Yāska's Nirukta 3
Ṛjvarthā (Niruktavṛtti) 3
- Language
- Sanskrit
Contents
- 3.7 — 4 parts
3.0
nāmākhyātapadarūpabuddhitattve sattvakriyāviṣaye guṇapradhānabhāvenāvatiṣṭhete | tayorguṇapradhānabhāve sati tacchabde lakṣaṇayopacaryyate | tathā ca dhāturūpā buddhistadarthayā saṃyujyate | buddhereva hi dhātvādirūpeṇa vipariṇamyamānā śāstreṇa saṃskriyate | tasyāṃ saṃskriyamāṇāyāṃ śabde saṃskāropacāraḥ kriyate | tadabhidhāyakatvācchabdasya || tatra yaduktaṃ 'vacanānityatvāditaretaropadeśaḥ śāstrakṛtaśca yogo nopapadyate' iti, etadayuktamiti || ' nityatvapakṣe'pi yugapadutpannānāṃ guṇapradhānabhāvo goviṣāṇavannāsti' iti yaduktam, anekāntiko'sau dṛṣṭāntaḥ | dṛṣṭo hi yugapadutpannayoḥ ekakāle rājaputrāmātyaputrayorguṇapradhānabhāvaḥ | tatra yaduktam- 'yugapadutpannānāmitaretaropadeśo na prāpnoti' iti, tadayuktaṃ, 'vyāptimattvācchabdasya sarvamupapadyate 'iti tadeva samyagiti |
aparo vyākhyāmārgaḥ-indriyanityatvātpadacatuṣṭvānupapattistadāśrayasya ca sarvasyaivākṣipte parihārapekṣeṇedamavatāryyate--"
iti | atra samañjasa eva vāśabdaḥ || katham ? ayugapadutpannānāṃ vā yugapadutpannānāṃ vā nityānāṃ vā anityānāṃ vetyarthaḥ | itaretaropadeśaḥ | itarasyetyākhyātasya kriyāvacane śabde'bhidhānatvenopadeśaḥ, itarasya ca nāmaśabdasya sattvavacane śabde'bhidhānatvenopadeśaḥ |
lakṣaṇaśāstreṇa caite kriyāsattve ākhyātānāmaśabdābhyāṃ yujyete | tasmādupapadyate padacatuṣṭumiti |
āha-āgamanamātrametat | heturucyatāṃ 'kathaṃ vinaṣṭāvinaṣṭayoḥ saha parisaṃkhyānam, avasthitayorvā guṇapradhānabhāvaḥ' iti ? || ucyate-"
hetvarthaḥ samāna eva pūrveṇa |
3.1
“indriyanityaṃ vacanamaudumbarāyaṇastatra catuṣṭaṃ nopapadyate”| āha--iha tāvaduktaṃ padacatuṣṭayam | bhāvavacanatā, dravyabacanatā, guṇabhāvaḥ, pūrvāparībhāvaḥ, sāmānyavācitvaṃ, viśeṣavācitvamiti nopapadyate | kasmāt ?| 'vacanānityatvāt' yato'nityaṃ vacanam || kathamanityaṃ vacanamiti ? || ucyate-indriyanityaṃ vacanamiti | indra ātmā, sa yena īryate liṅgyate anumīyate ca-'astyasāvātmā karttā, yasyedaṃ karaṇam, nākarttṛkaṃ karaṇamasti' iti, tadindriyam | tasminnityamindriyanityam || kiṃ punastat ? | vacanam | ucyate aneneti vacanaṃ vākyamityarthaḥ || katamat ? | yadetannāmākhyātopasarganipātātmakam || kaḥ punarevamāha-' indriyanityaṃ vacanam ' iti | ucyate-audumbarāyaṇaḥ ācāryo manyata iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | udumbarasyāpatyamaudumbiriḥ, tasyāpatyamaudumbarāyaṇaḥ |
17 ||
āha-tataḥ kimiti ? || ucyate-tatra tasmin vākye evamindriyanitye sati yadetat padacatuṣṭvamuktam, etannopapadyate|| kasmāt ? | śṛṇu-yāvadeva vakturvāgindriye śrotuśca śrotrendriye, vacanam, tāvadeva tadastīti śakyate vaktum, pracyutaṃ ca nāsti || api ca-vākyamapi | vākyaṃ samastamudbhūtaṃ tadindriye nāvatiṣṭhate yadavayavabhūtāni padānyavasthitāni parisaṃkhyātum | na ca vinaṣṭāvinaṣṭayoḥ padayoḥ saha parisaṃkhyānamasti || tasmādvacanānityatvāt padacatuṣṭvānupapattirityapapannam |
3.2
kiṃ cānyat- " ayugapadutpannānāṃ vā śabdānāmitaretaropadeśaḥ " | vāśabdaḥ. samuccayārthaḥ " vā vikalpopamānadvandvasamuccayārtheṣu " iti hi nipātavidaḥ paṭhanti | vakṣyati cāyamapi- "veti vicāraṇārthe"-ityupakramya "athāpi samuccayārthe bhavati " ( 1,1va0 4-5,1 ) iti || evaṃ ceteṣāmayugapadutpannānāṃ śabdānāṃ vākyāvayavabhūtānāṃ yo'yamitaretaropadeśaḥ itaretaraguṇapradhānabhāvo nāmnā ākhyātaṃ prati guṇabhāvenopadeśaḥ, ākhyā tasya ca nāma prati pradhānabhāvenopadeśaḥ| ayaṃ ca nopapadyate' ityanuvarttate || kiṃ kāraṇam ? | na hi vinaṣṭaṃ nāma guṇabhāvamiyādākhyāte, nāpi naṣṭamākhyātaṃ pradhānabhāvamiyānnāmni | na hi vinaṣṭāvinaṣṭayostaretaraguṇapradhānabhāvo'sti |
9
3.3
kiṃ nānyat- " śāstrakṛto yogaśca " | yaścāyaṃ śāstrakṛto yogaḥ śāstradṛṣṭaḥ śabdasya śabdāntareṇa yogaḥ saṃyogaḥ | tadyathā-upasargasya dhātunā, dhātoḥ pratyayena, pratyayasya lopāgamavarṇavikāraiḥ | ayaṃ ca vacanānityatvānnopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | ayugapadutpattau hi satyāṃ dhāturuccārito vinaṣṭaḥ, sa kathamapasargeṇa yokṣyate, pratyayena vā | na hi vinaṣṭāvinaṣṭayoryogo'sti | tasmādya eva nāmākhyātayoritaretaraguṇapradhānabhāva upasarganipātānāṃ nāmākhyātābhyāṃ yogaḥ, yacca padacatuṣṭvamuktaṃ, sarvametadasabhyagiti ||
yugapadutpannānāmayugapadutpannānāmityevamārabhyamāṇayorvākyayornyo vyākhyāmārgo bhavati | nopapadyate-'yugapadutpannānām, ayugapadutpannānām' ityubhāvapi vyāhārau prāpnutaḥ | samānasaṃhitatvāt || indriyanityatvāt padacatuṣṭānupapattirityeccārya matāśaṅkādvāreṇaitadavatāryate-yugapadutpannānāmiti | atha matam-avicālina evaite kūṭasthā avināśinaḥ śabdāḥ, te tu kalpānte yasmādvyāpirūpādviśīrṇeṣvabhidheyeṣvabhidhātṛṣu kāraṇabhāvamāpadyamāneṣvāśrayabhāvādevāvasthātumaśaknuvanto'bhidheyābhidhātṛsahitā eva kāraṇātmabhāvamadhikamanubhūyābhisaṃstavakāle kalpyādāvanyakalpaviśiṣṭakarmanirmitakāryakāraṇasarvabhūtasādhāraṇātmabhūte hiraṇyagarbhe vicartamāne tadbuddhimāśrayaṃ prāpya tenaiva saha yugapadevābhivyajyante viśeṣātmalābhāya śabdāḥ--iti || atra brūmaḥ-evamapyeteṣāṃ yugapadutpannānāṃ yugapadutpattāvapi satyāṃ yadyapi padacatuṣṭayaṃ prāpnotyeva sahāvasthitānāṃ, tathāpītaretaropadeśa itaretaraguṇapradhānabhāvaśca na prāpnoti | na hi yugapadutpannayorgoviṣāṇayoritaretaraguṇapradhānabhāvo'sti | kiṃ cānyat-kūṭastheṣu cāvicāliṣu nityeṣu śabdeṣu ya eṣa śāstrakṛto yogaḥ, sa eṣa nopapadyate | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | ayukto hi yujyate, nityaṃ yuktā hi dhātava upasargāḥ pratyayaiśca, pratyayāśca lopāgamavarṇavikārairiti| tasmānnityapakṣe'pi vacanasya tadetadupavarṇitaṃ guṇapradhānabhāvādi padacatuṣṭayamadhikṛtya, sarvametadasamprāgiti |
1)'iti|| āha--' katame te ' iti ? | ucyate " jāyate'sti vipariṇamate varddhate'pakṣīyate vinaśyatīti " |
3.4
"vyāptimattvāttu śabdasya" ucyate-sarvametadupapadyate | kasmāt ?, vyāptimattvācchabdasya | vyāpanaṃ vyāptiḥ, sā yasminnasti, so'yaṃ vyāptimān śabdaḥ, tadbhāvo vyāptimattvam | tasmād vyāptimattvācchabdasya ' sarvametadupapadyate ' iti vākyaśeṣaḥ || āha-kathaṃ punarvyāptimān śabda iti ? | śṛṇu-śarīre hyabhidhānābhidheyarūpā buddhirhṛdayāntargatākāśapratiṣṭhitā tayorabhidhānarūpābhidheyarūpayorbuddhyormadhyebhidhānarūpayā śāstrāmimataprayojanavijijñāpayiṣayā buddhyā puruṣeṇa tadabhivyaktisamarthena svaguṇabhūtena prayatnenodīryamāṇaḥ śabda uraḥkaṇṭhādivarṇasthāneṣu niṣpadyamānastayā puruṣārthābhidhānasamarthavarṇādibhāvamāpadyamānaḥ puruṣaprayatnena bahirvinikṣipto'vināśinī vyaktibhāvamāpannaḥ śrotradvāreṇānupraviśya pratyāyyasya buddhiṃ sarvārtharūpāṃ sarvābhidhānarūpāṃ vyāpnotītyevaṃ vyāptimāñchabdaḥ || āha-tataḥ kiṃ yadi vyāptimāñchabdaḥ ? | ucyate-' yadi nityau ' yadā nityaḥ padacatu ṣṭyādi sarvamupapadyata eva | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | na hyasaṃ vyāpya puruṣasya buddhayavasthamarthapratyayamādadhīta | na cānavasthito vyāpnuyāt | tataśca kim ? | sa śabdaḥ svamarthamabhidadhat svakriyāpraveśopajanitenābhidhānenākhyāta mityevamādinā svamātmānamabhisambadhya tiro bhavitumupakramate, vināśano-
peti | tasya svadeśopajanitairāsyānādibhiḥ svapradeśaviśeṣānusmṛtipūrvakaṃ parisaṃkhyānamupapadyata eva | tasmātsamyagevoktam || yat punaretaduktaṃ ' na hi vinaṣṭāvinaṣṭayoḥ parisaṃkhyānamasti ' iti || atra brūmaḥ- puruṣaprayatnopajanitādrakṣodbhūtāt parasyārthapratyayamādhāya śabdavyaktaya eva dhvaṃsante, na tu śabdākṛtayaḥ | tāstu tayābhidhānaśaktyā buddhidvāreṇāvasthitāḥ svānarthān prakāśayantyaḥ sthitā eva bhavanti | tāsu sākṣātpadaparisaṃkhyānaṃ varttamānamitarāsu vināśinīṣu vyaktiṣu lakṣaṇayopacaryyate | tasmād vyāptimattvācchabdasya padacatuṣṭvārdi sarvamupapadyata eva ||
3.5
āha-yadi vyāptimattvācchabdasya vyavahārārthaṃ padacatuṣṭayamupādīyate, evamapi nopādeyam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | abhinayā api vyāptimantaḥ pāṇivihārākṣinikocādayaḥ, taireva kāryyasiddhirastviti | api caivaṃ padacatuṣṭayadoṣairna sambhakṣyāmahe, na cāyamatimahān vedasamudraḥ paṭhitavyo bhaviṣyatyatikliśeneti || ucyate-syādetadevaṃ yadyayamaparo viśeṣaheturna syāt || katamaḥ ? | " aṇīyastvācca śabdena sañjñākaraṇaṃ vyavahārārthaṃ loke " | satyam, abhinayā api vyāptimantaḥ, na tvaṇīyāṃsaḥ, te mahatā yatnena vyāpnuvanti, na ca niḥsaṃdigdhaṃ kurvanti | tatpratītārthasambandhasyaiva netarasya | śabdastvaparimitamarthamalpīyasā yatnenoccārito vyāpnoti | tasmādaṇīyastvāditi viśeṣahetūpapattyā śabdenaiva sañjñākaraṇaṃ vyavahārārthaṃ loke ityupapannam || yat punaretaduktam- 'adhyayanadoṣairna saṃbhakṣyāmahe, na cāyamatimahān vedasamudro'dhyetavyo bhaviṣyati' iti || atra brūmaḥ-abhyudayo hyatra vedānurūpa eva bhavati, abhyudayārthaṃ naḥ śāstrārambhe yatnaḥ |
3.6
"teṣāṃ manuṣyavaddevatābhidhānam " | āha,-eva tāvanmanuṣyāṇāṃ manuṣyeṣu śabdena caturddhā bhaktenāvabodhakaraṇam | atha manuṣyāṇāṃ deveṣu haviḥsampradānāśīḥprārthanādilakṣaṇo vyavahāraḥ keneti ? | ucyate-teṣāmeva śabdānāṃyamiyameva vyavasthā deveṣvapi devānapi prati || katamā ? | manuṣyavaddevatābhidhānamiti | manuṣyeṇa tulyaṃ manuṣyavat ; devatābhidhānamabhihitairabhidhānam| yathaiva hi manuṣyāḥ prayojaneṣu nāmākhyātopasarganipātairyāthārthyamabhidadhati | evameva devā api | deveṣvapi śabdasyābhidhānenāpi śaktiraparihīnetyabhiprāyaḥ | te'pi hi manuṣyavadevā aṅgādiyuktāḥ pauruṣavidhikairaṅgaiḥ karmabhiśca saṃstūyanta iti hi vakṣyati || tasmādupapadyate manuṣyavaddevatābhidhānamiti |
3.7.1
āha-yadi nāmākhyātopasarganipātānāmaparihīnā śaktirdevānapyabhidhātum | atha kimarthaṃ vede mantraḥ samāmnātaḥ ? || ucyate- " puruṣavidyānityatvāt karmasampattirmantro vede " | puruṣeṣu manuṣyeṣu vidyāyāḥ vijñānasyānityatvāt puruṣavidyānityatvādaddhetoḥ karmasampattiḥ phalena sampādanam aviguṇakarmasampattiḥ, phalasampannameva karma bhaviṣyatītyevamarthaṃ vede mantraḥ ' samāmnātaḥ ' iti vākyaśeṣaḥ | itarathā hi puruṣeṣu vijñānasyānityatvādyathārthaṃ nābhidadhate devāścāmākhyātopasarganipātairaśikṣitatvānmandaśikṣitatvādvismaraṇaśīlatvādvā | devānāmaparādhyeyurayathāvatprayuñjānāḥ nāmākhyātopasarganipātān | tataśca sarvārthapratyakṣadṛśo devāḥ svalpamapyayathāvadabhidhānaṃ na marṣayanti viguṇametaditi | vidyā'nityatvāttadabhāve neyuḥ karmāṇa | tataśca devatāhīnaṃ karmaphalaṃ sampadyate | na ca kevalaṃ phalāsampattiḥ, || kiṃ tarhi ?, duritahetuko doṣo'pi syāt | tasmādeta eva nāmākhyātopasarganipātāḥ prayogānuparipāṭīniyamārthaṃ mantratvena vede samāmnātāḥ | nahi nāmākhyātopasarganipātāna parityajya mantrāḥ santi | etadeva caturvidhaṃ padajātaṃ prayogānuparipāṭyā kayācidavasthitaṃ mantrā ityucyante || āha-kathamanityatvaṃ vidyāyāḥ puruṣeṣviti ? | ucyate- iha yena vākyaviracanānukrameṇa arthamanvaneprepsyate, ' manuṣya evameva brūyāt- ' tvaṃ gantuṃ devadattam' iti | sa tenaiva vākyaviracanānukrameṇa baddhamapi mantamartha na śaknoti pratipādayitum | evamanityatvaṃ vidyāyāḥ puruṣeṣu | tadadoṣaṃ vā manuṣyāna prati, sarveṣāmeva manuṣyāṇāmānityatvādvidyāyāḥ |
3.7.2
ayamapi hi yena vākyānukrameṇa vakti manuṣyaḥ kañcidarthaṃ, na tenaiva śvā śaknoti vaktum || tatra yadukaṃ 'kimartha mantro vede samāmnātaḥ' iti | idaṃ na yuktam || 'puruṣavidyānityatvātkarmaphalasampattyarthaṃ mantro vede samāmnātaḥ' iti | nahyavicāritameva vijñāyate | ata idamāha || padacatuṣṭvamāśritya pakṣapratipakṣābhyo vicāryya avadhāritam | vipayaścākṣepaprasaṅgenaivāsya pariklṛptaḥ devamanuṣyavyavahārthamanedini || tadetatsarvamapi codakavaśāna prasaktānuprasaktamuktam | bhāvantu prakṛto yatamanveṣṭumamadhunā varṇayiṣyāmaḥ | sa ca punarubhayātmā bhāvaḥ | kāryātmā kāraṇātmā ca | tayoryaḥ kāryātmā tamadhikṛtyoktam- " kriyānirvarvyoṃ yo'rthaḥ sa bhāvaḥ, kriyaiva vā bhāvaḥ "- iti | idānīṃ kāraṇātmā bhāvo nirūpyate | kathaṃ kriyādravyayoḥ svātmabhyo viśeṣaḥ, kāryātmapradhvastayoḥ puruṣopabhogamantānopakṣaye kāryātmabhāvātītaḥ, yenātmabhāvena bhavanamātrābhisambandhano pralayakāle'vatiṣṭhate, so'tyantāvināśadharmamātra ātmā bhāva ityucyate || āha-kathamayamiha prasaktaḥ ? | śṛṇu-tadvikārā eva hi dravyaguṇakarmabhāvenāvasthitāḥ manto nāmākhyātopasarganipātairabhidhīyante | sthitikāle asāvapi ca prahīṇasarvvaviśeṣabhavanamātrakriyābhisambandhī san vyāvṛttasarvvopapadābhyāṃ nāmākhyātaśabdābhyāmucyate-'bhavatīti' bhāva iti ca | śabdagarttatvādapoḍhasarvvaviśeṣāpamyetāmavasthā metau śabdāvāskandataḥ | yata etayoreva sādhāraṇārthamaryāmaha prasaṅgataḥ padacatuṣṭādhikaraṇe || āha,-pradhānametat syāt | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | taddvāyena hyetajjagadavatiṣṭhate pralayakāla ityeke manyante |
3.7.3
tacca naiva | kiṃ kāraṇam ?, bhāvavikāra eva hi sopapadaśabdavācyatvāt pradhānabhāva iti hyucyate || puruṣastarhi ? | tatrāpyayameva hetuḥ, anupakṣīṇaśaktitvāt || etenaiva īśvaraparamāṇvādibhovavikārāḥ pratyuktāḥ | īśvarabhāvaḥ paramāṇubhāva iti sopapadatvāt|| śūnyaṃ tarhi ?, tadapi na | yasmācchūnyaśabde'pi bhāvaśabdāsaṅgadarśanam, na hyasatyarthe śabdaḥ prayujyate | śabdo hi śabdasyārthena sambaddhaḥ | kiñcittadasti yacchūnyamiti| loke hi prasiddham'gṛhaṃ śūnyaṃ, grāmaḥ śūnyaḥ, śūnye śabdamahasva' iti | tasmānna śūnyaśabdenobhāva evocyate | kiṃ tarhi,apekṣākṛtaṃ śūnyatvamiti|bhāvaśabda evātropapadatvena yukta iti cet,na,prayogāprasiddheḥ| na hi bhāvaibhāva iti prasiddhaḥ prayogaḥ| na ca prayujyamāno'pi bhāvaśabdo bhāvaśabda evopapadatvena pradhānādiśabdavat kañcidviśeṣapratyayamādadhāti || tasmāt sarvopapadahīnasya bhavaterātmabhāvenedaṃ jagannityam, itaraistu bhāvavikāraiḥ paramāṇvādibhirbhāvavikāragatātmabhiranityam || kasmāt ? | vikārātmakatvādaiva | vikāro hyanityaḥ, tamevaṃ bhavanamātrābhisambandhena prahīṇasarvabhāvavikāram etatsadbhāvavido'vadhṛtavedāntarahasyamamṛḍhaḥ pairāvaravido medhāvina ātmakṛtsnakāritayā muktāvikārabandhanā etatsmajñānādevopakṣīṇakarmmopabhogāmantānāḥ santa ātmakāmāḥ pratipadyante | netare pradhānādivido vedānuśāsanekadeśānīśvaragurupradhānādīnāṃnityāna bhāvavikārān svamatikalpanāhetuvyavahitān matvā sthirīkṛtyānena pratipadyante bhavanamātrābhisambandhena tadetasmādātmana udvijanta ātmaprakāśakāntaryāmyayaṃ (?) citsantānamiva manyamānāḥ |
3.7.4
kecicca śaktihānāvasaṃvādhanādeva | sa eṣa iha vedānvaidavadārthanirvacanābhiniveśaśabdānāṃ sāmānyaviśeṣavṛttyupadeśaprasaṅge pravarttamāne bhavateḥ kṛdantībhūtasya bhavanamātrameva vaktu sāmarthyam, netarān bhāvavikārān vidyamānānapītyetena prasaṅgenātra saṃsūcito vedarahasyo brāhmaṇaiḥ |
3.8
tatra vistareṇāyaṃ vidhīyate,-ukto dvividho bhāvaḥ-kāraṇarūpaḥ kāryyarūpaśca | tatra kāraṇo'vikṛtatvādabhinna evetyavagatam || idānīṃ kāryyarūpasyānekavikṛtarūpatvāddijñeyatvena nirvaktumāha “ ṣaḍ bhāvavikārā bhavantīti vārṣṇāyaṇiḥ ” | bhāva uktalakṣaṇo nityaṃ vikṛtikāraṇam | tairvikārairviśiṣṭaḥ ṣaṭprakārobhidhīyata upacārataḥ | yato'yaṃ
vidyamānatāmeva bhāvanāśabdenābhidhatta | tena yo vidyamānamātrabhavanātmakaḥ sa eva bhinno 'bhidhīyate || api ca lakṣaṇavido vigṛhṇanti bhāvaśabdaṃ bhavateḥ svapadārthe--bhavanaṃ bhāva iti | " sanmātraṃ bhāvaliṅgaṃ syāt "--iti ca paṭhanti | tasya vikārā bhāvavikārāḥ bhavantīti sāmānyādātmanaḥ praskandā iva santaḥ svenasvena vaiśeṣikeṇa bhāvavikārātmalābhāya bhavanti | iti paraḥ prayujyamānaḥ śabdaḥ śabdapadārthakaḥ || ka evamāha--" ṣaḍ bhāvavikārāḥ "--iti ? | ucyate--" vārṣyāyaṇiḥ "--iti | tikādipāṭhāt phiñ | ācāryya iti vākyaśeṣaḥ || nirdeśāt upalabdhvānāṃ ṣaḍityavadhāraṇaṃ sukhārtham | vakṣyāmaḥ--'ato'nye bhāvavikārā eteṣāmeva vikārā bhavanti(1|
āha,--eteṣāṃ janyādīnāṃ bhāvavikāraśabdānāṃ kaḥ kasyāṃ vikārāvasthāyāmavasthitaṃ bhāvamācaṣṭe, kaṃ vā vidyamānamapi nācaṣṭe, kaṃ vā na pratiṣedhatīti ? || ucyate " jāyata iti pūrvabhāvasyādimācaṣṭe, nāparabhāvamācaṣṭe, na pratiṣedhati " | janiḥ pūrvo bhāvaḥ, tasya pūrvabhāvasya ṣaṇṇāṃ bhāvavikārāṇāṃ yadi vānyo yaḥ pūrvo bhāvavikāraḥ tasya jāyata ityanena śabdenādimācaṣṭe || āha- kimādimeva ? | netyucyate | uktam 'upakramaprabhṛtyapavargaparyyantam' iti | sa eva pūrvāparībhūto bhāvastāvadeva jāyata ityucyate | yāvanniṣṭhāśabdavācyaḥ saṃvṛtto 'jātaḥ' iti | nāparabhāvamācaṣṭe, na pratiṣedhati | neti pratiṣedhe | aparo bhāvaḥ aparabhāvaḥ || āha- kasmādaparaḥ ? paurvāparyyaṃ hi deśakālakṛtam, | ucyate---janiśabdavācyo bhāvavikāraḥ pūrvaḥ, tasmādaparakālo'stiśabdavācyaḥ | tatraivaṃ sati janiśabdavācye bhāvavikāre asterapyartho'sti vidyamānatā | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | na hyavidyamāno jāyate | api ca kāraṇātmani bhāve sarva ete bhāvavikārāḥ santi | sarvārthaprasavaśaktitvāttasya | yathā pṛthivyāṃ ghaṭādayo bhāvavikārāḥ| te tu dvāradvāribhāvena viśeṣātmalābhaṃ prāpnuvanti | tadyathā--janidvāreṇāstiḥ, astidvāreṇa vipariṇamatiḥ | kiṃ kāraṇam ?| na hyajāto'stītyucyate | nāpyavidyamāno virpariṇamata iti | tatraivaṃ sati jāyata ityeṣa śabdo janmaiva kevalaṃ bravītyavivakṣitetarabhāvaviśeṣam | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | ekārthavṛttitvācchabdasya | astiśabdavācyasya bhāvavikārasyāsampūrṇatvāt | anavadhṛtarūpaṃ hi tasyāmavasthāyāṃ tadbhavatyanumānagamyaṃ kimapi jāyata iti | tasmājjāyata ityeṣa śabdo jāyamānāvasthāyāmastitvaṃ vidyamānamapi nācaṣṭe || āha,-yadi nācaṣṭe'rthādāpannaṃ bhavati-pratiṣedhatīti | ucyate-"na pratiṣedhati"iti | astitvasya na pratiṣedhaṃ karotītyarthaḥ | kiṃ kāraṇam ? | ucyate-astitvātmavānapi hyasau 'jāyate'| etasmin pratiṣiddhe'nātmaka eva syāt | kamārabhya jāyate | tasmānna pratiṣedhatyastitvam ? | 'upasthitatvācca' | upasthita eva pratyāsannastasyāvadhāraṇakāla ityataśca na pratiṣedhati || evameva prapañca uttareṣvapi bhāvavikāreṣu | samāsastu yatra yadvaktavyaṃ tatra tad brūmaḥ |
3.10
"astītyutpannasya sattvasyāvadhāraṇam" | astīti jātasya sattvasyāvadhāraṇamātraṃ bravīti, na vipariṇāmamācaṣṭe, apūrṇatvāt | na pratiṣedhatyupasthitatvāt |
3.11
"vipariṇamata ityapracyavamānasya tattvādvikāram" | vipariṇamata ityeṣa śabdo'pracyavamānasya tattvādaprabhraśyamānasya tattvāttadbhāvādvikāram | yo'sya bhāvo'stitvaṃ svarūpaṃ vā, tasmādvikāraṃ vikriyāmātraṃ bravīti, na vṛddherarthamācaṣṭe, na pratiṣedhati |
3.12
"varddhata iti svāṅgābhyuccayaṃ, sāṃyogikānāṃ vārthānām" | varddhata ityeṣa śabdaḥ, sveṣāmaṅgānāṃ śirogrīvāvāhūdaradīnāṃ, sāṃyogikānāṃ vā hiraṇyadhānyādīnām, abhyuccayamāha, abhyuccitatāṃ bravīti || āha-kathaṃ prayogaḥ ? | ucyate-"varddhate vijayeneti vā varddhate śarīreṇeti vā" | varddhate vijayeneti sāṃyogikeṣu udāharaṇaṃ varddhate śarīreṇeti svāṅgābhyuccaye | atra varddhata iti bruvannāpakṣīyatimācaṣṭe, na pratiṣedhati |
3.13
"apakṣīyata ityetenaiva vyākhyātaḥ pratilomam" | yathaiva hi svāṅgai sāṃyogikairvā dravyairupacīyate, tathaivāpakṣīyate | tatrāpi nācaṣṭe, na pratiṣedhati |
3.14
vināśa etrāparabhāvastasyādimācaṣṭe | kimādimeva ? | na ityucyate | 'upakramaprabhṛtyapavargaparyyantam ' ityuktaṃ yāvadvinaṣṭa iti | sa ca vināśaṃ bruvan• na pūrvabhāvamācaṣṭe'pakṣīya te'rthe vidyamānamapi tasmin vināśe | kathaṃ yugapadapakṣīyate'rtho vināśe'stīti ?, ucyate-na hyanapakṣīyamāṇo vinaśyet |
Linked texts (1)
- Nirukta — Yāska, Sanskrit