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Commentary on the Nyāyasūtra 14: dvitīyāhnikam

Nyāyabhāṣya (complete text) 14

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Sanskrit

Contents

dvitīyāhnikam

14.1

|| śrīmate nigamāntamahādeśikāya namaḥ ||

14.2.1

nyā. pa. pra. 9 || dvitīyamāhnikam || tadihānyathākhyātipakṣe viparyayasya saṃśayasya ca vyavacchedārtham "yathāvasthitavyavahārānuguṇaṃ jñānam" iti pramāṇalakṣaṇe yathāvasthitādiviśeṣaṇam| akhyātipakṣe'pi tatsāmagryanupraviṣṭaṃ jñānaṃ tacachabdena vyapadiśyate| tacca tatrāpramāṇamiti lokasiddhatvādvyavacchedyameva| tatrāpi pratyekāṃśe yāthārthyaṃ na vihanyate || nyā. pa. pra. 10 || viparyayanirūpaṇam| || tatrādye pakṣe anyasya anyathādhyavasāyo viparyayaḥ| dvitīye tu pakṣe sāmānyato dharmisphuraṇe sati apratipannatadvirodhaviruddhaviśeṣādhyavasāya iti || sa cāyamanekavidhaḥ---ekānekaviruddhaviśeṣasphuraṇāt| tatra ekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ yathā--- pītaḥ śaṅkha ityādi| anekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ yathā---ekameva bhinnamabhinnaṃ cetyādyanekāntavādinām, prapañcaḥ sadvilakṣaṇo'sadvilakṣaṇaścetyādyadvaitavādinām| parasparaviruddhānekaviśeṣavata īdṛśasya vapiryayasya saṃśayādbhedo mithovirodhābhimānaviraheṇa samuccitādhyavasāyaḥ| dharmavirodhe parasparāviruddhānekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ yathā--- vipulatvaikatvaviśiṣṭe candre alpatvadvitvādigrahaḥ| viparyayameva dharmāntaradharmyantarabhedādanyathākhyātiviparītakhyātibhedena kvacidvyavaharanti| yathā pītaśaṅkharajjusarpabhramau| tayośca rajastamasī mūlamiti gīyate --- "yayā dharmamadharmaṃ ca kāryaṃ cākāryameva ca| ayathāvatprajānāti buddhiḥ sā pārtha rājasī || adharmaṃ dharmamiti yā manyate tamasā vṛtā| sarvārthānviparītāṃśca buddhiḥ sā pārtha tāmasī ||" iti||

14.2.2

yadyapi rajjusarpādibhrame rajjutvādidharmaviparītasarpatvādidharmādhyāsa eva, tathāpi svarūpanirūpakadharmatvenāntaraṅgatayā dharmivaiparītyavyapadeśaḥ| śvaityādestu nirūpitasvarūpaviśeṣakatvameva| vivaraṇe tvevamuktam--- "trividhamajñānam---svarūpājñānam, anyathājñānam,viparītajñānamiti| svarūpājñānaṃ nāma vastuno'pratipattiḥ| anyathājñānaṃ vastuno vastvantaratayā bhānam; yathā---śukteḥ rūpyatayā| viparītajñānaṃ tu yathāvat vastuni bhāsamāne yuktibhistasyānyathopapādanam; yathā---jñātṛtayā ahaṃtvena ātmani bhāsamāne'pi kuyuktibhirasyabhrāntitopapādanaṃ kudṛśām" iti| adharmendriyadoṣadustarkābhyāsadurvyāptyanusaṃdhānavipralambhakavākyaśravaṇādibhistattvāgrahasahakṛtairviparyayasya yathāsaṃbhavamudbhavaḥ || nyā. pa. pra. 11 || saṃśayanirūpaṇam || sāmānyadharmisphuraṇe sati apratipannatadvirodhapratipannamithovirodhānekaviśeṣasphuraṇaṃ saṃśayaḥ| yathā---ūrdhvavastumātragrahaṇe sati tadvirodhitayā'nanusaṃdhīyamānayormithaḥsphuṭavirodhayoḥ sthāṇutvapuruṣatvayoḥ sphuraṇam---ayaṃ sthāṇurvā puruṣo veti| mitho virodhāgrahaṇe tayorvikalpo na syāt| tata eva "ḍolāvegavadatra sphuraṇakramaḥ" ityeke, ekasmin yugapadanyonyapratikṣepasya dhīviruddhatvāt| atra "caitanyasya viṣayeṇa dṛḍhasaṃyogo hi niścayaḥ| tasyaiva bahubhiryugapadadṛḍhasaṃyogaḥ saṃśayaḥ" ityātmasiddhigrantho'pi na viruddhaḥ; itarathā jñānārthayordṛḍhādṛḍhasaṃśleṣanirūpaṇānupapatteḥ| yugapaditi tu śaighryamātraparam| yaugapadyābhyupagame'pi adṛḍhatvaṃ parasparapratikṣepaprakāraviśeṣa eva;

14.2.3

anyathā ayamūrdhvo vā sthāṇurvetyādisaṃśayaprasaṅgaḥ| yadyapyaviruddheṣvapi keṣucidadharmādimūlakavirodhagrahaṇāt keṣāṃcidīdṛśo'pi saṃśayaḥ saṃbhavati; yathā--- ātmā jñānaṃ vā jñātā veti, jñānaṃ dharmo dharmi vetyādi; tathāpyābhimānikaṃ parasparapratikṣepitvaṃ tatrāpyastyeva| asya ca samānadharmavipratipattibhyāmevāsādhāraṇakāraṇābhyāmadharmādisahitābhyāṃ yathāsaṃbhavamudbhavaḥ| taduktaṃ tattvaratnākare--- "kaścaiṣa saṃśayaḥ katividhaśca? ekasmin dharmiṇi viruddhānekaviśeṣāvabhāsaḥ saṃśayaḥ| sa ca dvividhaḥ---" ityādinā| tatra samānadharmaḥ sādhāraṇo dharmaḥ| tajjanito yathā---ūrdhvatvāviśeṣāt sthāṇurvā puruṣo veti| agṛhyamāṇabalatāratamyaviruddhānekajñāpakopasthāpanamiha vipratipattiḥ| sā ca sajātīyavijātīyābhāsarūpadvitricaturādijñāpakabhedādbahuprakārā| pratyakṣatadābhāsavipratipatteḥ saṃśayo yathā--- cakṣuṣā samukhaṃ pratibhāti darpaṇatalam, sparśanena tvanyathā; kimidaṃ samukhaṃ nirmukhaṃ veti| anumānatadābhāsavipratipatteryathā--- dhūmavattvāt parvato'gnimān, nirālokatvādanagnirityatra sāgniranagnirveti| śrutivipratipatteryathā---bhedābhedavyapadeśābhyāṃ jīvo brahmaṇo bhinno'bhinno vetyādi| vādivipratipatteryathā---vaiśeṣikaupaniṣadavākyadvayaśrāviṇo madhyasthabuddheḥ kimindriyāṇi bhautikāni, āhaṃkārikāṇi veti| evaṃ pāmarādivākyavipratipatterapi ---nadyāstīre phalāni santi, na santi vetyādi| pratyakṣānumānavipratipatteryathā---cakṣuṣā pītaśaṅkhabhrame śaṅkhatvācca sitatvānumāne, kimayaṃ śaṅkhaḥ pītaḥ sito veti|

14.2.4

pratyakṣāgamavipratipatteryathā---kimahamarthaḥ sthūlo'ṇurve'ti| anumānāgamavipratipatteryathā --- kiṃ paramāṇūpādānaṃ jagat, uta brahmopādānamiti eṣā dik || kecittu vipratipattiśabdamātre muhyanto vādivipratipattimeva vipratipattiṃ manyante, tadayuktam, viśeṣābhāvāt || yaduktaṃ prajñāparitrāṇe --- "sādhāraṇākṛterdṛṣṭyānekākāragrahāttathā| vipaścitāṃ vivādācca tridhā saṃśaya iṣyate ||" iti ; tadapi nūnaṃ parānukāramātram, dvitīyatṛtīyayorakairāśyāt grāhakāvāntarabhedasyātiprasaṅgitvāt aprayojakatvācca| atra cānekākāragraho nānākāragraho vivakṣitaḥ, na tvanekavyāvṛttāsādhāraṇākāragrahaḥ, anantaram "artheṣveṣvaviśeṣeṇa dvyākāragrāhidhīdvayam|" ityādinā tasyaivodāharaṇāt || asādhāraṇadharmādapi kecit saṃśayamāhuḥ; yathā---gandhavattvāt pṛthivī nityā anityā vetyādi| atra gandhavattvasya nityātmādivyāvṛtteḥ kṛtakatvādivadanityatvasmārakatvam, anityābādivyāvṛtterniravayavatvādivannityatvasmārakatvamiti viruddhaviśeṣadvayānvitasamānadharmasyeva tadubhayavyāvṛttāsādhāraṇadharmasyāpi saṃśayahetutvamupapannamiti, tadayuktam; na hi tatra gandhavattvādinā saṃśayotpattiḥ, api tu vyatirekanirūpaṇavilambāprāgeva gandhādiviśiṣṭadravyasya nityānityasādhāraṇatayā bhāsamānairdravyatvādibhireva| tatrānyataraśironirṇinīṣayā viśeṣakadharmacintāyāṃ tu gandhavattvamubhayānanvitatvādubhayorapyaniṣkarṣamityetāvadeva cintyate| kevalavyatirekibhaṅge caitadviśadaṃ bhaviṣyati|

14.2.5

gandhavattvāt pṛthivī nityā vā anityā veti tu yadā kaścidvyavaharet, tatrāpi gandhavattvaṃ nityatvānityatvayoranyatarasya prayojakaṃ na vā ityeva saṃdehaḥ| so'pi dharmatvādilakṣaṇasamānadharmādeva| atha nityavyāvṛttadharmavattvādanityatvam anityavyāvṛttadharmavattvācca nityatvaṃ puraskṛtya nityā anityā veti saṃśate; tadāpi hetubhūtadharmadvayanimitto'yaṃ saṃśayaḥ| na hyeka evātra hetuḥ| gandhastu tatra sāmānyarūpastaṭasthaḥ; na tu hetuḥ || vipratipattimapi kecit samānadharma evāntarbhāvayanti| yathā hi ūrdhvatvamubhayasādhāraṇam, tathā vādiparigṛhītatvāderapi sādhāraṇatvāt vimativiṣayasya dharmiṇo vā sāmānyaveṣasya tadubhayasādhāraṇyāditi| tathāpi sādhāraṇadharmasya sahānubhūtasthāṇutvapuruṣatvasmārakatvavat vipratipatterapisamānadharmonnītinirapekṣāyā eva tadupajīvyatayā tatpūrvabhāvinyāḥ sākṣāttadviśeṣasmārakatvasiddherdvaidhamuktamasmābhiḥ || punaścāyaṃ dvitricaturādiśirodhikaraṇabhedādbahuvidhaḥ; yathā--- ayaṃ sthāṇurvā puruṣo veti, ghaṭaḥ satyo'satyo nirvacanīyo'nirvacanīyo vetyādi| tathā imau sthāṇū vā puruṣau vā, ete padārthāḥ satyā asatyā nirvacanīyā anirvacanīyā vetyādi| yastu dvayoranyatarasya coratve siddhe ayaṃ coraḥ ayaṃ vā cora iti saṃdehaḥ, sa tu ayaṃ coro na vā ityevaṃrūpasaṃśayadvayasamāhāraḥ| yadvā yaścoraḥ, saḥ ayam ayaṃ vā ityeka eva| atha vā coratvametanniṣṭham etanniṣṭhaṃ veti| yadyapyubhayavyatiriktapuruṣacoratvābhāvo tayoranyatarasya coratve vā tātparyānnirṇayagarbhatvam, tathāpi ubhayoranyataraviśeṣanirṇayābhāvāt tasminnaṃśe saṃśaya eva|

14.2.6

na caikasyāpi jñānasya saṃśayanirṇayātmatāvirodhaḥ, sarvasminnapi saṃśaye dharmyaśādau nirṇayasya dustyajatvāt || punardvividho'yam--- anyatarakoṭipariśeṣayogyatvatadayogyatvabhedāt| pūrvo yathā--sthāṇvātmake vastuni sthāṇuḥ puruṣo veti| uttarastu palālakūṭe dvirado giriśikharaṃ veti| tatra nirūpakāṇāṃ prāyaśaḥ pūrva eva bhavati| tenaiva ca pravṛttasya pākṣiko'rthalābhaḥ| yadvā nirīhasyaiva kadācit dvitīyena saṃśayena viparyayeṇa ca pravṛttasya daivāt tadātanārthasaṃnipātenābhimatalābha iti || punarapi imau saṃśayaviparyayau sāmānyadharmiṇo viśeṣāṇāṃ cānubhūyamānatvasmaryamāṇatvādibhedāt bahuvidhāvūhanīyāviti || kiṃsajñako'yaṃ vṛkṣa ityevamādirūpo'nadhyavasāyo nāmānyo jñānaviśeṣa iti kecit; tadasāram, tasya saṃjñādiviśeṣasaṃdehasamanantarabhāvitadviśeṣabubhutsātmakatvāt| athavā avacchedakādarśanādanavacchinnakoṭiviśeṣaḥ saṃśaya eva || ūhastu prāyaḥ puruṣeṇānena bhavitavyamityādirūpa ekakoṭisahacaritabhūyodharmadarśanādanutkaṭānyakoṭikaḥ sa eva| prāyaḥ puruṣeṇa bhavitavyamiti puruṣa evetyabhiprāyaścet yathocitaṃ pratyakṣānumānādiṣvanupraveśaḥ| tarkarūpamūhaṃ tu anumāne vakṣyāmaḥ || trividhaṃ pramāṇam---pratyakṣānumānaśabdabhedāt| bhagavatāmanunāpyuktam --- "pratyakṣamanumānaṃ ca śāstraṃ ca vividhāgamam| trayaṃ suviditaṃ kāryaṃ dharmasiddhimabhīpsatā ||" iti || āha ca bhagavān śaunakaḥ--- "dṛṣṭānumānāgamajaṃ dhyānasyālambanaṃ tridhā|" iti|

14.2.7

bhāṣyakāreṇa ca pratyakṣāditrayaṃ svaśabdenopādāya "pramāṇasaṃkhyāvivāde'pi sarvābhyupagatapramāṇānāmayameva viṣaya iti na kenāpi pramāṇena nirviśeṣavastusiddhiḥ" ityanyeṣāmanādaraḥ kṛtaḥ| sarvābhyupagatapramāṇānāmiti ca parābhyupagamamātraṃ dyotayati, tatra prativādinaḥ ṣaṭpramāṇābhyupagamāt| pratyakṣānumānāgamānāmeva ca mitho bhedo vedārthasaṃgrahe viśadamupapāditaḥ || yattu "mattaḥ smṛtijñārnamapohanaṃ ca" ityatra bhāṣyam--- "jñānamindriyaliṅgāgamayogajo vastuniścayaḥ" iti, tatrāpi yogajasya pratyakṣasya prādhānyāt pṛthagvyapadeśaḥ| antarbhāvaṃ ca vakṣyāmaḥ| uktaṃ ca śrīviṣṇucittaiḥ prameyasaṃgrahe--- "pramāṇasaṃkhyāvivāde'pītyatra tripramāṇatvaṃ bhāṣyoktam" iti| bhāṣye ca keṣucit kośeṣu yathārthakhyātisamarthanadaśāyām--- "athavā kimanena bahunopapādanaprakāreṇa| pratyakṣānumānāgamākhyaṃ pramāṇajātamāgamagamyaṃ ca nirastanikhiladoṣagandhamanavadhikātiśayāsaṃkhyeyakalyāṇaguṇagaṇaṃ sarvajñaṃ satyasaṃkalpaṃ paraṃ brahmābhyupagacchatāṃ kiṃ na setsyati kiṃ nopapadyate---" ityādiḥ pāṭho dṛśyate || yadyapi smṛtirapi yathārthā pramāṇamiti vakṣyate, tathāpi pratyakṣādimūlatayā tadaviśeṣāt pṛthaganuktiḥ| uktaṃ ca tattvaratnākare --- "pratyakṣādimūlānāṃ smṛtīnāṃ svasvamūle'ntarbhāvavivakṣayā pramāṇatritvāvirodhaḥ| catuṣṭve ca vaidikānuvādo darśitaḥ" iti| sa cācamanuvādaḥ pūrvopāttaḥ--- "smṛtiḥ pratyakṣamaitihyamanumānaṃ catuṣṭayam" iti pratyakṣādyaviśeṣeṇa vedānuvādācca---iti|

14.2.8

prajñāparitrāṇe tu smṛtiprāmāṇyānabhyupagame'pi jñānasya tāvat karaṇabhedāccāturvidhyamevoktam--- "tatrendriyārthasaṃbandho liṅgaśabdagrahau tathā| saṃskāronmeṣa ityete saṃvidāṃ janmahetavaḥ ||" iti || yattu tatraiva--- "svayaṃsiddhistathā divyaṃ pratyakṣamanumāgamaḥ| pañca santi pramāṇāni jaiminivyāsayorhṛdi ||" ityādinā svayaṃsiddhidivyayoḥ pṛthaṅūnirūpaṇaṃ kṛtam, tat pratyakṣāvāntaravairūpyabodhanābhiprāyam| yathoktaṃ śrīviṣṇucittaiḥ---"bhagavatprasādalabdhayogipratyakṣaṃ divyam" iti || nyā. pa. pra. 12 || pratyakṣalakṣaṇam || tatra sākṣātkāripramā pratyakṣam| sākṣāttvaṃ ca jātirūpa upādhirūpo vā kaścit jñānasvabhāvaviśeṣaḥ svātmasākṣikaḥ || jñātakāraṇajajñānasmṛtitvarahitā matiḥ| aparokṣeti niṣkarṣe nāvyāpyādiprasañjanam || prameyasaṃgrahe tvevamuktam--- "sākṣādanubhavaḥ pratyakṣam| sākṣāttvaṃ jātiḥ---" ityādi| tattvaratnākare'pyevamuktam--- "aparokṣapramādhyakṣamāparokṣyaṃ ca saṃvidaḥ| vyavahāryārthasaṃbandhijñānajatvavivarjanam ||" iti|| pārokṣyaṃ caivamuktam--- "pārokṣyaṃ vyavahāryānantargatavastuvedanāpekṣā| tadanantargataliṅgādyapekṣā pārokṣyamanumādau" iti| varadaviṣṇumiśrairmānayārthātmyanirṇaye tvevamuktam--- "aparokṣapramā pratyakṣam| pramāyā āparokṣyaṃ nāma viśadāvabhāsatvamiti brūmaḥ| kimidaṃ vaiśadyaṃ nāma ? asādhāraṇākāreṇa vastvavabhāsakatvam--" ityādi || sākṣāttvaṃ dvidhā---nityaṃ cānityaṃ ca| īśvaranityajñānādiniṣṭhaṃ nityam| asmadādijñānaniṣṭhaṃ tvanityam| asmadādipratyakṣaṃ dvidhā--- yogipratyakṣamayogipratyakṣaṃ ceti|

14.2.9

tatra yogipratyakṣaṃ prakṛṣṭādṛṣṭaviśeṣajam| tat yuktāvasthāyāṃ manomātrajanyam| viyuktāvasthāyāṃ tu bāhyendriyajanyamapi| tacca bubhutsādipratiniyatamāgamaikasiddhaṃ ca| bhāvanābalajamātraṃ jagatkartari pratyakṣaṃ pratikṣiptaṃ śāstrayonyadhikaraṇe, anyatra bhāṣyakāraireva sākṣādyogipratyakṣasya kaṇṭhokteḥ, tasya saṃbhavato'pyāgamikeśvarajñānamūlasyāgamānuvādatvāpādanāśaktyā tatraudāsīnyāt, dharmādayaḥ kasyacidindriyagrāhyāḥ, prameyatvāt, ghaṭavat, mīmāṃsakānāmapratyakṣatvādvā, asmatsukhādivadityādyanumānānāṃ vipakṣe bādhakavirahādibhirābhāsatvāt, āgamabādhaprasaṅgasyaiva puraskāre tvāgamenaiva caritārthatvāt; anyathā dharmādayaḥ kasyaciccakṣurgrāhyā iti vadato bauddhasya kiṃ prativakṣyasi| yaścānuvyavasāye saviṣayavyavasāyapratyakṣatāmicchati, tasyāsmadādiṣvapi dharmādivyavasāyānuvyavasāye dharmādipratyakṣatvasiddhau kathaṃ tadatiriktayogipratyakṣānumāsiddhiḥ| tadvyavacchedena prayoge|pi saugatoktacākṣuṣatvādisādhanaprasaṅga syāditi| sa cādṛṣṭaviśeṣo yogābhyāsatapaścāryādibhirjāyate| tasmādārṣābhimatamapi prakṛṣṭādṛṣṭajatvāviśeṣāt tatraivāntarbhūtam| yathoktaṃ prajñāparitrāṇe --- "atrendriyānapekṣaṃ yajjñānamarthāvabhāsakam| divyaṃ pramāṇamityetat pramāṇajñāḥ pracakṣate || parameśvaravijñānaṃ muktānāṃ ca dhiyastathā| saṃjayārjunavālmīkiprabhṛtyārṣadhiyo'pi tat ||" iti || indriyānapekṣamiti---adivyenrdiyānapekṣamityarthaḥ| ata eva hi gīyate--- "divyaṃ dadāmi te cakṣuḥ---" ityādi| yadvāparameśvarādivijñānasahapāṭhādibhistathaiva mantavyam|

14.2.10

anantaraṃ caivamuktam---- "svābhāvikasya jñānasya svataḥ sarvāvabhāsinaḥ| avidyāpratibandhasya pratibandho'kṣayogataḥ| avidyāhānito muktapuruṣāṇāṃ hi saṃvidām| svābhāvikasvarūpeṇa nikhilārthāvabhāsitā || pratibandhakabhāvasya pratyuttambhakabhāvinā| pareṇānugṛhītā dhīrṛṣīṇāṃ sarvabhāsikā ||" iti || mānasapratyakṣamapyasmadādīnāṃ nāstyeveti vṛddhasaṃpradāyaḥ, ātmasvarūpasya taddharmabhūtajñānasya ca svayaṃprakāśatvāt, sukhaduḥkhecchādveṣaprayatnānāṃ tattaddhetutayā'bhimatajñānaviśeṣānatirekasya vedārthasaṃgrahe samarthitatvāt, nityatvādiviśiṣṭāsmadādyanubhavasya śāstrādiprasiddhatvāt, pūrvānubhavādijñānasya smṛtirūpatvāt, "ātmasukhādivyatiriktabahirviṣayeṣu tasya bāhyendriyānapekṣapravṛttyanupapatteḥ" iti śāstrayonyadhikaraṇabhāṣyasyānvāroheṇāpyupapatteriti || tataścādivyabāhyendriyaprasūtaṃ jñānamayogipratyakṣam| tat sāmānyādṛṣṭālokaviśeṣādisahakṛtendriyajanyaṃ dṛṣṭasāmagrīviśeṣāt pratiniyatāviṣayam| tat śrotrādīndriyāsādhāraṇakāraṇabhedāt pañcadhā || viṣayendriyasaṃbandhaśca---dravyeṣu saṃyogaḥ, dravyāśriteṣu rūpādiṣu tu saṃyuktāśrayaṇam| yathoktaṃ tattvaratnākare--- "atra vṛddhā vidāmāsuḥ saṃyogaḥ saṃnikarṣaṇam| saṃyuktāśrayaṇaṃ ceti yathāsaṃbhavamūhyatām ||" iti || punaḥ pratyakṣaṃ dvidhā---savikalpakaṃ nirvikalpakaṃ ceti| sapratyavamarśaṃ pratayakṣaṃ savikalpakam| tadrahitaṃ pratyakṣaṃ nirvikalpakam || nyā. pa. pra. 13 || naiyāyikanirvikalpakanirākaraṇam || ubhayavidhamapyetadviśiṣṭaviṣayameva| aviśiṣṭavastugrāhiṇo jñānasyānupalambhāt anupapatteśca|

14.2.11

bālamūkatiryagādivijñānamapi hi saṃjñāvikalparahitamapi viśiṣṭavastuviṣayameva, anyathā teṣāṃ heyopādeyavibhāgapūrvakapravṛttiśeṣānupapatteḥ| vipratipannaṃ viśiṣṭajñānaṃ viśeṣaṇajñānapūrvakam, viśiṣṭajñānatvāt, surabhi candanamityādiviśiṣṭajñānavaditi cenna, ekasāmagrīvedyaviśeṣaṇeṣu tannirapekṣatvāt, svarūpasaṃbandhapakṣe svarūpagraheṇaiva saṃbandhasyāpi grahaṇāt, tāvataiva viśiṣṭagrahaṇasiddheḥ, samavāyavāde'pi tasyaiva gṛhyamāṇasya viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāvarūpatvāt, samavāyaviśiṣṭapratyaye tathaivābhyupagamāt, tadvaiśiṣṭyagrahe ca guṇavaiśiṣṭyagrahasyāvarjanīyatvāt| na ca samavāyasya savikalpakaikaviṣayateti vācyam, nirvikalpake dharmavaddharmivacca tatsaṃbandhasyāpyaindriyikatvāviśeṣeṇa grahaṇasaṃbhavāt, yogyasya saṃnikṛṣṭagṛhyamāṇasaṃbandhinaḥ saṃbandhasyāgrahaṇānupapatteḥ, anyathā nityaṃ tadagrahāpātāt| prathamākṣasaṃnipātajā buddhirviśiṣṭaviṣayā, buddhitvāt, saṃpratipannavat, ityādyapi cintyam || nyā. pa. pra. 14 || savikalpakanirūpaṇam || na ca savikalpakaṃ na pratyakṣamiti vācyam, sākṣātkārābādhādyaviśeṣāt || sahakāriviśeṣeṇa na vaijātyaṃ prasajyate| tajjātīye tu yatkiṃcidvaiṣamyaṃ saṃbhavedapi || yatra dṛśyeta vaijātyaṃ tathā tatrābhyupeyate| tāvatā naiva sarvatra bhavedetasya kalpanam || kevalendriyajaṃ cāpi na kiṃcijjñānamiṣyate| sahakāriviśeṣāṃ hi vibhidyante pratīndriyam || ataḥ saṃskārasaṃbhede'pyaparokṣatvayogataḥ| pratyakṣatvaṃ vikalpasya na kvacidvinivartate || "nirvikalpakamekajātīyeṣu dravyeṣu prathamapiṇḍagrahaṇam" ityādibhāṣyaṃ tu udāharaṇaparaṃ yojyam|

14.2.12

ata eva hi śrīviṣṇucittairuktam--- "saṃskārodbodhasahakṛtendriyajanyaṃ jñānaṃ savikalpakam, ekajātīyeṣu prathamapiṇḍagrahaṇam dvitīyādipiṇḍagrahaṇeṣu prathamākṣasaṃnipātajaṃ ca jñānaṃ nirvikalpakam" iti| anyatra coktam--- "kevalacakṣurādīndriyajanyaṃ nirvikalpakam" ityādi || yattūktaṃ tattvaratnākare --- "viśeṣaṇānāṃ svāyogavyāvṛttiravikalpake| savikalpe'nyayogasya vyāvṛttiḥ saṃjñitā tathā ||" iti, tatrāpi saṃskāranirapekṣatvasāpekṣatvayoḥ pradarśanaparatvaṃ grāhyam| pratyakṣasya caivaṃ vibhāgo'bhihitaḥ--- "dvividhaṃ caitat pratyakṣam--- arvācīnamanarvācīnaṃ ca| yugapadaśeṣaviṣayasākṣātkārakṣamamanarvācīnam| tat yogimukteśvarāṇāṃ prabhāvaviśeṣādhīnamupapādayiṣyate"ityādi || ata eva kudṛṣṭīnāṃ sanmātragrāhi pratyakṣamityavilakṣajalpitaṃ nirastam| kramayaugapadyādidūṣaṇaṃ tu bhrāntivikalpe'pi samānam| bhrāntirūpo'pi hi vikalpaḥ kṣaṇikatvānna viramya vyāpartumalam| na ca pūrvajñānavārtāṃ jānāti| na ca svayaṃ dharmipratiyogigrahaṇābhāve bhedagrahaṇaṃ manyase| tathāpi yadi kalpanā bhedaviśiṣṭaṃ yugapadgṛhṇāti, kā pratyakṣe sarpamṛtiḥ ? ato dharmivadyogyatvājjātyādirūpabhedo'pi yugapadgrāhyeḥ| abheda iva bhedo'pi svarūpataḥ pratītau na pratiyogisākāṅkṣaḥ; bhedavyavahārastvabhedavyavahāravat tatsākāṅkṣa| ataḥ prathamameva bhedadhīryuktā| ata eva dharmadharmiṇordharmipratiyoginoranyeṣāṃ ca pratītāvanyonyāśrayo nirastaḥ| tataśca vyupattestadvyavahāre'pi na tatprasaṅgaḥ| bhedaśabdena vyavahārasya tu pratisaṃbandhinirūpitākāre vyutpannatvāt tadapekṣā|

14.2.13

bhedatvaṃ hi bhedānāṃ pratayioginā nirūpyam na tu jātyādilakṣaṇaṃ svarūpam; yadgraho yatra yadāropavirodhī, sa hi tasya tasmādbhedaḥ; gotvādi ca gṛhyamāṇaṃ svasmin svāśraye cāśvatvādyāropaṃ nirūṇaddhīti svasya svāśrayasya ca svayameva tasmādbhedaḥ || api ca pratiyogisāpekṣatvanirapekṣatvalakṣaṇaviruddhadharmādhyāsena bhedāt svarūpabhedagrahaṇaikyāṃ na saṃbhavatīti vadan bhedaduṣaṇārthameva bhedaṃ sādhayatīti svavacanavirodha iti || nyā. pa. pra. 15 || śābdāparokṣanirāsaḥ || śabdajanyamapi pratyakṣamastīti ta eva varṇayanti; tadapyayuktam, vyāghātāt| na hi parokṣajananasvabhāvatayā siddhā sāmagrī viśeṣābhāve kvacit svabhāvamatipatet| na caikajātīyasāmagrītaḥ prasūtaṃ kāryaṃ vicitraṃ syāt, ekayaivava sāmagryā sarvajātīyotpattiprasaṅgāt ekasya kāryasya viruddhajātiyogaprasaṅgācca| "daśamastvamasi" ityādidṛṣṭānte'pi tvamarthamātraṃ pratyakṣam| ’daśamo'ham’ iti pratyayo hi nendriyasvātantryeṇodeti, kiṃtu puruṣavacanānurodhena| tanmūle'pi cet pratyakṣatā, evam ’dharmavāṃstvamasi’ iti kārtāntikopadeśādau ’tādṛśo'hamasmi’ iti bodhe dharmāderapi pratyakṣatvaprasaṅgaḥ| tataścāpratyakṣamiti jagati kiṃcinna syāt, pratyakṣabhūtaṃ yatkiṃciduddiśya viśeṣaṇatayaiva sarvasya pratyakṣatvopapatteḥ| pūrvāvagatadaśamabhāvaṃ tu puruṣaṃ pratyupadeśe bhāṣarāśipraviṣṭamaṣīnyāyena pūrvāparāparokṣaṇīnairantaryeṇa madhyavartiśabdajanyadhiyo'parokṣatvavyavahāraḥ kasyacit syādvā na vā|

14.2.14

ata eva tattvamasyādiśabdaḥ svaviṣayagocarapratyakṣajñānajanakaḥ, svato'parokṣārthagocaratvāt "daśamastvamasi" "saṃvit svaprakāśā" ityādivākyavat ityādyanumānāni nirastāni, daśamatvasvaprakāśatvādiviśiṣṭākāreṇa dṛṣṭānteṣvaparokṣajñānajananāsiddheḥ| tathā vigītaḥ śabdo na svavācyagocarapratyakṣadhījanakaḥ, śabdatvāt, saṃpratipannavat, ityādyapipratiprayoktavyam| upalambhavirodhaśābdapratyakṣalakṣaṇasaṃkarādiprasaṅgo'tra vipakṣe bādhakaḥ| naivaṃ pūrvasya, śabdajanyapratyakṣamantareṇāpi yogajādṛṣṭajanitasākṣātkārāt praṇidhānaviśeṣaprasāditaparamātmasaṃkalpādvā niḥśreyasasiddheriti || pratyakṣaṃ cidacinmayaṃ jagadidaṃ yasyetyanuśrūyate yaścānanyadhiyāmanantavibhavaḥ pratyakṣatāmaśnute| yaścaiko yugapatsadā svata idaṃ viśvaṃ darīdṛśyate prājñaṃ taṃ pratipannamokṣaṇavidhādakṣaṃ didṛkṣemahi || iti śrīkavitārkikasiṃhasya sarvatantrasvatantrasya śrīmadveṅkaṭanāthasya vedāntācāryasya kṛtiṣu nyāyapariśuddhau pratyakṣādhyāye dvitīyamāhnikam ||

14.3

samāptaśca pratyakṣādhyāyaḥ ||

14.4

|| śrīmate nigamāntamahādeśikāya namaḥ ||

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