Kaṭha Upaniṣad 6.1

Kaṭhaprakāśikā (Raṅgarāmānuja) 6.1

Language: Sanskrit

6.1.1 — 1 part
6.1.1-2 — 10 parts
6.1.2 — 2 parts
6.1.3-2 — 1 part
6.1.3-3 — 2 parts
6.1.4 — 4 parts
6.1.4-2 — 11 parts
6.1.5 — 10 parts
6.1.6 — 25 parts

6.1.p5

(parabrahmaṇaḥ prakṛtyapekṣayā vilakṣaṇatva pratipādanam)

6.1.p6

ūrdhvamūlo avākśākha eṣo s śvatthassanātanaḥ |

6.1.p7

tadeva śukraṃ tadbrahma tadevāmṛtamucyate | tasmin lokāḥ

6.1.p8

śritāssarve tadu nātyeti kaścana || etadvai tat|

pra.dī. - saṃsāravṛkṣaparabrahmaṇoḥ vailakṣaṇyamāha - ūrdhvamūlo avākśākha iti| eṣaḥ aśvatthaḥ - saṃsārarūpāśvatthavṛkṣaḥ, ūrdhvamūlaḥ | ūrdhvaḥ - saptalokopari1 vidyamāna satyalokaḥ, mūlam - yasya saṃsāravṛkṣasya ādiḥ saḥ ūrdhvamūlaḥ, avākśākhaḥ | avāk - adhogatāḥ bhūmyādipātālāntalokastha naramṛgasarīsṛpakīṭādirūpāḥ, śākhāḥ yasya avākśākhaḥ | sanātanaḥ - cirantanaḥ, anādivṛkṣaḥ asti | saṃsāravṛkṣa etādṛśaḥ ityuktvā, brahma tadvilakṣaṇamiti darśayati śukram2 - śubhram, tat brahma, tadeva - brahmaiva, saṃsāravṛkṣavilakṣaṇameva ityarthaḥ | tadeva amṛtam - amṛtasvarūpamiti ucyate tasmillokāḥ iti | sarvelokāḥ - lokapālāśca paramātmani śritāḥ - sthitā ityarthaḥ | tadu nātyeti kaścana | tat - paraṃ brahma, kaścana - ko'pi, nātyeti - nātikramate, etadvaitat |

6.1.p10

tat - paratattvam, etadvai - etanmantra pratipādyameva ||

6.1.p11

pra. - ūrdhvamūlo avākśākha eṣo'śvatthaḥ sanātanaḥ | ayaṃ ca mantrakhaṇḍaḥ, ūrdhvamūlam adhaśśākham iti gītāvyākhyānāvasare bhagavatā bhāṣyakṛtā vyākhyātaḥ | itthaṃ hi tatra bhāṣyam - yaṃ saṃsārākhyam aśvattham ūrdhvamūlam adhaśśākham avyayaṃ aśvatthaṃ prāhuḥ śrutayaḥ - ūrdhvamūlo avākśākha eṣo'śvatthaḥ sanātanaḥ (ka.u.6-1), ūrdhvamūlamavākśākhaṃ vṛkṣaṃ yo veda samprati (yaju.ā-1-11-5) ityādyāḥ| saptalokopariniviṣṭa caturmukhāditvena tasya ūrdhvamūlatvam | pṛthivīnivāsi sakalanarapaśumṛgakrimikīṭapataṅgasthāvarāntatayā adhaśśākhatvam (gī.bhā.15-1) iti | tadvilakṣaṇameva1 brahmeti darśayati - tadeva śukraṃ iti pūrvameva vyākṛto'yaṃ mantraḥ ||

6.1.p12

ā.bhā. - ūrdhvamūlaḥ - ūrdhva sakalalokopari vartamāne satyaloke pratiṣṭhitatvāt hiraṇyagarbha eva ūrdhvabhūtaḥ tadeva mūlam | āditvāt itaraprapañcasya prathamāvayavo yasya saṃsārarūpasyāśvatthasya, saḥ ūrdhvamūlaḥ, hiraṇyagarbhātmakamūlāvayavaḥ avācyaḥ, adhogatāḥ pṛthivyādilokapratiṣṭhitāḥ manuṣyapaśupakṣisthāvarātmikāḥ, śākhāḥ - śākhākhyāvayavāḥ yasya saḥ avākśākhaḥ | prasṛtattvasāmyāt manuṣyapaśvādiṣu śākhātvopacāraḥ eṣaḥ - dṛśyamānaḥ, sanātanaḥ - anāditvāt cirakālīnaḥ pravāharūpeṇa2 āyāti iti sanātana ucyate, na tu avināśī aśvatthaḥ - bṛkṣaviśeṣaḥ,śvaḥ tiṣṭhati iti

6.1.1

śvatthaḥ, sa na bhavati iti aśvatthaḥ, śvo vināśi iti aparosrtho dyotyate | tena saṃsārāśvatthasya, śvo vināśitā pratipāditā bhavati ayaṃ ca aśvattho yataḥ paramakāraṇāt abhinnanimittopādānarūpāt bhavati, tadeva śukram viśuddham, tat brahma - saṃsārāśvatthakāraṇameva brahma, tadeva aśvatthakāraṇam, amṛtam - nirupādhikāmṛtattvavat niratiśayabhogyaṃ vā ucyate - bodhyate śāstraiḥ | tasminneva parabrahmaṇi sarve lokāḥ śritāḥ - pratiṣṭhitā bhavanti, utpatyādisamayeṣu | tadu - tat brahma, kaścana - ko'pi, nātyeti - nātikramati | etadvai tat - etadeva saṃsārāśvatthanidānameva, tat - pūrvoktam, viṣṇoḥ paramaṃ padam (su.u.6) ityarthaḥ ||

6.1.1.p1

su - brahma duravabodhamiti, punarupadeśārambhaḥ | tatrādau - prapañcādvilakṣaṇamidaṃ paraṃ brahma ityucyate - ūrdhvamūla iti | eṣaḥ - paridṛśyamānaḥ prapañacaḥ, ko'pi aśvatthaḥ | śvo na sthāsyati iti, tathā nirūpyate | etena vināśitvāt anupādeyatvaṃ vyajyate | prasiddhādaśvatthāt asminnaśvatthe viśeṣamāha - ūrdhvamūlo s vākśākha iti | sarveṣām uparitano hiraṇyagarbhaḥ asya mūlamiti ūrdhvamūlam ucyate | tato'dho'dho devamanuṣyapaśupakṣisthāvarāntānāṃ prasṛteḥ avāk śākhatvam | parabrahmaṇo mūlatvāt ūrdhvamūlatvaṃ tu na yogyaṃ vaktum; śākhāyāmiva mūle'pi vṛkṣatvaprāpteḥ anupādeyatvaprasaṅgāt | ayaṃ ca sanātanaḥ - cirantanaḥ; anāditvāt saṃsārasya | tamimam atikṣudrasukhaduḥkhaphalam, praphulladharmādharmakusuma- sañcayam, paritaḥ samudgataśabdādiviṣayapravālaṃ, pracalakarmapalāśaparipūrṇaṃ, dṛḍhamūlam, sarvabhūtopajīvyam asaṅgaśastreṇa

6.1.1-2

chedyamāha bhagavān aśvatthamenaṃ suvirūḍhamūlam asaṅgaśastreṇa dṛḍhena chitvā (bha.gī.15-3) iti | parabrahma tu itaḥ atyantavilakṣaṇam, amṛtatvāt śuddhatvāt | upādeyaṃ prāguktameveti jñāpayati - tadeva iti | yadeva pūrvamuktam - ya eṣa supteṣu jāgarti kāmaṃ kāmaṃ puruṣo nirmimāṇaḥ (ka.u.5-8) iti | tasyaiva mantrasyottaro bhāga iha anuśrūyate ||

6.1.1-2.p1

dvitīyo mantraḥ

6.1.1-2.p2

(sarvaṃ jagat paramātmādhīnapravṛttimat)

6.1.1-2.p3

yadidaṃ kiñca jagat sarvaṃ prāṇa ejati nissṛtam |

6.1.1-2.p4

mahadbhayaṃ vajramudyataṃ ya etadviduramṛtāste bhavanti ||

6.1.1-2.p5

pra.dī. - yadidaṃ kiñca iti | prāṇe -śabdavācye, svādhīnasarvaloke, ana-prāṇane (dhā.pā.1020) iti dhātuḥ | aṅraguṣṭhamātra paramātmani, idam - paridṛśyamānam, yatkiñcijjagat asti, sarvaṃ nissṛtam tasmāt paramātmanaḥ nirgatam sat, etajjagat, mahadbhayam - pañcamyarthe dvitīyā mahadbhayāt, vajramudyatam - udyata vajrāyudhādiva, pūrvavat pañcamī | asmāt paramātmanaḥ ejati - kampati prabhuṇā avidhīyamānakāryākaraṇādiva calanaṃ prāpnuvanti iti yāvat | bhīṣā smādvātaḥ pavate1 (tai.āna.7) ityādi pramāṇāntara arthānusandheyaḥ | ye janāḥ, etat viduḥ, etat paraṃ brahma sāmarthyaṃ jānanti, te amṛtāḥ - muktāḥ bhavanti ||

6.1.1-2.p6

pra. - ya idaṃ kiñca jagat sarvaṃ prāṇa ejati nissṛtam | mahadnayaṃ vajramudyatam - ayaṃ ca mantrakhaṇḍaḥ kampanāt (bra.sū.1-3-40) iti sūtre bhagavatā bhāṣyakṛtā vyākhyātaḥ | tatra amuṃ mantraṃ prastutya, kṛtsnasya jagataḥ asmin aṅguṣṭhamātre puruṣe prāṇaśabdanirdiṣṭe sthitānāṃ,

6.1.1-2.p7

sarveṣāṃ tato nissṛtānāṃ, tasmāt sañjātamahābhayanimittam, ejanam kampanam śrūyate | tacchāsanātivṛttau kiṃ bhaviṣyati iti mahato bhayāt, vajrādivodyatāt kṛtsnaṃ jagat kampate ityarthaḥ | bhayādasyāgnistapati ityanenaikārthyāt, mahadbhayam vajramudyatam2 iti pañcamyarthe prathamā iti bhāṣitam | vivṛtaṃ ca etat śrutaprakāśikāyām - prāṇa iti saptamyantapadasāmarthyāt, sthitānām ityadhyāhāraḥ | kuto nissṛtānām ityapekṣāyāṃ prakṛtasyaiva apādanatvamāha - tata iti .... .ejanam - kampanam iti | ejṛkampane (pā.dhā.234) iti hi dhātuḥ | pratyavāyabhayāt svasvakārya (ryeṣu)pravṛttiḥ - kampanam | udyatavajrādiva paramapuruṣāt sañjātena bhayena, kṛtsnaṃ jagat kampata ityarthaḥ iti | atra1 mahadbhayaṃ vajramudyatam iti catvāri padāni pañcamyarthaprathamāntāni | ādyaṃ pañcamyarthaprathamāntapadadvayam, bhayavāci | uttaraṃ tu padadvayam,taddhetubhūta- prāṇaśabditaparabrahmaparam iti draṣṭavyam | kecittu,2 bibheti asmāt iti bhayam; bhayānakam ityarthaḥ | mahābhayānakodyatavajravat svasmānnissṛtaṃ prāṇaśabditaḥ paramātmā kampayati | ejati1 ityasya vyarthagarbhospi artha ityapi amumapi arthaṃ varṇayanti | ya etadviduramṛtāste bhavanti spaṣṭosrthaḥ ata eva prāṇaḥ (bra.sū.1-1-9) ityadhikaraṇanyāyāt prāṇaśabdasya paramātmaparatve na vivāda iti draṣṭavyam ||

6.1.1-2.p8

ā.bhā. - idam - paridṛśyamānam, yat kiñca - yatkiñcit

6.1.1-2.p9

agnivāyvādityādikaṃ, jagat, tatsarvam - samastameva jagat, nissṛtam prāṇādutpadyamānam, prāṇe eva abhinnanimittopādānabhūte parabrahmaṇi, ejati - kampate, calati | prāṇapadavācyaparabrahmaṇa eva nirgatam, tatraiva svasvavyāpāraṃ kurute ityetat | etasya jagata utpatyādikāraṇaṃ tat brahma mahadbhayam, bibheti asmān jagaditi, bhayam - bhayajanakam ityarthaḥ | tatra hetumāha - vajramudyatam | udyatam - prahartuṃ sajjīkṛtam, vajrameva tat | kaścit prahartukāmaḥ svakare vajramudyatam kurute, tadvā udyattaṃ vajraṃ yathā mahadbhaya janakam ; tathā prāṇapadavācyaṃ jagatkāraṇaṃ brahmāpi, mahadbhayajanakam ataḥ tacchāsanānuvartino bhūtvā, vāyvādayo niyamena svasvavyāpārā bhavanti ityarthaḥ | ye janāḥ; etat - prāṇa śabdavācyam apramādena svasvavyāpāre pravartanāya jagato bhayajanakaṃ brahma, viduḥ jānanti, te amṛtā bhavanti- saṃsārānmucyante ||

6.1.1-2.p10

su. - yadidam iti | yatkiñca idaṃ jagat - vāyvādityādi lakṣaṇam, svasmādeva nissṛtam, prāṇaḥ - paraṃ brahma, ejati - kampayati | sve sve karmaṇi apramādena vyāpārayati | katham? taddhi mahadbhayam - bibhetyasmāditi bhayam | udyataṃ vajrameva tu tat | anenātiśayena bhayādhāyakatā samarthyate | svāminā samudyataṃ vajramavalokya yathā bhītāḥ sve sve karmaṇi pravarteran bhṛtyāḥ tathā parasya brahmaṇaḥ praśāsanavaśagāḥ, sve sve karmaṇi sarva eva pravartanta iti bhāvaḥ | atra ejati ṇyarthagarbhaḥ

6.1.2

|
yadvā - udyatādvajrānmahato bhayāt prāṇāt hetoḥ ejati iti anvayaḥ | supāṃ suḥ | bhāvastu sa eva | etat - sarvasya jagataḥ praśāsakaṃ paraṃ brahma, ye viduste s mutā bhavanti ||

6.1.2.p1

tṛtīyo mantraḥ

6.1.2.p2

(indrādīnāṃ bhagavanniyamitakāryakaraṇa sāmarthyavatvam)

6.1.3

bhayādasyāgnistapati bhayāt tapati sūryaḥ |
bhayādindraśca vāyuśya mṛtyurdhāvati pañcamaḥ |
pra.dī. - bhagavanniyamitasvasvakāryākaraṇe indrādīnāmapi bhayaṃ bhavati ityāha - bhayādagniḥ iti | asya paramātmānaḥ, bhayāt, agniḥ tapati - sūryospi asya bhayāt tapati, indraśca, vāyuśca pañcamaḥ, mṛtyuśca, pañcatvakārakaḥ1 mṛtyurapi, asya bhayāt dhāvati, ete sarvebhagavanniyamitakāryakaraṇe śīghragamanaṃ kurvanti iti yāvat ||

6.1.3-2

praḥ. - bhayādasyāgniḥ iti | dhāvṛ 1 śabdaḥ indrādīnāṃ svavyāpāra2 pravṛttiparaḥ | śiṣṭaṃ spaṣṭam |
ā.bhā. - pūrvoktameva vivṛṇute| asya - parabrahmaṇo, bhayāt - tadutpāditabhītyā, agnistapati dāhajanako bhavati asya bhayāt sūryaḥ tapati - prakāśate | asya bhayāt indraśca vāyuśca pañcamo mṛtyuśca dhāvati - svasvavyāpāraparo bhavati | indravahnisūryādīnāmapi niyatā svavyāpārapravṛttiḥ, paramātmaśāsanātikrame bhayādeva bhavati iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.3-2.p1

su. - yādidaṃ kiñca jagatsarvaṃ prāṇa ejati iti sāmānyato nirdiṣṭam, viśeṣato nidarśayati - bhayādasya iti | dhāvati sve sve karmaṇyapramatta, ityetat | samarthā api agnyādayo lokapālāḥ

6.1.3-3

asmātprāṇāt praśāsituḥ bhītāḥ svakāryāṇi apramādena kurvanti iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.3-3.p1

caturtho mantraḥ

6.1.3-3.p2

(śarīrapatanātpūrvameva brahmajñānasyāvaśyasampādanīyatā)

6.1.4

iha cedaśakat boddhuṃ prāk śarīrasya visrasaḥ |
tatassargeṣu lokeṣu śarīratvāya kalpate |
pra.dī. - dehapatanātpūrvameva brahmajñānaprayatnaḥ kartavya ityāha - ihacedaśakat iti | śarīravisrasaḥ - śarīrapatanāt, prāk - jīvadaśāyām, iha - ihaloke vidyamānadaśāyāmeva, boddhum - paraṃ brahmajñātum aśaktaścet, tataḥ - dehapātādanantaram, sargeṣu1 - sṛjyamāneṣu, lokeṣu manuṣyādilokeṣu, śarīratvāya - jarāmaraṇayuktaśarīralābhārtham, kalpate samartho bhavati ||

6.1.4.p1

praḥ. - iha cet1 iti | śarīrasya visrasaḥ - visraṃsanāt patanāt prāk iha - loke brahma boddhum, aśakaccet aśaknuvāṃścet | vikaraṇavyatyayaḥ chāndasaḥ | tataḥ sargeṣu lokeṣu śarīratvāya kalpate | tataḥ - tasmāt jñānābhāvāt hetoḥ, sṛjyamānasarvalokeṣu2 janmajarādimatvalakṣaṇaśīryamāṇatvāya bhavati ityarthaḥ | tasmāt śarīra pātātprāgeva ātmajñānāya yateta iti bhāvaḥ |

6.1.4.p2

ā.bhā. - iha - asmiṃlloke, śarīrasya - śīryamāṇasvabhāvasya

6.1.4.p3

dehasya, visrasaḥ - patanāt, prāk - pūrvameva, jīvanakāla eva ityetat | brahma boddhum - jñātum,sākṣātkartum ityetat, aśakat - aśaknot,3 cet yadi, tadā saṃsārāt mukto bhavati | aśakat ityatra chāndasaḥ śap | bhāvyantu śnuḥ iti bodhyam4 | na cet brahma boddhumaśakat, tataḥ - tasmādajñānādeva hetoḥ, sargeṣu - prāṇisarjanādhāreṣu, lokeṣu - pṛthivyādiṣu, śarīratvāya - śarīrabhāvāya, narapaśupakṣiprabhṛti- śarīragrahaṇāya, kalpate tadyogyo bhavati | tasmāt śarīrapātātpūrvameva paramātmajñānāya yateta anyathā janmajarāmaraṇādirūpaḥ saṃsārosvaśyaṃbhāvī iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.4.p4

su. - sapadi yatitavyam asya vijñānāya ityāśayenāha - iha iti | ayameva samucitaḥ samayo vijñānāya, yat iha loke ātmānātmavivecanakṣamaṃ vapuḥ upalabdham, paramidaṃ viśaraṇaikasvabhāvam, ata eva śarīramiti prathate, tat yāvat na viśīryeta, tāvatyeva avakāśe sarvasya praśāsitṛ paramātmasvarūpam adhigantavyam nāma | iha śarīrasya visrasaḥ prāk -

6.1.4-2

śarīraviśaraṇataḥ prāk, uktaṃ paramātmasvarūpaṃ , boddhuṃ cedaśakat - aśaknuvāṃścet | vikaraṇavyatyayaśchāndasaḥ | sa hi tataḥ sargeṣu - sṛjikarmasu paśupakṣyādiṣu, lokeṣu, yatra kvacidbhūtvā, śarīratvāya kalpate, jarāmaraṇādi yogāyaiva iti yāvat ||

6.1.4-2.p1

pañcamomantraḥ

6.1.4-2.p2

(ātmapratītidhikārānuguṇatayā)

6.1.4-2.p3

yathā ss darśe tathā ss tmani yathā svapne tathā pitṛloke

6.1.4-2.p4

yathā s psu parīva dadṛśe tathā gandharvaloke chāyātapayoriva brahmaloke |

6.1.4-2.p5

pra.dī. - tathāspi brahmādilokasyairapi paramātmā durbodhya ityāha - yathā ss darśa iti | yathā ss darśe tathā ss tmani - yathā ādarśe darpaṇe pratīyamānaṃ mukhādikam, parīva dadṛśe - parito dṛṣṭamiva vidyate kintu pratyakṣadṛṣṭa bahirnirgata vāgvyāpārayukta- manuṣyādimukhavat na vidyate, tathā ātmani - ātmaviṣayikā pratītiḥ ityarthaḥ | spaṣṭam ihaloke na prakāśata iti yāvat | yathā svapne tathā pitṛloke - yathā svapnadṛṣṭaṃ vastu, parīva dadṛśe parito dṛśyamānamiva vidyate | kintu pratyakṣadṛṣṭapadārthavat1 saṃśaya viparyayarahitaṃ na dṛśyate, tathā gandharvaloke - tathā ātmano hi āpātapratītiḥ asti, na tu spaṣṭapratītiḥ, chāyātapayoriva brahmaloke - yathā chāyātapamiśrasthānagataṃ vastu, parīva dadṛśe paritodṛṣṭamiva bhāti, kintu kevalātapasthānasthitavastuvat saṃśayaviparyayarahitaṃ na dṛśyate, tathā brahmaloke - chāyātapasadṛśajñānājñānayukta caturmukha brahmaloke - kevalātapasthānabhūta parabrahmaloka iva, na hi ātmanaḥ spaṣṭapratītiḥ iti bhāvaḥ |

6.1.4-2.p6

taittirīya ānandavallīgatamanuṣyagandharvādiparabrahmalokagatānandatāratamyavat ātmapratītiḥ2 adhikārānuguṇatayā aspaṣṭa-spaṣṭa-spaṣṭatara-spaṣṭatama iti vijñeyā ||

6.1.4-2.p7

pra. - ātmano durbodhatvamevāha - yathā iti1| yathā ss darśe candrikāyāḥ abhāvāt na spaṣṭaḥ pratibhāsaḥ tathā iha loke ātmani ityarthaḥ | yadvā -

6.1.4-2.p8

yathā ādarśe - darpaṇe, pratīyamānaṃ vastu sākṣāt dṛṣṭavastuvat pratyaṅmukhatvādikalpitārthānavaruddhatayā na upalabhyate; tathā iha ātmaviṣayiṇī pratītiḥ ityarthaḥ | lokāntarespi tathā ityāha - yathā svapne tathā pitṛloke | yathā svapnadarśanasya jāgraddarśanavat samyaktayā saṃśayādivirodhitayā punaḥ anusandhānayogyatvābhāvaḥ, tathā pitṛloka ityarthaḥ | yathā apsu parīva dadṛśe tathā gandharvaloke | yathā jalāntaḥ stha vastunaḥ na itaravat spaṣṭaprakāśaḥ tadvat paridadṛśa iva | na vastutaḥ parito dṛśyata ityarthaḥ | gandharvalokespi āpātataḥ pratītimātram ityarthaḥ | chāyātapayoriva brahmaloke - yathā chāyātapayoḥ miśraṇe śuddhātapavartipadārthavat na upalambhaḥ; evaṃ brahmalokespi na samyak upalambhaḥ | ato duradhigamam ātmatattvamiti bhāvaḥ |

6.1.4-2.p9

yadvā - brahmaloke yadyapi chāyātapayoḥ vivicya upalambhavat ātmānātma- svarūpayoḥ vivicya upalambhaḥ sambhavati;tathāpi na atratyānāmātmatattvaṃ sulabhamiti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.4-2.p10

ā.bhā. - nanu - katham ihaiva brahmajñānāya yatna āstheyaḥ? anyatrāpi devādiloke kṛte yatne yadi paramātmatattvaṃ vijñāyeta, syādeva muktiryataḥ paramātmasākṣātkārasya - muktihetutā, na lokaviśeṣaniyantrita ityāśaṅkāyāmāha - yathā ss darśa iti | ihaloke śarīrāpātāt prāgeva yatnādhāne tu kāraṇamidameva; yat ihaloke jāyamānaṃ paramātmajñānaṃ yathā viśadataraṃ bhavatitathā nānyalokeṣu iti tadeva darśayati - yathā ādarśe tathāstmani | ādarśe - darpaṇākhyasvacchakācaviśeṣe, pratibimbaṃ mukhādi yathā suviśadamālokyate, tathaiva, ātmani - susaṃskṛte manasi, paramātmatattvaṃ suviśadam upalabhyate atra loke; yadi tat prayatna āsthīyate upāsanārūpaḥ | lokāntare tu na tathā ityāha- yathā svapne tathā pitṛloke svapne - svapnadaśāyāṃ, yat vastu pratīyate, tacca na suviśadam, svapnapratīteḥ jāgratpratītivat saṃśayādinivartakatvābhāvāt | ataḥ svāpnapratyayo na sphuṭāvabhāsaḥ yathā; tathaiva pitṛloke jāyamānaparamātmapratyayo'pi na sphuṭāvabhāsaḥ | tatra cetasaḥ karmaphalabhogāsaktatvāt | yato hi sa bhogabhūmilokaḥ | evaṃ gandharvalokespi na sphuṭam avalokayituṃ śakyate paramātmatattvamityāha - yathā'psu iti | apsu - jaleṣu svaccheṣvapi, yathā paridadṛśa iva - paridṛṣṭamiva bhavati, vastu tadantargataṃ vastuto sthale iva spaṣṭaṃ paridṛṣṭaṃ bhavati; tathā gandharvaloke jñāyamānamapi paramātmatattvam, na spaṣṭaṃ dṛṣṭaṃ bhavati | tatrāpi cetaso bhogassaktatvāt ato gandharvalokespi iha loke iva sphuṭāvabhāsaḥ aśakya eva paramātmanaḥ | brahmaloke kīdṛśaṃ paramātmadarśanaṃ bhavati ityāha - chāyātapayoriva brahmaloke - hiraṇyagarbhaloke, paramātmatattvaṃ taditaratatvāt vivicya chāyātayoriva parasparam atyantabhinnaṃ paramātmatattvaṃ svetaratatvāditi jñānaṃ suspaṣṭaṃ bhavati, yadyapi; tathāpi sa loko na sulabhaḥ sarveṣām | yena tatraiva gatvā jñānāya yatno niyamyeta, ata ihaiva loke śarīrapātāt prāg yatitavyaṃ mumukṣubhiḥ iti upadiṣṭam |

6.1.4-2.p11

su. - sa ca ayaṃ sarvasya hṛdi sannihitaḥ, sarvāntarātmā sosyam unmīlya yogakalayā hṛdayakośam ātmanyevātmānamavalokayatām ādarśa iva ātmano mukham avabhāseta viśadataram anyatra tatsākṣātkāre yatamānānām atathābhūtānāṃ tu na tathā ityāśayena āha - yathā ss darśe mukhādi

6.1.5

sphuṭamavabhāsate, tathā ss tmani - sva tanau svātmeva, paramātmāspi sphuṭamavabhāsate, yogonmīlitahṛdayakośānām iti yāvat | yathā svapna iti | ye ca pratiniyatadeśaviśeṣamenaṃ matvā, kevalam, pitṛloke vā gandharvaloke vā hiraṇyagarbhaloke vā anyatra vā yatra kvāpi sākṣātkartuṃ yatante, teṣāṃ tu svapna iva, antarjala iva, alpāloka iva ca na sphuṭāvabhāsaḥ tatra tatra ityarthaḥ |
yadvā - nanu bhavādṛśānāṃ devānāmuktaṃ paramātmatattvaṃ sugamaṃ nāma;mādṛśānāṃ tu mānuṣāṇāṃ kathaṃ tadavagama ityatrāsha - yathā iti | ātmani - manasi | pitṛloke vā gandharvaloke vā, kiṃ bahunā hiraṇyagarbhaloke vā syājjanma, kiṃ tāvatā, yāvadrajodhūsaraṃ manaḥ tāvat tatra tatra teṣāṃ teṣām uktam ātmasvarūpam saṃskṛte manasi naiva prakāśate | mano hi ādarśavat rajasāssvṛtaṃ na prakāśayitum arhati, taccet sūsaṃskṛtam, nirmale tasmin ādarśe iva nirmale mukhādi, sphuṭamavabhāsate tattattvam | tanna kaścit viśeṣaḥ mānuṣebhyo devānām, tadyatna ādhīyatāṃ manaḥ saṃskaraṇaḥ iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.5.p1

ṣaṣṭho mantraḥ

6.1.5.p2

(ātmānātmavivekajñānavatāṃ sāṃsārika duḥkharahitattvam)

6.1.5.p3

indriyāṇāṃ pṛthagbhāvamudayāstamayau ca yat |

6.1.5.p4

pṛthagutpadyamānānāṃ matvā dhīro na śocati |

6.1.5.p5

pra.dī. - ātmānātmavailakṣaṇya jñānavatāṃ saṃsāraduḥkhaṃ nāsti ityāha indriyāṇām iti | dhīraḥ - dhiyā ramata iti dhīraḥ jñānī, pṛthagutpadyamānānām - pratyekaṃ pratyekaṃ jātānām, indriyāṇām dehendriyādīnām, pṛthagbhāvam - pṛthagvyāpāram, yat 1- yau ityarthaḥ | udayāstamayau ca - utpattilayau ca, etatsarvam eteṣāṃ dharmāḥ iti, matvā - jñātvā, na śocati - saṃsārajanyaduḥkhaṃ nāpnoti ityarthaḥ |

6.1.5.p6

pra. - indriyāṇām 2 iti | pṛthagbhūtānām utpadyamānānām indriyāṇām | indriyāṇām ityetat, dehādīnāmapi upalakṣaṇam | udayāstamayau ca yat | yat ityavyayaṃ yāvityarthe| yau - utpādavināśau yaśca parasparavailakṣaṇyalakṣaṇapṛthagbhāvaśca tān sarvān indriyādigatān mattvā, dhīro na śocati ityarthaḥ | parasparavailakṣaṇyo- tpādavināśāḥ, jñānaikākāre ātmani 1 na santi iti jñātvā na śocati ityarthaḥ |

6.1.5.p7

ā.bhā. - prakṛtiviviktajīvātmajñānānantaraṃ paramātmajñānasya bhāvitvāt jīvātmajñānaṃ dehendriyavilakṣaṇatayā kāryam, tathā karaṇe eva paramātmajñānadvārā śokanivṛttisambhavaḥ ityabhiprāyeṇāha - indriyāṇām iti | śarīrāderapi upalakṣaṇam | prāyaśo loke dahendriyāṇyeva ātmatayā pratipādyamānā bhavanti, ahaṃsthūlaḥ, ahaṃkṛśaḥ, ahaṃkāṇaḥ, ahaṃ badhiraḥ ityādi anubhavāt, parantu ayamanubhavaḥ kāryakāraṇarūpa- dehendriyasaṅghāte ātmatvabhrāntyaiva bhavati | ata indriyāṇāṃ cakṣurādīnāṃ bāhyānām antarāṇāṃ ca mana ādīnāṃ pṛthagbhāvaḥ | jīvātmāpekṣayā svabhāvavilakṣaṇatā vibhinnatā ityetat | taṃ dehendriyavailakṣaṇyarūpaṃ pṛthakbhāvam, pṛthak - svasvakāraṇāt, utpadyamānānām matvā - ātmā bhinnaḥ, bhinnāni dehendriyāṇi iti vijñāya, dhīraḥ - buddhimān, na śocati - na saṃsāraduḥkham anubhavati | yat iti yau ityarthakam | tathā yat udayāstamayau - utpādavināśau, tau ca jāgrat svāpādidaśāsu indriyavyāpārāṇāmeva bhavatosta indriyagatāveva na ātmagatau, ityevam matvā, dhīro na śocati ityanvayaḥ | dehendriyagatamātmavailakṣaṇyam ātmagataṃ dehendriyavailakṣaṇyaṃ jñātvā, utpādavināśitvam indriyāṇāmeva dehasahitānām na ātmana ityevaṃ

6.1.5.p8

prakṛtaviviktātmajñānī, śokabhāk na bhavati iti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.5.p9

su. - dehātmabhramavatāṃ na antarātmavijñānaṃ sidhyet, ataḥ prakṛtiviviktaḥ prathamamavagantavya ityāśayenāsha - indriyāṇām iti | idam upalakṣakaṃ dehasya | yadyapi ayamandhaḥ, ayamanandhaḥ, ayaṃ badhiraḥ, ayamabadhiraḥ iti pratīyate nāma pṛthagbhāvaḥ; tathāpi na ayam ātmasvarūpe jñānaikaghane, kintu indriyeṣveva | yataḥ tānyeva bhinnabhinnasvabhāvāni bhavanti;rūpavyañjakāni kānicideva śabdavyañjakāni kānicideva iti | teṣāṃ teṣāṃ tattacchakti pratirodhāpratirodhābhyāṃ tathā tathā vyavahāraḥ | tasmāt uktaṃ pṛthagbhāvam uktarītyā, pṛthagutpadyamānānām - pṛthaksvabhāvatayā utpadyamānānām indriyāṇām eveti matvā na śocati - na tasya sāṃsāri- kaśokāvakāśa iti yāvat | indriyāṇāṃ yāvudayāstamayau tau ca matvā na śocati |

6.1.5.p10

ayaṃ bhāvaḥ - yadyapi ayaṃ śete, ayaṃ jāgarti iti bhavati pratyayaḥ | vastutastu nāyam ātmasvarūpaṃ sākṣādavalambaṃte, yataḥ ayamātmā nityoditajñānaprabhaḥ, tasmāt indriyāṇām udayāstamayavibhāgato bhavati tathā pratyayaḥ, indriyāṇāmudayo - vyāpṛtiḥ, astamayaḥ tadabhāvaḥ, tattāveva jāgradādidaśopādhitayā matvā saṃsāraśokaṃ na prāpnoti iti | evaṃ devo manuṣyaḥ paśuḥpakṣī ityādi vibhāgam, jāto mṛtaḥ ityādivibhāgaṃ ca, śarīra eva na ātmani iti matvā na śocati iti bodhyam | evaṃ prakṛtiviviktam ātmasvarūpaṃ jānataḥ, kramāt paramātma vijñānasyāpi sambhavāt bhavati

6.1.6

saṃsṛtinissaraṇa- miti bhāvaḥ ||

6.1.6.p1

saptama - aṣṭamamantrau

6.1.6.p2

(paramātmajñānavihīnasya mokṣāsambhavaḥ)

6.1.6.p3

indriyebhyaḥ paraṃ mano manasassattvamuttamam |

6.1.6.p4

sattvādadhi mahānātmā mahato s vyaktamuttamam |

6.1.6.p5

avyaktāttu paraḥ puruṣo vyāpako s liṅga eva ca |

6.1.6.p6

yad (yaṃ?) jñātvā mucyate janturamṛtattvaṃ ca gacchati ||

6.1.6.p7

pra.dī. - dehātmavivekajñāne satyapi paramātmajñānaṃ vinā mokṣo nāstītyāha - indriyebhyaḥ ityādi mantradvayena indriyebhya iti | indriyebhyaḥ - daśendriyebhyaḥ, manaḥ param - utkṛṣṭam, manasaḥ sattvam - buddhiḥ, uttamam - utkṛṣṭam, sattvāt - buddheḥ , mahānātmā - mahadguṇayuktaḥ jīvaḥ, adhi - adhika ityarthaḥ | mahataḥ - jīvāt, avyaktam - śarīram, uttamam - utkṛṣṭaṃ bhavati | śarīraṃ vinā jīvātmanaḥ sarvakāryā pravṛtteḥ | avyaktāttu - atra tu śabdaḥ samuccayārthakaḥ | śarīrātmabhyām, vyāpakaḥ - sarvavyāpakaḥ, aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ1 puruṣaḥ eva paramātmā paraḥ iti | utkṛṣṭa iti | yajjantuḥ - yo jantuḥ, jñātvā - vijñāya, vimucyate - saṃsārabandhānmukto bhavati | saḥ, amṛtattvaṃ ca - mokṣaṃ ca, gacchati - prāpnoti | pra. - dehaviviktapratyagātmayāthātmyajñāne s pi bhagavaccharamaṇāgatireva upāyaḥ iti pūrvoktaṃ śaraṇavaraṇameva pratipādayati - indriyebhyaḥ1 ityādinā mantradvayena | paraṃ.... indriyebhyaḥ ityetat arthānāmapi upalakṣaṇam | indriyebhyaḥ parāhyarthā arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ (ka.u.3-10)

6.1.6.p8

ityanena aikārthyāt| sattva śabdo buddhiparaḥ; manasastu parā buddhiḥ (ka.u.3-10) iti pūrvokteḥ | aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ | paratvaṃ ca vaśīkāryatāyāṃ vivakṣitam | parasya ca vaśīkaraṇaṃ śaraṇāgatireva | śiṣṭaṃ spaṣṭam ||

6.1.6.p9

ā.bhā. - etadapi prakṛtiviviktātmajñānam indriyārthādipuruṣaparyantavaśīkāre satyeva bhavati;na anyathā | ataḥ pūrvoktaṃ vaśīkaraṇaṃ punaḥ paṭhati smṛtyartham - indriyebhyaḥ cakṣurādibhyaḥ, paraṃ manaḥ - vaśīkāryatāyām | tacca manaḥ arthebhyospi param ityupalakṣaṇato jñeyam; indriyebhyaḥ parā hyarthāḥ arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ (ka.u.3-10) iti pūrvamuktatvāt| manasaḥ sattvam - adhyavasāyātmakabuddhisvarūpam uttamam - pradhānam, vaśīkāryatāyām, manasastu parā buddhiḥ (ka u.3-10) ityukteḥ | sattvāt - adhyavasāyarūpādapi adhikaṃ pradhānam ityetat | mahānātmā - jīvātmā ityarthaḥ | mahato jīvātmanopekṣayā, avyaktam sūkṣmapariṇāmabhūtaṃ śarīram uttamam vaśīkaraṇe ||

6.1.6.p10

avyaktāttu - śarīrāttu, puruṣaḥ - paramātmā, paraḥ - śreṣṭho vaśīkṛtau | puruṣameva viśinaṣṭi | vyāpakaḥ - sakalacidacidantarbahisthitaḥ | aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ, śabdaikagamya aupaniṣadaḥ2 puruṣaḥ ityarthaḥ | yam - paramapuruṣaṃ

6.1.6.p11

sarvavyāpakam, jñātvā - upāsanadvārā sākṣātkṛtya, jantuḥ - jīvaḥ, mucyate - sarvabandhanavinirmukto bhavati | amṛtattvam - svasvarūpāvirbhāvaṃ mokṣam ityetat | gacchati - prāpnoti ||

6.1.6.p12

su. - devo s ham manuṣyo s ham ityādi anādivāsanādūṣitacetasāṃ sapadi viviktātmadarśanaṃ dūrlabham | vaśīkṛtendriyāṇāmeva tu tatsambhavaḥ | indriyāṇāṃ vaśīkaraṇamapi manasi avaśīkṛte na ekāntataḥ sambhavati; manaso vaśīkaraṇamapi na adhyavasāyavaśīkaraṇādṛte | tadevaṃ vaśīkāryatve pradhānaṃ kim? iti paryālocanāyām, sarvataḥ paraḥ puruṣottama eva | sa cet prapadanena1 vaśīkṛtaḥ, sarvaṃ sukhena vaśīkṛtaṃ syāt | uktaṃ ca bhagavatā - māmeva ye prapadyante māyāmetāṃ taranti te (bha.gī.7-14) iti | tat paramapuruṣaṃ vaśīkāryaṃ jñātvā mucyata iti imamarthaṃ prāguktaṃ,samaye smārayati - indriyebhyaḥ iti | param - vaśīkāryatve śreṣṭham ityarthaḥ | mana iti | indriyebhyosrthānām, tato manasaḥ paratvaṃ kramābdodhyam | indriyebhyaḥ parā hyarthā arthebhyaśca paraṃ manaḥ (ka.u. 3-10) iti hi prāk śrūyate |

6.1.6.p13

avyaktam vyākhyātam | aliṅgaḥ - liṅgāgamyaḥ, śabdaikasamadhigamya iti yāvat | yaṃ jñātvā mucyate - saṃsārāt amṛtattvaṃ ca gacchati - niravadhikānandasvarūpatāṃ ca prāpnoti ||

6.1.6.p14

navamo mantraḥ

6.1.6.p15

(bhaktyaikalabhyaḥ paramātmā)

6.1.6.p16

na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati rūpamasya na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam |

6.1.6.p17

hṛdā manīṣā manasā s bhikḷpto ya enam (etat) viduramṛtāste bhavanti pra.dī. - samāhita cittaḥ bhaktayā paramātmānaṃ paśyati ityāha na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati iti | asya - bhagavataḥ, rūpam - satyajñānānandādi divyātmasvarūpam, yadvā - ādityavarṇaṃ tamasaḥ parastāt (bha.gī.8-9, śve.u.3-8) iti divyamaṅgalavigrahaṃ1 vā, sandṛśe - sva prayatnena samyak darśana viṣaye, na tiṣṭhati - na sthito bhavati | enam - paramātmānam, kaścana - kospi, brahmāspi, cakṣuṣā - prākṛta cakṣuṣā, na paśyati - kintu bhagavaddatta divyacakṣuṣā paśyati iti yāvat | hṛdā - bhaktyā, manīṣā manasā - manīṣādhṛtiḥ,2 dhairyayuktamanasā ca, kḷptaḥ grāhya ityarthaḥ | ye etat - paramātmatattvam, viduḥ - jānanti, te amṛtāḥ bhavanti - muktāḥ bhavanti iti yāvat |

6.1.6.p18

pra. - na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati iti | asya rūpam - svarūpaṃ vigraho vā, vyāpakatvādeva sandarśanaviṣaye abhimukhatayā na tiṣṭhati ityarthaḥ | athavā dṛśyaṃnīlarūpādikaṃ nāsti ityarthaḥ | ata eva na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam iti | spaṣṭosrthaḥ | hṛdā manīṣā ityādi | ayamaṃśaḥ, sarvatr prasiddhayadhikaraṇe1 vyāsāryaiḥ hadāṃ iti bhaktirucyate manīṣā iti dhṛtiḥ | na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati rūpamasya na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam (ma.bhā.12 21.64) iti pūrvārdhamekarūpaṃ paṭhivā, bhaktyā ca dhṛtyā ca samāhitātmā3 jñānasvarūpaṃ paripaśyatīha (ma.bhā.12-21-6) iti mahābhārate uktam2 abhikḷptaḥ - grāhyaḥ iti vivṛtaḥ | dhṛtyā samāhitātmā, bhaktyā puruṣottamaṃ paśyati, sākṣātkaroti prāpnoti ityarthaḥ; bhaktyā tvananyayā śakyaḥ (bha.gī.11.54) ityanenaikārthyāt iti vedārthasaṅagrahe pratipāditam; ya enaṃ viduḥ iti | spaṣṭosrthaḥ |

6.1.6.p19

ā.bhā. - samprati paramapuruṣajñānāya sādhanamupadiśati - na sandṛśe iti | asya - paramātmanaḥ, rūpam - vyāpakībhūtam antaryāmisvarūpam

6.1.6.p20

aprākṛta vigraho vā, sandṛśe - dṛṣṭipathe, na tiṣṭhati - darśanagocaro na bhavati ityarthaḥ | tato hetoḥ, na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam | cakṣuṣaḥ prākṛtattvena, kaścidapi devo manuṣyo vā īdṛśena paramātmānaṃ draṣṭuṃ na arhati;tasya antaryāmisvarūpasya vyāpakatvāt vigrahasya ca aprākṛtatvāt | prākṛtam indriyam aprākṛtagrahaṇāssamarthaṃ bhavati iti bhāvaḥ| tadā asya darśanasādhanaṃ kimiti śaṅkāyāmāha - hṛdā iti | atra hṛtpadam, hṛdayasthāyā buddheḥ lakṣakam | tathā ca hṛdā - hṛdayasthayā buddhyā bhaktirūpāpannayā | hṛdā ityasya viśeṣaṇamāha - manīṣā mana īṣṭa iti manīṭ | tayāsaṅkalpavikalpātmakasya manaso niyamanakartā ityarthaḥ | manasā - svaniyantrakabhaktirūpāpannabuddhikṛtasaṃskāreṇa cetasā, abhikḷptaḥ - grāhyaḥ sākṣātkāryaḥ paramapuruṣo bhavati ityarthaḥ | manasā tu viśuddhena (vyāsasmṛti) manasaivedamāptavyam (ka.u.4-11) ityādi śrutīnām ihaiva svārasyāt | ye etat - aparaṃ brahma, viduḥ - īdṛśena manasā jānīyuḥ, te - upāsakā amṛtā bhavanti ||

6.1.6.p21

su. - yaṃ jñātvā mucyate, tasya vijñāne sādhanaṃ prastauti - na sandṛśa iti | asya paramapuruṣasya rūpaṃ yadaprākṛtaṃ tat na sandṛśe tiṣṭhati, prākṛtadṛṣṭipathe na tiṣṭhati | ata eva enaṃ na kaścit cakṣuṣā paśyati - manuṣyajātīyo devajātīyo vā cakṣuṣā ātmīyena draṣṭuṃ na śaknoti ityetat | yadvā - nāsya rūpaṃ tiṣṭhati - nīlapītādi loke dṛśyamānaṃ nāstyasyetyetat | yadrūpaṃ sandṛśe - darśanaviṣayatve prayojakaṃ syāt | pare tu - na asya svarūpaṃ paricchinnavastvantaravat darśanaviṣaye pathi puratastiṣṭhati;

6.1.6.p22

yato vyāpakosyam | cakṣuṣastu paricchinnagrahaṇa eva pāṭavam | ataḥ na cakṣuṣā paśyati kaścanainam iti vyācakṣate | tarhi kenāyaṃ grāhyaḥ ityatrāha - hṛdā iti | rūpyarūpivibhāgamanapekṣyānapekṣya ca sannihitaviprakṛṣṭādivibhāgam, sarvam arthajātaṃ harati | ādatta iti hṛdi tyucyate cetaḥ, tenāyaṃ grāhyaḥ | cakṣurādīnāṃ rūpādiniyatārthagrāhitayā etadgrahaṇāsāmarthyespi cākṣuṣespi arthe cetasaḥ sāmarthyāt tenāsya grahaṇaṃ bhavet iti yāvat | yadyapi cetaḥ sāmānyataḥ sarveṣāṃ sādhāraṇam, na tāvatāssya grahaṇaṃ sidhyati | tat saṃskṛtameva tat tathā iti jñāpayannāha - manīṣā iti | tṛtīyāyā lopaḥ chāndasaḥ| ātmānātmavivecanakṣamā tu buddhiḥ iha manīṣā ityucyate | īdṛśabuddhiviśeṣasaṃskṛtena cetasāsyaṃ grāhya ityuktam bhavati | yadyapi bahavo manīṣiṇaḥ śāstrata ātmānātmatattvaṃ vivicya jānanti nāma, na tāvatā teṣām asya sākṣātkāro bhavati; tathāpi mananamahimnā bhavet eva asya sākṣātkāraḥ iti jñāpayannāha - manasā iti | mananasādhanaṃ manaḥ ucyate | mananam - vivicya adhigatasya muhuḥ anucintanam dhyānayogena cetasā ityuktaṃ bhavati | abhikḷptaḥ - abhigṛhītaḥ sākṣātkṛtaḥ, sākṣātkārayogyaḥ iti yāvat | ya etadviduḥ - īdṛśaṃ paraṃbrahma, ye viduḥ te amṛtāḥ - muktā bhavanti | pare tu -

Linked texts (1)

Kaṭhopaniṣad — Sanskrit

Kaṭha Upaniṣad 6.1

Contents

Linked texts (1)