The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 6.37

Bhāratabhāvadīpa 6.37

Language: Sanskrit

tamevaṃlakṣaṇamupādhito niṣkṛṣṭaṃ kṣetrajñaṃ cātkṣetramapi māṃ parameśvaramevobhayarūpeṇa santaṃ viddhi | “tattvamasyahaṃ brahmāsmi” “brahmaivedaṃ sarvaṃ sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma” iti śāstrāt | yasmādubhayātmāhaṃ tasmātkṣetrakṣetrajñayoryajjñānaṃ kṣetrasya bādhyatvena kṣetrajñasya sarvabādhāvadhibhūtatvena ca yajjñānamāparokṣyeṇa tattvaniścayastadeva jñānaṃ mama madviṣayaṃ samyagjñānam etayoreva jñānaṃ brahmajñānamiti mataṃ niścitaṃ brahmavidbhiḥ “neha nānāsti kiñcana” iti kṣetrasya bādhāt “nānyoto'sti draṣṭā” iti kṣetrajñādanyasya draṣṭurniṣedhācca | yadyapi sarvasya brahmābhinnatvādyatkiñcidapi jñānaṃ tatsarvaṃ brahmaviṣayameva bhavati | tathāpi rajjuṃ sarpātmanā paśyato na tu rajjuviṣayaṃ sarpaviṣayaṃ vā samyagjñānamasti | nāpi tasya jñānasya rajjuvyatirekeṇa viṣayāntaraṃ vāstavamasti | kintu yadā sarpabādhena rajjutattvamadhigacchati tadaiva sarpaṃ mithyāyamiti samyagjānāti rajjuṃ ca | tadvadihāpyubhayavideva samyagjñānītyarthaḥ | nahyanyatarasya tattve jñāte kṛtakṛtyatāsti | na hi sāṅkhyo nirviśeṣātmavidapi prapañcamabādhamānaḥ śūnyavādī vā prapañcaṃ tucchatvena paśyannadhiṣṭhānaṃ brahma nāstīti bruvāṇaḥ kṛtakṛtyo bhavatīti vaktuṃ yuktam | ato dvayorapi tattvaṃ bodhyameva ||

6.37.3

kṣetrakṣetrajñapade vivarītumārabhate -- taditi | yaccedaṃ kṣetraṃ nirdiṣṭaṃ tat yādṛk yādṛśaṃ svakīyairdharmairasti | yadvikāri ye ca tasya vikārāḥ yataśca yat yasmādvikārādyajjāyata iti prāñcaḥ | tatpūrvoktaṃ kṣetraṃ yacca yatsvarūpaṃ yādṛk yatprakārakaṃ yadvikāri ye ca tasya vikārāḥ yataśca kṣetrāvayavādyajjāyate tat śṛṇu | tathā sa ca kṣetrajñaḥ yo yatsvarūpaḥ yatprabhāvaśca tadapi mattaḥ śṛṇu ||

6.37.4

vakṣyamāṇe'rthe pramāṇamāha -- ṛṣibhiriti | ṛṣibhirvasiṣṭhādyairbahudhā gītaṃ yogavāsiṣṭhādau pratipāditam | chandobhirvedairmantrairvā pṛthak pratiśākhamanekaprakāraṃ gītam | brahmasūtrapadaiḥ brahmaṇaḥ sūcakāni padāni samuccitya vākyabhāvamāpannāni tairbrahmasūcakairbrāhmaṇavākyaiḥ | tattvamasītyādyairityarthaḥ | hetumadbhiḥ “annena somya śuṅgenāpomūlamanviccha adbhiḥ somya śuṅgena tejomūlamanviccha tejasā somya śuṅgena sanmūlamanviccha sanmūlāḥsomyemāḥ prajāḥ” ityādinā kāryaliṅgānyanumānāni brahmādhigamāya pradarśayanto hetavastadvadbhiḥ | viniścitairasakṛdabhyāsena sakalaśaṅkāpaṅkakṣālanena niścitārthaiḥ kṣetrakṣetrajñayoḥ svarūpametaiḥ sarvairyadgītaṃ tacchṛṇviti pūrveṇa sambandhaḥ ||

6.37.5

tacca yacca yādṛk ca yadvikāri cetyetadvyācaṣṭe -- mahābhūtānīti | cakāro bhinnakramo buddhiśceti buddhipadādupari draṣṭavyaḥ | yatkṣetraṃ śarīrākhyamuktaṃ tadavyaktameva | “śarīraṃ rathameva tu” iti śrutau avyaktapadena tasyaiva grahaṇāt | kṣetrasvarūpamuktvā tatprakāramāha -- mahābhūtānyahaṅkāro buddhiśceti saptaprakārairaṅkuritam | mahābhūtaśabdena pañcatanmātrā ucyante | ahaṅkāro buddhiriti mahattattvamucyate | svapne hi etānyeva karaṇāni bhāsante tatprakāraka eva bhūtagaṇa iti tāvatprakārakameva kṣetramityuktam | yadvikārītyasyottaramāha -- indriyāṇīti | indriyāṇi daśaikaṃ cetyekādaśa | pañca jñānendriyāṇi śrotratvakcakṣūrasanaghrāṇāni pañca karmendriyāṇi vākpāṇipādapāyūpasthākhyāni manaścetyekādaśa | indriyāṇāṃ gocarā viṣayāḥ sthūlā viyadādayaḥ pañca ayaṃ ṣoḍaśako vikāra eva | etānyeva sāṅkhyaiścaturviṃśatitattvāni gaṇyante | etāvāṃstvasmākaṃ viśeṣaḥ | taiḥ svatantrā satyā ca prakṛtirucyate asmābhirmāyārūpā mithyā īśvarādhīnā cocyata iti | tathā ca śrutiḥ “māyāṃ tu prakṛtiṃ vidyānmāyinaṃ tu maheśvaram” iti | tasmātsāṅkhyaprakriyātra bhagavatāśriteti na bhramitavyam ||

6.37.6

yataśca vikārādyajjāyata ityuktaṃ tadāha -- iccheti | icchā sukhe tatsādhane vā spṛhārūpā cittavṛttiridaṃ me bhūyāditi sā kāma iti rāga iti cocyate | dveṣo duḥkhe tatsādhane cedaṃ me mābhūditi spṛhāvirodhinī cetovṛttiḥ | sukhaduḥkhe prasiddhe | saṅghātaḥātmendriyamanoyuktaṃ bhoktetyāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ iti śruterindriyamanaścidātmanāmekalolībhāvarūpo bhoktā | cetanā yā pūrvoktā buddhiḥ saiva śuddhā sattvamayatvādvimalādarśavaccitpratibimbagrāhiṇī taptāyaḥpiṇḍe vahnitvamiva svayamacetanāpi cetanātvaṃ prāptā yayā vyāptaḥ sthūlapiṇḍo'pi cetana eva pratīyate seyaṃ cetanā manaḥsañjñitā saiva icchādirūpā pariṇamate | tathā ca śrutiḥ “kāmaḥ saṅkalpo vicikitsā śraddhā'śraddhā dhṛtiradhṛtirhrīrdhīrbhīrityetatsarvaṃ mana eva” iti kāmādīnāṃ manovṛttitvamāha | etatkṣetramavyaktākhyaṃ vikāraṃ vikāreṇa mahadādinā tadvikāreṇa cecchādinā sahitamudāhṛtamuktam | nanvicchādayo'hampratyayaviṣayasyātmano dharmā iti kāṇādā vadanti | satyameva vadanti te parantu so'smākaṃ mukhya ātmaiva na bhavati | tasya śuddhāyāṃ cityabhedenādhyastatvāditi prāgevoktam | ataḥ kṣetrāntargatasyāhamarthasya dṛśyasya tādṛśā eva dṛśyā icchādayo dharmāḥ santu na naḥ kiñcicchinnam | ātmano'saṅgatvamahaṅkārasyānṛtatvaṃ cānubhavasiddhaṃ śrutī apyanuvadataḥ “asaṅgo hyayaṃ puruṣaḥ” iti “amṛtena hi pratyūḍhāḥ” iti ||

6.37.7

idānīṃ jñānasādhanāni vidhatte -- amānitvamiti | amānitvādayo'pi cetovṛttiviśeṣā dṛśyatvācca tatkṣetravikārā eva santaḥ sattvaguṇakāryatvāt jñānasya sādhanabhūtā apyupacārājjñānapadavācyā bhavanti | ‘etajjñānamiti proktam’ ityupasaṃhārāt | tatra vidyamānairavidyamānairvā guṇairātmanaḥ ślāghitvaṃ mānitvam | lābhapūjākhyātyarthaṃ svadharmasya prakaṭīkaraṇaṃ dambhitvam | kāyavāṅmanobhiḥ prāṇināṃ pīḍanaṃ hiṃsā | teṣāṃ varjanamamānitvamadambhitvamahiṃsā ca | pareṇāpakṛte'pi cittasya nirvikāratvaṃ kṣāntiḥ | ārjavamakauṭilyam | ācāryopāsanaṃ spaṣṭam | śaucaṃ mṛjjalābhyāṃ bāhyaṃ bhāvaśuddhirāntaram | sthairyaṃ mokṣasādhane pravṛttasya vighnasadbhāve'pi tadagaṇanam | ātmavinigraho dehendriyādipracārasaṅkocaḥ ||

6.37.8

indriyārtheṣu dṛṣṭeṣu ānuśravikeṣu vā śabdādiṣu vairāgyaṃ rāgābhāvaḥ | anahaṅkāro darparāhityam | ayogavyavacchedārtha evakāraḥ | samuccayārthaścakāraḥ | janmādiṣu jāyamānaṃ duḥkhaṃ parasya vyathādoṣāśca dainyādayasteṣāmanudarśanam ||

6.37.9

asaktiriti | saktiḥ putrādau mamatāmātram | abhiṣvaṅgastena saha tādātmyābhimāno'yamevāhamiti ca | putrādeḥ sukhe'hameva sukhī tasya duḥkhe'hameva duḥkhīti saṅgābhiṣvaṅgau tadvarjanamityarthaḥ | samacittatvaṃ harṣaviṣādarāhityam | kutra iṣṭāniṣṭopapattiṣu iṣṭaprāptau harṣābhāvo'niṣṭaprāptau viṣādābhāvaḥ ||

6.37.10

mayītiślokaḥ spaṣṭārthaḥ ||

6.37.11

adhyātmaśāstraje jñāne niṣṭhāvahamadhyātmajñānanityatvam | tattvajñānasyārthaḥ prayojanamavidyānivṛttirānandāvāptiśca tayordarśanam | etadamānitvāditattvajñānārthadarśanāntaṃ viṃśakaṃ jñānaṃ jñānasādhanamiti proktaṃ vedeṣu | ajñānaṃ jñānavirodhi ito'nyathā yattat mānitvādikamityarthaḥ | tasmāttatparityāgenāmānitvādikamevopādeyamiti bhāvaḥ ||

6.37.12

evaṃ kṣetraṃ vyākhyāya sa ca yo yatprabhāvaścetyuktaṃ kṣetrajñasvarūpaṃ tasya māyikaṃ prabhāvaṃ vyācaṣṭe -- jñeyamiti | etairjñānasādhanairyajjñeyaṃ tatpravakṣyāmi | yajjñeyaṃ jñātvā amṛtaṃ mokṣamaśnute prāpnoti | tasya svarūpaṃ tāvadāha -- anādimaditi | ādimat avyaktamtasmādavyaktamutpannam iti tadutpattismaraṇāt | tadanyadanādimat | anādītyetāvatyukte pravāhanityatvamavyaktādīnāmapyastīti teṣāmapyanāditāyāṃ prāptāyāṃ tatpratiṣedhārthamanādimadityuktam | yadvā ādimacca tataḥ paraṃ cādimatpare kāryakāraṇe tābhyāmanyadanādimatparamiti | ataeva paraṃ nirviśeṣaṃ na tvaparaṃ saviśeṣam | brahma trividhaparicchedaśūnyam | na sat pradhānaparamāṇvādivatsaditi nocyate | +++nāpyasat śūnyavadasadapi nocyate | tathā ca śrutiḥ “nāsadāsīnno sadāsīttadānīṃ nāsīdrajo no vyomā paro yat” iti | asacchabditasya śūnyasya sacchabditasya pradhānasya rajaḥśabditānāṃ paramāṇūnāṃ paravyomaśabditasya asmadabhimatasyāvyaktasyāpi sṛṣṭeḥ prāk niṣedhaṃ darśayati ||

6.37.13

evaṃ sa ca ya ityetatkṣetrajñasvarūpamapāstasamastaviśeṣamupapādya yatprabhāva iti pratijñātaṃ tasya prabhāvaṃ vaiśvarūpyalakṣaṇamupapādayati -- sarvata iti | sarvataḥ sarvāsu dikṣu antarbahiśca pāṇayaḥ pādāścāsya santīti sarvataḥpāṇipādam | evaṃ sarvataḥ akṣīṇi śirāṃsi mukhāni ca yasya tatsarvato'kṣiśiromukham | sarvataḥśrutimat śravaṇavat | loke sarvam āvṛtya vyāpya tiṣṭhati | yathā svapnadṛk taijaso vāsanāmayenaiva pāṇipādādinā svāpnaṃ prapañcamanubhavati | tasya ca jāgratkāle upādhibhūtaṃ piṇḍagatameva pāṇipādādikaṃ tadeva sthūlaprapañcānubhavasaṃskārādhānadvārā vāsanāmayasya prapañcasya kāraṇam | vāsanāmayaśca sthūlaprapañcasya kāraṇamiti bījāṅkuranyāyenānayoranyonyasminnanyonyasadbhāvo'nyonyakāraṇatvaṃ cāstīti | evaṃ sakalaprāṇidhīvāsanoparaktājñānopādhikaṃ caitanyaṃ sakalaprāṇidhīvāsanāmayaṃ samaṣṭisūkṣmaprapañcamavabhāsayati | asya copādhibhūtaṃ brahmāṇḍagatasakalaprāṇipāṇipādādikameva | evaṃ ca pūrvavatsthūlasūkṣmayorapi samaṣṭiprapañcayoranyonyaṃ bījāṅkuranyāyena kāryakāraṇabhāvamanyonyasyānyonyasminsadbhāvaṃ cābhipretyoktaṃ bhagavatā bhāṣyakāreṇa “sakalaprāṇikaraṇopādhidvāreṇa jñeyabrahmaṇo'stitvaṃ pratipādyata” iti | kāryadvārā karaṇāstitvasiddhau ca kāraṇābhāvo'pyapodyate “anādimatparaṃ brahma na sattannāsaducyate” iti | nanu “prakṣālanāddhi paṅkasya dūrādasparśanaṃ varam” iti nyāyena vyarthastarhi kāraṇopanyāsa iti cenna | taṃ vinā śuddhādhigamāyogāt | śākhācandranyāyena hi saguṇaṃ nirguṇasya vastuno jñāpakam | yathoktaṃ bhāṣye “upādhikṛtamithyārūpamapyastitvādhigamāya jñeyadharmavatparikalpyocyate sarvataḥpāṇipādam” ityādi | tathāhi sampradāyavidāṃ vacanam “adhyāropāpavādābhyāṃ niṣprapañcaṃ prapañcyate” iti ||

6.37.14

nanu yūpāhavanīyādivadalaukikamapi brahma kāryakāraṇaprapañcaviśiṣṭaṃ citrameva sarvataḥpāṇipādaṃ tadityādinā śāstreṇa kāryaśeṣatayā samarthyate | na ca vācyam upāsanāparaṃ śāstraṃ na brahmaṇo vaicitryaṃ pratipādayitumīṣṭe iti | devatādhikaraṇanyāyena devatāvigrahādivattadvaicitryasyāpyavāntaratātparyaviṣayatayā siddheḥ | na ca devatāvigrahādervyāvahārikameva sattvaṃ na pāramārthikaṃ brahmajñānena tasya bādhāditi vācyam | sattādvaividhyasyāprasiddheḥ | tasmātsarvataḥpāṇipādatvādikaṃ brahmaṇo vāstavameveti nāpavādamarhatītyāśaṅkyāha -- sarvendriyeti | sarvāṇi āntarāṇi bāhyāni ca indriyāṇi manobuddhyahaṅkāracittākhyāni śrotrādīni ceti grāhakamātraṃ saṅgṛhītam | guṇāśca viṣayāḥ tena grāhyamātraṃ gṛhyate | samastagrāhyagrāhakavadābhāsate na tu grāhyagrāhakasvarūpaṃ vicitram | yathā jalasūryo'dhastha iva kampata ivābhāsate na tu vastuto'dhasthaḥ kampate vā tadvat ātmano grāhyagrāhakākāratvaṃ mithyetyarthaḥ | kuta etat | yataḥ sarvendriyavivarjitam indriyeti guṇānāmapyupalakṣaṇam | nahi brahmaṇi kiñcit grāhyaṃ rūpādi grāhakaṃ vā mana ādi vartate | “aśabdamasparśamarūpamavyayaṃ”, “aprāṇo hyamanāḥ śubhraḥ”, “yattadadreśyamagrāhyamacakṣuḥśrotraṃ tadapāṇipādam” ityādiśāstrāt | tasmānna prapañcaviśiṣṭaṃ vicitraṃ brahma | kathaṃ tarhi sarvaṃ brahmeti śāstramityāśaṅkyāha -- asaktaṃ sarvabhṛccaiveti | atra sarvabhṛditi sarvādhāratvoktyā,sarvasmātpṛthagbhūtamityuktam | sarvasya brahmaṇā sahādhārādheyabhāvo'pi kiṃ ghaṭarūpayoriva samavāyasambandhena? kuṇḍabadarayoriva saṃyogasambandhena vetyāśaṅkya sambandhaṃ vinaiva sarvabhṛttvaṃ brahmaṇa ityāha -- asaktamiti | nanu vyāhatametat asaktamiti sarvabhṛditi ceti | naiṣa doṣaḥ | nahyūṣarabhūmirmarīcikodakena saṃsaktā atha ca tadādhārabhūtāpi bhavati tadvadetadbhaviṣyati | nanvevaṃ prapañcasya mithyātvamāpatatīti | tathā ca karmopāstividhaya uparudhyeran | na | brahmātmaikatvajñānena yāvaddvaitaṃ na bādhyate tāvatkriyākārakādisarvavyavahārasya satyatvopagamāt “prāṇā vai satyaṃ teṣāmeṣa satyam” iti śrutyāpi prāṇopalakṣitasya kṛtsnasya prapañcasya vyāvahārikaṃ satyatvamuktvā tato'pyadhikaṃ paramārthasatyaṃ brahma darśitam | satyatvaṃ cābādhyatvaṃ tatkiñcitkālaṃ prāṇānāmasti brahmaṇastu sārvatrikamiti yathā bhūpatīnāṃ bhūpatirityukte aiśvaryālpatvabhūyastvakṛto bhedaḥ spaṣṭa evamihāpi draṣṭavyam | tasmādbrahmaṇaḥ saviśeṣatvaṃ niṣkalātmabodhātprāgeva natūrdhvamityavaśyaṃ tattvajñānena bādhituṃ śakyamityanupādhikaṃ brahma na kenacitkāryaśeṣatāṃ netuṃ śakyam | tadadhigame kriyākārakādidvaitopamardādupāsyopāsakopāsanābhedasya bādhitatvāt | tasmādyuktamuktamupādhikṛtaṃ rūpaṃ mithyeti | kiṃ ca nirguṇaṃ guṇabhoktṛ ca | grāhyagrāhakasambandhaśūnyamapi grāhakeṣu buddhyādiṣu grāhyasambandhātsukhādyākāreṇa pariṇateṣu satsu kevalaṃ tatprakāśakatvamātreṇa guṇabhoktṛtvamapyasya cidābhāsarūpasyopapadyate | yathā pratibimbarūpe ravāvupādhikṛtaṃ calanādikam | tathā ca śrutiḥ “dhyāyatīva lelāyatīva” iti | buddhau dhyāyantyāṃ tatra praviṣṭaścidābhāso dhyāyatīva viṣayān | buddhau lelāyantyāṃ viṣayapradeśaṃ gacchantyāṃ so'pi lelāyatīva na tu svato dhyāyati lelāyati veti pratipādayati | etena “apāṇipādo javano grahītā paśyatyacakṣuḥ sa śṛṇotyakarṇaḥ” ityapi brahmaṇa upādhiguṇānuguṇyabhajanaśaktimattvenaiva vyākhyeyam | ayamapādo'pi pāde javavati javavān bhavatīti | andho maṇimavindadityādikaṃ vacanajātaṃ cātrānusandheyam | tasmādyuktamuktaṃ nirguṇaṃ guṇabhoktṛ ceti | bhāṣye tu nirguṇaṃ sattvādiguṇarahitamapi teṣāṃ guṇānāṃ sukhaduḥkhamohātmakatvena pariṇatānāṃ bhoktṛ ca upalabdhṛ ceti vyākhyātam ||

6.37.15

nanvasaktamasambaddhaṃ cetkathamupalabdhaṃ syādityāśaṅkyāha -- bahiriti | bhūtānāṃ prāṇināmekādaśendriyāṇi sthūlabhūtāni ca kevalavikāratvena vyavahitatvāt bahirityucyante | mahadahaṅkārapañcatanmātrāvyaktāni prakṛtirūpatvena sannihitatvādantarityucyante | carācaramiti | ubhayanikṛṣṭāścarācaropādhyupalakṣitā avadhibhūtāḥ puruṣāścaramacaraṃ cetyanenocyante | tatra carācaraṃ jñeyamiti sāmānādhikaraṇyātpuruṣāṇāṃ jñeyabrahmabhāva uktaḥ | bahirantaśca jñeyamiti ṣoḍaśasu vikāreṣvaṣṭāsu prakṛtiṣu ca jñeyasya sambandha uktaḥ | sa ca sambandho “yādṛśo yakṣastādṛśo baliḥ” itinyāyenādhyastaprakṛtivikṛtinirūpitatvenādhyasta eva | evaṃ ca puruṣasyopalabdhimātraśarīrasya guṇaiḥ sahādhyāsikasambandhasattvāt guṇopalabdhṛtvaṃ yujyate | yathā prakāśamātrasvarūpasya raveḥ prakāśyasambandhāpekṣaṃ prakāśayitṛtvaṃ tadvadityarthaḥ | nanu nityāparokṣaḥ puruṣaprakṛtivikārasambaddhaśca tarhi kuto na sarvairgṛhyata ityāśaṅkyāha | sūkṣmatvāt durlakṣyatvāttajjñeyam | avijñeyaṃ durvijñeyam | yathā japākusumopahitasya sphaṭikasya śauklyaṃ sannihitamapi rūpāntaravikṣepeṇa tirohitaṃ sanna gṛhyate evaṃ nityāparokṣamapyasaṅgaṃ brahmopādhyupadhānādviviktatayā na grahītuṃ śakyaṃ kintvaupādhikadharmopetameva gṛhyate mūḍhaiḥ | vidvadbhistūpādhipravilāpanena sugrahamityāśayaḥ | etadevāha -- dūrasthaṃ cāntike ca taditi | yathā mūḍho jalasūryaṃ bimbasūryāddūrasthaṃ manyate vidvāṃstu upādhipratihatanayanaraśmīnāmuparyutplutya gatānāṃ bimbagrāhitvaṃ spaṣṭam | bimbasyādhasthatvagrahaṇaṃ tu pūrvapravṛttādhomukhavṛttisaṃskārāpekṣamiti jānan bimbadeśe eva pratibimbaṃ paśyati | bimbe eva jalasthatvamadhyasyate na tu jale pratibimba iti, upādhau dharmyadhyāsakalpanāto viṣayasyopādhisaṃsargamātrādhyāsakalpane lāghavāt | evaṃ bimbabhūtaṃ brahma pratibimbabhūtājjīvānmūḍhānāṃ viprakṛṣṭaṃ viduṣāṃ tvatyantaṃ sannikṛṣṭamiti ||

6.37.17

etadevopapādayatyardhena -- avibhaktaṃ ceti | “eka eva tu bhūtātmā bhūte bhūte vyavasthitaḥ | ekadhā bahudhā caiva dṛśyate jalacandravat” iti śruterbhūteṣu kāryakāraṇasaṅghātāpanneṣu jalapātreṣu candrasyeva brahmaṇaḥ pratibimbā jīvāste coktarītyā bimbādananyā iti tadrūpeṇa bhūteṣvavibhaktaṃ ca vibhāgamaprāptamapi jñeyavastu mūḍhadṛṣṭyā vibhaktamiva dūradeśasthamiva cādvibhinnamiva ca sthitam | evaṃ tarhi candrādudapātrāṇāmiva bhūtānāṃ pṛthaksattvāpattirityāśaṅkyāha -- bhūtabhartṛ ceti | adhiṣṭhānatvena sarvāṇi bhūtāni dhārayatīti na tatasteṣāṃ pṛthaksattāsti rajjuta iva tadadhyastānāṃ sarpadaṇḍadhārādīnāmityarthaḥ | etadevāha -- grasiṣṇu prabhaviṣṇu ca | yathā rajjustattvajñānadaśāyāṃ sarpādīn grasati, ajñānadaśāyāṃ ca tāneva prasūte tadvat jñātaṃ brahma sarvabhūtāni grasiṣṇu grasanaśīlamajñātaṃ ca sarvabhūtānāṃ prabhaviṣṇu utpādanaśīlam ||

6.37.18

uktamarthajātamupasaṃharati -- itīti | kṣetraṃ mahābhūtādidhṛtyantam | jñānaṃ jñānasādhanamamānitvādi tattvajñānārthadarśanāntam | jñeyamanādimatparamityādi dhiṣṭhitamityantam | śrutibhyaḥ smṛtibhyaśca samāsataḥ saṅkṣepata uktam | madbhakta etattrayaṃ vijñāya madbhāvāya brahmabhāvāyopapadyate yukto bhavati | bhaktyaiva prāpyaṃ brahma yatprāpya brahmaiva bhavati | tathā ca śrutiḥ “yasya deve parā bhaktiryathā deve tathā gurau | tasyaite kathitā hyarthāḥ prakāśante mahātmanaḥ” iti | “brahma veda brahmaiva bhavati” iti ca ||

6.37.19

evaṃ kṣetraṃ śarīrākhyamavyaktamuktaṃ tatprakārāśca mahadādyāstrayoviṃśatistadvikārā icchādayo jñānājñānaśabditā amānitvamānitvādayaḥ puruṣaśca uktaḥ | idānīṃ kṣetrakṣetrajñayormadhye yasmādyajjāyate tacca kṣetrajñasya prabhāvaśceti dvayaṃ vaktavyaṃ tatrādyaṃ vivṛṇoti tribhiḥ -- prakṛtimiti | saptamādhyāye'ṣṭadhā yā prakṛtiraparā uktā sātra prakṛtiḥ | yā tu jīvabhūtā parā prakṛtiruktā sātra puruṣaśabdenocyate | etau hi sampṛktau saṃsāraṃ janayataḥ | viyogaśca tayormokṣaḥ | tatra tāvubhāvapyanādī viddhi | tayorādimattve saṃsārasyākasmikatvāpātāt kṛtahānākṛtābhyāgamaprasaṅgaścetyanyatra vistaraḥ | vikārān icchādīn guṇān buddhīndriyādīṃśca prakṛtisambhavān viddhi ||

6.37.20

ubhayorapi saṃsāraṃ prati kāraṇatve dvāramāha -- kāryeti | kāryaṃ śarīraṃ tadārambhakāṇi bhūtāni viṣayāśca | kāraṇaṃ trayodaśendriyāṇi tadāśritāśca sukhaduḥkhamohātmakā guṇāśca | karaṇetipāṭhe'pi sa evārthaḥ | etayoḥ kāryakāraṇayoḥ kartṛtve nimitte sati kartṛtvenetyarthaḥ | hetuḥ saṃsārasya kāraṇaṃ prakṛtirbhavati | tathā puruṣaḥ sukhaduḥkhānāṃ bhoktṛtvena saṃsārasya heturiti | yadi hi kāryakāraṇasukhaduḥkhasvarūpahetuphalātmanā prakṛtirna pariṇameta tadā puruṣaḥ kimupalabheta | anupalabdhvā vā kathaṃ saṃsārī syāt | anupalabdhṛkā vā prakṛtiḥ kutropayujyeta | tasmādupalabhyopalabdhṛsaṃyogaḥ saṃsārakāraṇamiti yathābhāṣyaṃ vyākhyātam | yadvā puruṣasya kāryatve kāraṇatve kartṛtve ca prakṛtireva puruṣatādātmyaṃ prāptā heturbhavati | vahnitādātmyaṃ prāptaṃ lohaṃ vahneścatuṣkoṇatvādāviva heturbhavati | tathā prakṛteḥ sukhaduḥkhabhoktṛtve svacchāyāpradānena puruṣaḥ kāraṇaṃ vahniriva lohasya svacchāyāpradānena dagdhṛtve | tathāhi kāryatvādayaḥ prākṛtadehendriyabuddhidharmāḥ santaścidātmanyāropyante gauro'hamamuṣyaputro'haṃ kāṇo'haṃ khañjo'haṃ karomyahamakārṣamahamiti | tathā cicchāyāpannā buddhiścetayāmyahaṃ sukhaduḥkhādīnupalabhe iti manyate | so'yaṃ prakṛtipuruṣayoranyonyadharmādhyāsaḥ saṃsārasya kāraṇamityupapāditaṃ bhavati | sāṅkhyābhimataṃ puruṣasya bhoktṛtvamapi nirastaṃ bhavati | anyathā prakṛtiḥ kartrī puruṣo bhokteti kartṛtvabhoktṛtvayorvaiyadhikaraṇyamāpadyeta | na ca bhoktuḥ puruṣasya nirvikāratvamapi vaktuṃ śakyamityanyatra vistaraḥ | “dvandvānte śrūyamāṇaṃ padaṃ pratyekamabhisambadhyata” iti tvapratyayasya pūrvābhyāmapi sambandhe kāryatvaṃ kāraṇatvaṃ kartṛtvaṃ ceti vigrahaḥ, dvandvaikavadbhāvaścaprātipadikārthaliṅgaparimāṇavacanabhāve prathamā ityādivat ||

6.37.21

nanu yathā bauddhaṃ kartṛtvaṃ puṃsyāropyate evaṃ pauṃsnaṃ bhoktṛtvaṃ buddhāvastvityetaṃ bhramaṃ vārayati -- puruṣa iti | hi prasiddham | prakṛtisthaḥ dehendriyamanaḥsaṅghātamadhyārūḍhastattādātmyaṃ gata ityarthaḥ | prakṛtijān sukhaduḥkhamohātmakān guṇān bhuṅkte upalabhate | yadā tu suptisamādhimūrcchādau prakṛtisthatvaṃ nāsti tadā na,sukhādīnupalabhate tenopādhigatānyeva sukhādīni tadabhāvena pratīyanta iti siddham | śrutirapi “ātmendriyamanoyuktaṃ bhoktetyāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ” itīndriyamanoyogādevātmani bhoktṛtvaṃ darśayanti śuddhasya kevalasya bhoktṛtvaṃ nāstīti darśayati | kutastarhyabhokturapyasya prākṛto bandha iti tatrāha -- kāraṇamiti | asya puruṣasya sadasadyonijanmasu tatra sadyonijanmāno devāḥ, asadyonijanmabhājastiryañcaḥ sthāvarāśca, sadasadyonijanmāno manuṣyāḥ | eteṣu triṣvapi janmasu prāpyeṣu asya puṃso guṇasaṅgaḥ sukhādiṣvabhiṣvaṅgaḥ kāraṇaṃ hetuḥ | tathā hi sātvikā devā bhavanti rājasā manuṣyāstāmasāśca paśavasteṣāṃ tattadyoniprāptau tattadguṇaprādhānyameva kāraṇam | vakṣyati ca ‘ūrdhvaṃ gacchanti satvasthāḥ’ ityādi | yadvā prakṛtistho vidvānavidvānvā guṇānbhuṅkte | “paśvādibhiścāviśeṣāt” iti nyāyāt | tatkiṃ vidvānivāvidvānapi kuto na mucyate avidvāniva vidvānvā kuto na badhyata ityāśaṅkyāha -- kāraṇamiti | guṇeṣu dehendriyaviṣayeṣu saṅgaḥ ahamidaṃ mamedamityabhiniveśaḥ sa eva janmakāraṇam | viduṣāṃ tu tadabhāvānna janma | samāne'pi dehasambandhe yadā yakṣo dehābhimānaṃ dhatte tadā sa eva dehapīḍayā pīḍyate na tu dehapatirjīvaḥ | yadā tvayaṃ dehābhimānaṃ dhatte tadā netara iti prasiddham | saṅgasya bandhakatvaṃ na tu sānnidhyamātraṃ bandhakam | ato vidvadaviduṣoḥ samāne'pi dehasambandhe saṅgatadabhāvakṛto mahān viśeṣa iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.37.22

sa ca yo yatprabhāvaśceti kṣetrajñatatprabhāvau vyākhyeyatvena pratijñātau tatra kṣetrajñaḥ prāgeva varṇitaḥ, tasyedānīṃ prabhāvamāha -- upadraṣṭeti | tatra pūrvaṃ guṇasaṅgo janmakāraṇamityuktam | tatra saṅgaścaturvidhaḥ puruṣāpalāpena guṇamātraprādhānyena vā tamantarbhāvya guṇaprādhānyena vā? guṇānāṃ samaprādhānyena vā? aprādhānyena veti | tatrādye dehendriyamanaādirūpaṃ guṇasaṅghātameva ātmatvena paśyan bhoktā bhavati yathā cārvākādiḥ | dvitīye guṇānāṃ prādhānyādātmani vāstavakartṛtvādyabhimānena karmaphalānāṃ bhartā sañcetā bhavati yathā tārkikādiḥ | tṛtīye guṇānāṃ samaprādhānyena guṇagatamapi bhoktṛtvamasaṅge'pyātmani vastre bhallātakāṅkavadanumanyate yathā sāṅkhyaḥ | caturthe sarvathāpi guṇadharmāṇāmātmani saṅkramamapaśyannudāsīnabodharūpatvena guṇapracāradarśī upadraṣṭā bhavati yathāsmākaṃ sākṣī | eteṣu caturṣvapi guṇasaṅgiṣūpadraṣṭottamaḥ | anumantā madhyamaḥ | bhartā adhamaḥ | bhoktā adhamādhamaḥ | sa eva guṇānvaśīkṛtya yadā krīḍati tadā maheśvara ityucyate | yaḥ sargasthityantakartā prabhurjagadantaryāmī sa eva guṇānapahāya sthitaḥ paramātmeti cāpyukto bhavati | yadyapyupadraṣṭāpi guṇānapahāya tatsākṣitvena sthito bhavati tathāpi tasyaiva saṅghātopahitasya saṅghātāntarapracāradarśitvābhāvādayaṃ sakalasaṅghātapracāradarśīti sarvotkṛṣṭatvātparamo'yamātmā | tamenaṃ vakṣyati ‘uttamaḥ puruṣastvanyaḥ paramātmetyudāhṛtaḥ | yo lokatrayamāviśya bibhartyavyaya īśvaraḥ’ iti | etāvapi guṇasaṅginau | evameka eva dehe'sminvidyamānaḥ paro guṇātītaḥ svātmani guṇānpravilāpya sthito'khaṇḍaikarasa ātmā guṇasaṅgena ṣaḍvidho bhavati | ayamevāsya prabhāvaḥ | tatra anumantṛbhartṛbhoktṛbhistribhiḥ rūpairayaṃ badhyate | upadraṣṭṛmaheśvaraparamātmarūpaistu nityamukta ekaeveti jñeyam | atra bhāṣyārtho'pyanusandheyo vistarabhayāttu na pradarśitaḥ ||

6.37.23

evaṃ yathoktalakṣaṇātmajñāne phalamāha -- ya evamiti | guṇaiḥ svavikāraiḥ sarvathā vihitena niṣiddhena vā karmaṇā vartamāno'pi na sa bhūyo'bhijāyate punarjanma na labhate mukto bhavatītyarthaḥ ||

6.37.24

evaṃvidhātmadarśane'dhikāribhedenopāyavikalpānāha -- dhyāneneti | atra ye ātmānaṃ vividiṣanti te niṣkāmakarmaṇā parameśvaramārādhayanti te karmayoginaḥ | tata evotpannavividiṣā vedāntaśravaṇe pravartante | tataḥ pramāṇagatāsambhāvanānivṛttau satyāṃ tasyaivārthasya manane pravartante prameyagatāsambhāvanānivṛttyarthaṃ te sāṅkhyāḥ | tataḥ pramāṇaprameyagatāsambhāvanāyā nivṛttyanantaram anātmani dehādāvātmabuddhirūpāyā viparītabhāvanāyā nivṛttyarthaṃ nididhyāsanaṃ vijātīyapratyayatiraskārapūrvakasajātīyapratyayapravāhīkaraṇalakṣaṇaṃ kartuṃ pravartante | tatastatparipāke ātmani buddhivṛttau ātmānaṃ parameśvaraṃ paśyanti te dhyāyinaḥ | tatra ye karmasāṅkhyayorniṣṇātāste dhyānenātmani dehe ātmānaṃ parameśvaram ātmanā buddhyā paśyanti | anye tvakṛtakarmāṇaḥ sāṅkhyena yogena vicārātmakena yogena dhyānadvārā paśyanti | anye punaḥ karmayogenaiva pūrvoktalakṣaṇena sāṅkhyā dhyānadvārā paśyantīti sādhanatrayasya samuccayo na tu vikalpaḥ ||

6.37.25

pakṣāntaramāha -- anye tviti | anye ūhāpohakauśalahīnāḥ | tuśabdena pūrvoktebhyo vilakṣaṇāḥ evaṃ pūrvoktaprakāramajānanto'nyebhya ācāryebhyaḥ śrutvā ātmano nirviśeṣabrahmacaitanyarūpatvaṃ tadupāsanāmārgaṃ cādhigatya upāsate yathoktaprakāreṇa dhyāyanti te'pi ca mṛtyuṃ saṃsāraṃ tarantyeva | apiśabdātpūrvaślokoktāstarantītyatra,kimāścaryamiti gamyate | evaśabdātteṣāṃ mukhyakramābhāve'pi taraṇe saṃśayo nāsti | yataste śrutiparāyaṇāḥ śrutiḥ śravaṇaṃ tadeva param ayanaṃ mokṣasādhanaṃ yeṣāṃ te tathā | dhyāne pravṛttyatiśayānna teṣāṃ cittaśuddhyarthaṃ karmāpekṣā | vedoktatattve dṛḍhaniścayāccāsambhāvanānivṛttyarthaṃ śravaṇamananāpekṣeti bhāvaḥ | ayaṃ ca brahmasākṣātkāraḥ saṃvādibhramarūpa iti kecit | pramārūpa ityanye | tathāhi yathā kaścinmaṇiprabhāṃ maṇibuddhyā paśyan bhrānta eva tathāpi tadgrahaṇakāle maṇiṃ labhate'taḥ sa saṃvādibhramaḥ | evaṃ tvampadārthaṃ tatpadārthamaṇiprabhābhūtaṃ tatpadārthabuddhyā bhāvayan vyavahārato bhrānta eva tathāpi tatsākṣātkārakāle tadananyasya tatpadārthasya sākṣātkāro'pi saṃvādibhramanyāyena jāyata iti | tathā ca vasiṣṭhaḥ “asatye satyatā sādho śāśvatī paridṛśyate | śūnyena dhyānayogena śāśvataṃ prāpyate padam” iti | vyavahārato nirviśeṣasvarūpatvenāsatye ātmani tatra nirviśeṣatvabhāvanaṃ śūnyo nirviṣayo'yaṃ dhyānayogo yoṣityagnidhyānavat tathāpi tena śāśvatī satyatā prāpyate dṛśyata iti vasiṣṭhavākyārthaḥ | kalpadrumācāryāstu “vedāntavākyajadhyānabhāvanājā'parokṣadhīḥ | mūlapramāṇadārḍhyena bhramatvaṃ pratipadyate” iti prāhuḥ ||

6.37.26

pūrvaṃ kāryakāraṇakartṛtve ityatra cidacitoḥ pumprakṛtyoranyonyadharmādhyāsa uktastasyaiva guṇasaṅgarūpasya kāraṇaṃ guṇasaṅgo'syeti nānājanmahetutvaṃ coktaṃ tadviśadayati -- yāvaditi | sattvaṃ jīvarūpam | guṇasaṅgo'tra rūpādyāsaktirna kintu kṣetrakṣetrajñayoḥ saṃyogo'nyonyasminnanyonyātmakatādhyāsalakṣaṇo bodhyaḥ | śeṣaṃ spaṣṭam ||

6.37.28

tannāśopāyamāha -- samamiti | samamapariṇāminaṃ kūṭasthaṃ nityaṃ sarveṣu bhūteṣu dehādyākāreṇa pariṇateṣu tiṣṭhantam | etena deha eva tadadhigamasthānamityuktam | parameśvaramantaryāmiṇaṃ sargasthityantakartāram | ataevāntarmukhadṛṣṭyā vinaśyatsu teṣu bhūteṣu rajjūragādivatkalpitatvādadarśanaṃ gacchatsu vibhutvādātmatvānnityadṛgrūpatvāccāvinaśyantaṃ sarvāsvapyavasthāsvadarśanamagacchantaṃ yaḥ paśyati sa eva paśyati | anye'ndhā ityarthaḥ ||

6.37.29

nanu viṣamasvabhāvāni bhūtāni kaḥ samabuddhyā paśyatyagnimiva śītabuddhyetyāśaṅkyāha -- prakṛtyaiveti | sarvaśaḥ sarvaprakāreṇa karmāṇi vāṅmanaḥkāyairārabdhāni prakṛtyaiva kriyamāṇānīti yaḥ paśyati tathā ātmānaṃ cākartāraṃ yaḥ paśyati pūrvoktarītyā sa eva sarvatra samaṃ paśyatīti pūrveṇānvayaḥ ||

6.37.30

nanu kathaṃ prakṛtereva kartṛtvaṃ natvātmana ityāśaṅkyāha -- yadeti | bhūtānāṃ viyadādīnāṃ jarāyujādīnāṃ ca pṛthagbhāvaṃ nānābhāvenāvasthānaṃ paridṛśyamānamidaṃ yadā ekastham ekasminnātmani sthitaṃ rajjvāṃ sarpādivat, kanake vā kuṇḍalādivat vilīnaṃ śāstrācāryopadeśamanupaśyati | tata evaikasmāt vistāraṃ ca bhūtapṛthagbhāvasya vyutthānāvasthāmanu svapnādivat paśyati, tadā brahma sampadyate brahmaiva bhavati | ayaṃ bhāvaḥ- kartṛtvaṃ hi kriyāvattvaṃ kriyā ca parispandaḥ, sa ca paricchannasya pṛthagbhūtasya prākṛtasya buddhyādereva sambhavati, na tu vyāpakasya sarvabhūtapṛthagbhāvagrasiṣṇorātmana iti ||

6.37.31

nanvātmano vibhutvena rūpeṇa kartṛtvaṃ mā svīkāri dehādyavacchinnena tu rūpeṇa tadvaktavyamanyathānubhavavirodhādityāśaṅkyāha -- anāditvāditi | ayaṃ sarveṣāṃ prāṇināṃ nityāparokṣaḥ paramo dehādibhyo'paramebhya ātmabhyo'nyaḥ kośapañcakātīta ātmā paramātmā | avyayaḥ na vyeti paricchidyate deśataḥ kālato vastutaścetyavyayaḥ | avyayatve hetuḥ -- anāditvāditi | yaddhi ādimadākāśādi tadvyeti na tvayaṃ vyeti anāditvāt | nanvanādibhāvasyānantyaniyamenātmanaḥ kālataḥ paricchedo māstu | tathā deśataḥ paricchinnasya nāśāvaśyambhāvādanāditvāyogācca deśato'pi paricchedo brahmaṇo māstu | nanu paramāṇuvadbhaviṣyatīti cenna | daśadigavacchedyapradeśabhedavato dravyasya niravayavatvarūpāṇutvāsiddheḥ | nahi paramāṇoḥ pūrvadigavacchinno bhāgaḥ paścimayā vyavacchettuṃ śakyate anubhavavirodhāt | deśataḥ paricchedābhāvādeva sajātīyavijātīyavastusadbhāvakṛtaḥ,paricchedo'pi māstu tathāpi vicitraśaktiyuktasyābhinavaprapañcaracanāpaṭīyasaḥ parasya sarveśvaratvasarvajñatvādiguṇayuktasya svagatabhedo'vaśyambhāvī | svaśaktimāyāvacchinnena rūpeṇa jagatkartṛtvaṃ dehāvacchedenāgnihotrādikartṛtvaṃ cāvaśyaṃ vaktavyamityāśaṅkyāha -- nirguṇatvāditi | yo hi guṇavānākāśādiḥ sa saṃyogaṃ vibhāgaṃ vopādhiṃ prāpya svaguṇaṃ śabdamāviṣkaroti na tu svasminnasantaṃ sparśaṃ kenacidapyupādhinā darśayitumīṣṭe | evam ātmā sarvaguṇahīnaḥ satyapyavacchedalābhe kartṛtvādikaṃ guṇamāviṣkartuṃ na samartha iti | phalitamāha -- śarīrastho'pīti | spaṣṭārthametat ||

6.37.32

nirguṇatvānna karotīti siddham | asaṅgatvānnopalipyata ityāha -- yatheti | yathā ākāśo dhūmādinā na lipyate saukṣmyādasaṅgasvabhāvatvāt | evamātmā puṇyapāpādinā nopalipyata ityarthaḥ ||

6.37.33

na karoti na lipyata iti dvayamapi dṛṣṭāntāntareṇa pratipādayati -- yatheti | yathā sūryaḥ svasattāmātreṇa viśvaṃ prakāśayati natu vyāpārāviṣṭatayā kuvinda iva paṭam | yathā caiṣa prakāśyadharmairdurgandhādibhirna lipyate evamayaṃ kṣetrī kṣetrajñaḥ sūryavadeka eva sannanekadhā bhūtaṃ kṣetraṃ mahābhūtānītyādinā caturviṃśatitattvātmakamicchādveṣādivikārayuktamuktaṃ tatsvasattāmātreṇa prakāśayati he bhārata ! na tu vyāpāraviṣṭatayā tatsampādayati | taddharmairvā puṇyapāpādibhirna lipyate | sūryadṛṣṭāntenaikatvamakartṛtvaprayuktamalepatvaṃ ca darśitam | tathā ca śrutayaḥ “yathā hyayaṃ jyotirātmā vivasvānapo bhinnā bahurūpo'nugacchan | upādhinā kriyate bhedarūpo devaḥ kṣetreṣvevamajo'yamātmā |”, “sūryo yathā sarvalokasya cakṣurna lipyate cākṣuṣairbāhyadoṣaiḥ | ekastathā sarvabhūtāntarātmā na lipyate lokaduḥkhena bāhyaḥ” iti ||

6.37.34

adhyāyārthaṃ kṛtsnamupasaṃharati -- kṣetreti | kṣetrakṣetrajñayoḥ pūrvoktayorevamuktarītyā antaraṃ bhedaṃ jaḍatvājaḍatvakartṛtvākartṛtvavikāritvāvikāritvakṛtaṃ vailakṣaṇyaṃ jñānacakṣuḥśāstrācāryopadeśātmapratyayajanitena jñānacakṣuṣā ye viduste paraṃ mokṣaṃ yānti prāpnuvanti | kiṃ sāṅkhyānāmivāsmākamapi guṇapuruṣāntarajñānādeva kaivalyamucyata ityāśaṅkyāha -- bhūtaprakṛtimokṣamiti | bhūtānāṃ viyadādīnāṃ prakṛtirupādānaṃ triguṇātmikā avidyā, tasyā vidyayā mokṣaṃ niranvayocchedaṃ ca ye vidusta eva paraṃ yānti na tu kṣetrakṣetrajñayorantaramātravida ityarthaḥ | yadyekā satyā vibhvī ca prakṛtistarhi vibhūnāmaliptadṛśāṃ bahūnāṃ puruṣāṇāṃ muktānāmapi taddarśanamaparihāryam | tathā ca teṣāmapi bandhaprasaktiḥ | yadi tu mithyā tarhi yasyaivātmasākṣātkāro jātastaddṛṣṭyā sarvathaiva rajjūragavadbādhitā kālatraye'pi nāsti itareṣāṃ tvanādiranantāstyeveti vaktuṃ śakyam | tasmānna prakṛtipuruṣāntarajñānamātrātkaivalyaṃ kintu prakṛtibādhena puruṣajñānāt sarpabādhena rajjudarśanādbhayanivṛttivadbandhanivṛttiriti siddham ||

Linked texts (1)

Mahābhārata — Vyāsa, Sanskrit