “Narrow and cramped.” The Wenzi dianshuo says: “Formed with 辵, with 乍 as its phonetic component; also written as 窄”).

69.190

金絛 (pronounced *ji* combined with *lao* [fanqie: ji-lao]; Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli says: “Its breast-collars and reins were adorned with braided silk ribbons.” The Kaosheng says: “A 絛 is braided thread, like a cord.” The Shuowen says: “Braided work; formed with 糸, with 條 abbreviated as phonetic component.” In the treatise it is written with 韋 as 韜, or as 縚, both of which are incorrect).

69.191

撓攪 (the first character is *hao* combined with *gao* [fanqie: hao-gao]; the Guangya says: “撓 means to throw into disorder.” The Shuowen says: “To agitate. Formed with 手 [扌], with 堯 as its phonetic component; also written as 薅.” In the treatise it is written as 㧌, which is incorrect. The second character is *jiao* combined with *qiao* [fanqie: jiao-qiao]; Mao's commentary on the Shijing says: “攪 means to disrupt.” The Zishu says: “To perturb (撓).” The Shuowen says: “Formed with 手 [扌], with 覺 as its phonetic component”).

69.192

Abhidharma Mahāvibhāṣā-śāstra, Case 16

69.193

Fascicle 151

69.194

蠐螬 (the first character is *ji* combined with *ji* [fanqie: ji-ji]; the second character is *zao* combined with *zao* [fanqie: zao-zao]; already explained in full in Fascicle 27 above).

69.195

風飈 (pronounced *biao* combined with *yao* [fanqie: biao-yao]; Guo's commentary on the Erya says: “A 飈 is a violent whirlwind rising from below.” Shizi says: “A violent whirlwind [rising fiercely] is a 飊.” The Wenzi dianshuo says: “Formed with 風, with 猋 as its phonetic component”).

69.196

Fascicle 152 (no words glossed for sound or meaning).

69.197

Fascicle 153

69.198

打揵穉 (the second character is *ci* combined with *jian* and *yan* [fanqie: ci-jian-yan]; the third character is *chi* combined with *zhi* [fanqie: chi-zhi]; Sanskrit [ghaṇṭā]).

69.199

Fascicle 154

69.200

翅翮 (the first character is *shi* combined with *zhi* [fanqie: shi-zhi]; the Shuowen writes it as 翄, meaning ‘wings’; formed with 羽 and 支; also written as 翨 or 忯. The second character is *xing* combined with *ge* [fanqie: xing-ge]; Guo's commentary on the Erya says: “A 翮 is the quill-root of a bird's feather.” The Shuowen says: “The quill-shaft of a feather; formed with 羽, with 鬲 as its phonetic component”).

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一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese