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Advaitamoda (Advaitāmoda)

अद्वैतामोद

Language
Sanskrit
Author
Vāsudeva Śāstrī Abhyaṅkara
Extent
385 passages, 26,075 words
Text
partly digitised
Source
archiveorg · Advaitamoda Of Vasudev Shastri By Hari Narayan Apate 1918 Anand Ashram Press; ed. Hari Nārāyaṇa Āpaṭe;… · Scan of a printed edition hosted by the Internet Archive (archive.org); the ancient text is in the public…

Contents

Text

1.2

śrīmacchaṃkarapādābjaṃ bhuktimuktipradāyakam
tatprerito namaskṛtyādvaitāmodaṃ prakāśaye

1.3

paribhāvya bahūngranthānyo'rthaḥ kleśena śakya upalabdhum
tamanāyāsenāsmādgranthādgṛhṇantu sajjanāḥ sudhiyaḥ

1.4

śrutayo nikhilajanānāṃ hitaikabodhanaparā api prakṛte
hitasarvasve brahmādvaite satataṃ prayānti mūkatvam

1.5

tadiha viśiṣṭādvaitādipramukhā vicakṣaṇaṃmanyāḥ
ajñānena haṭhādvā brahmādvaite'pagoraṇaṃ cakruḥ

1.6

teṣāmayaṃ prayatno viphala itīdaṃ pradarśayitukāmaḥ
īśapreritacetā āmodamamuṃ prasāraye jagati

2.1

iha khalu jagati prāṇibhirmukhyatvena puruṣārthaprāptaya eva prayatitavyam | yadyapi
dharmārthakāmamokṣarūpeṇa puruṣārthāścatvārastathā'pi teṣu mokṣa eva paramapuruṣārthaḥ
mokṣasya nityatvam
śrutiśvātyantaṃ duravabodhā yataḥ śrutivākyaṃ saṃkṣiptaṃ saṃgatimadarśakavākyaiḥ prāyo
virahitaṃ ca| bhāṣā cātipurātanī| lokāścottarottaraṃ mandabuddhayaḥ| śrutipradarśite mārge
śraddhālūnāṃ viśvāsena pravṛttāvapyanyeṣāṃ lokānāṃ jñānamārge karmamārge ca pravṛttiḥ
śithilā samajati | amuṣminnavasare nāstikāḥ prādurabhavan | tato vedārthajñānāya
ṛṣayastapastepuḥ| tapaḥprabhāvācca labdhasāmarthyā ṛṣaya aindrādīni vyākaraṇāni
niruktaṃ prātiśākhyāni ca praṇimyuḥ | kiyatā kālena ca tathaiva pāṇininā'ṣṭādhyāyī praṇītā | tayā padārthajñānaṃ samajati | yatastasyāṃ śabdānāṃ prakṛtipratyayavibhāga upadarśitaḥ | jaimininā ca dvādaśādhyāyī praṇītā | tayā
vākyārthajñānaṃ samajati | yatastasyāṃ vākyārthayojanopayogino'neke nyāyāḥ
saṃgṛhītāḥ | padārthavettā vaiyākaraṇaḥ | vākyārthavettā mīmāṃsakaḥ | tato lokānāṃ
vedārthajñāne jāte sati karmasvāddveṇa pravṛttirāsīt
mīmāṃsakamatotpattiḥ uttarottaraṃ ca parāṃ kāṣṭhāṃ gatā | yayā ca “ upaniṣadbhāgo'yaṃ na śrutiśirobhūtaḥ | kiṃtu jīvātmano'vināśitvapratipādanena svargādipāralaukike sukhe viśvāsotpādanadvārā yajñādikarmakāṇḍasyaivopohalakastadaṅgabhūtaḥ” ityevaṃ lokānāṃ matirāsīt | upaniṣatpradarśito mokṣamārgaśca kaṇṭakānuviddha iva lokānāmagamyo'bhūt | nāstikā iva vedāntino'pi mīmāṃsakatīkṣṇakaṭākṣaikalakṣyā abhūvan | taduktammīmāṃsakā hi vākyārthavicāre prastute sati
lokadṛṣṭīḥ pratighnanti vacanavyaktipāṃsubhiḥ || iti
amuṣminnavasara upaniṣadabhivyaktikāla iva punarapi “ yajñādikarma kṛtvā
svargādiphalasaṃpādanameva mukhyaḥ puruṣārthaḥ” ityevaṃ lokānāṃ pratyayo dṛḍhaḥ saṃjajñe
etaṃ lokapratyayaṃ nirākurvanmokṣamārge ca lokānāṃ pravṛttiṃ janayanbhagavānbādarāyaṇo brahmasūtrāṇi praṇināya | jaiminipratipāditāśca vākyārthopayogino
nyāyāḥ sarve bādarāyaṇasya saṃmatā eva | upaniṣadbhāgaḥ karmakāṇḍasyāṅgabhūta ityetāvānaṃśaḥ paraṃ
bādarāyaṇasyāsaṃmataḥ | bādarāyaṇaśca jaiminipratipāditaireva nyāyairupaniṣadarthaṃ pratipādya tasya ca śrutiśirobhāgatvaṃ prasthāpya mokṣadvāramapratibandhaṃ cakāra | upaniṣatpradarśito mokṣamārgaśca niṣkaṇṭakaḥ saṃjajñe
evaṃ kāle bahutithe gate punarapi viṣamakāla upasthitaḥ | aśraddhayā lokānāṃ
manaḥ samākrāntam | jñānamārgiṇaḥ karmamārgiṇaśca nāmaśeṣā abhūvan | pūrvavatpunarnāstikāścārvākapadvācyāḥ prādurbabhūvuḥ | te
hītthamūcuḥ— “ na jīvo nāma dehādanyaḥ kaścidasti | na mokṣaḥ | na paralokaḥ | na śrutiḥ
pramāṇam | neśvaro nāma niyantā kaścit | svabhāvata evedaṃ jagadutpadyate vilīyate ca ” iti
nāstikotpattiḥ
cakragatinyāyena punarapi kālaparivṛttau karmamārgīyaistātkālikarājalabdhasāhāyakaiścārvākamatapracāro'tyantāpakarṣaṃ nītaḥ | maṇḍanamiśraprabhṛtayo mīmāṃsakāgresarāśca rājasaṃsadi labdhotkarṣāḥ paṇḍitaṃmanyāstadānīṃ nāstikāniva jñānamārgīyānapi mūrkhānivākalayāṃcakruḥ | upaniṣadanabhivyaktikāla iva
sūtrapraṇayanātprāktane kāla iva ca sarvatra paristhitirdṛṣṭigocaratāṃ yayau
mīmāṃsakamatapracāraḥ
asminnavasare lokānuddidhīrṣurbhagavān śrīśaṃkaraḥ śaṃkarācāryarūpeṇāvatīrya
brahmasūtravyākhyārūpaṃ śārīrabhāṣyaṃ viracya sūtrakāravatpunarapi mokṣadvāramapratibandhaṃ cakāra | vedāntaśāstrapunarujjīvanāyaivāyaṃ śrīśaṃkarācāryāvatāraḥ
śrīmacchaṃkarācāryāvatāraḥ
śrīśaṃkarajagatpūjyapādā nityaṃ jayanti te
ye prasthānatraye bhāṣyaṃ māyāvādena tenire

2.2

atha sukhabodhāya śāṃkaradarśanaṃ likhyate
nityaṃ sarvaguṇāvadhūnanaparā nairguṇyavādāḥ śrutau
gauṇārthāḥ saguṇoktayaḥ śubhaguṇāropātpare brahmaṇi
advaitaśrutayaḥ sadarthaviṣayā bhedoktiraupādhikī
tatsarvaśrutisaṃgataṃ vijayate śrīśāṃkaraṃ darśanam

2.2-2

pratyakṣādipramāṇeṣu śabda eva tāvadādau brahma bodhayituṃ mukhyataḥ prabhavati
tataḥ paścāttadanusāreṇa pramāṇāntarāṇyapi tadbodhayituṃ pravartante | śabdaśca ‘ sadeva
somyedamagra āsīdekamevādvitīyam ’ ( chā0 6

2.1-2

1 ) ityādiḥ paramātmarūpamekameva tattvamiti spaṣṭamevābhidhatte | saca paramātmā dṛśirūpaḥ | yadyapi draṣṭā dṛśyaṃ
dṛśiśceti padārthatritayamābālavṛddhamasaṃdigdhaṃ sarvairapyanubhūyate tathā'pi dṛśyāśrayībhūto draṣṭā dṛśiviṣayībhūtaṃ dṛśyamiti tayordraṣṭṛdṛśyayordṛśisāpekṣatvena tatsvarūpasya
dṛśinirūpaṇādhīna nirūpaṇatvādṛśireva vastutastattvam | sā ca dṛśirdvidhā nirupādhikā sopādhikā
ca | tatra nirupādhikā dṛśirnirāśrayaṃ nirviṣayaṃ sanmātrarūpaṃ jñānam | sā ca nirupādhikā dṛśiḥ svarūpalābhe na kimapyapekṣate | iyameva brahmaśabdena paramātmaśabdena cābhidhīyate | sāśrayaṃ saviṣayaṃ yallaukikaṃ pramāṇādijanyaṃ jñānaṃ tadrūpā
sopādhikā dṛśiścāśrayaviṣayasāpekṣeti draṣṭṛdṛśyavatkalpitaiva | tathāca kalpitānāmakhilavastūnāmāśnayībhūtaṃ kalpanādhiṣṭhānabhūtamata eva sarvajaganmūlabhūtaṃ brahma | yato
vā imāni bhūtāni jāyante ( tai0 3

2.1-3

1 ) iti śrutau janmādyasya yataḥ
( brahmasū0 1

2.1-4

2 ) iti sūtre ca sarvajaganmūlakāraṇaṃ brahmeti brahmalakṣaṇaṃ
pratipādyate
kāraṇaṃ ca kāryāpekṣayā sūkṣmaṃ vyāpakaṃ ca bhavati | yaduktamupadeśasāhasryāmsūkṣmatāvyāpite jñeye gandhāderuttarottaram
pratyagātmāvasāneṣu pūrvapūrvaprahāṇataḥ || (u0 sā0 9

2.9

) iti
atra gandhaśabdena pṛthivyucyate | guṇānāṃ guṇyapekṣayā pṛthagupalambhābhāvena
guṇaguṇinorabhedasyaiva siddhānte'ṅgīkārāt | pratyagātmāvasāneṣu paramātmaparyanteṣu | prahāṇaṃ kāryākāratyāgaḥ | pṛthivījalateja ādirūpātkāryātpūrvasmātpūrvasmāduttarottaraṃ kāraṇatayā sthiteṣu paramātmaparyanteṣu padārtheṣu yathākramaṃ
kāryākāratyāgena sūkṣmatā vyāpitā ca vijñātavyā | na ca kāryāpekṣayā
sūkṣmaṃ cetkāraṇaṃ tarhi tasya nyūnaparimāṇatvātkathaṃ kāryavyāpakatvamiti vācyam
yataḥ kāryeṣu vidyamānamapi kāraṇasvarūpaṃ kāryākāratirohitatayā na svarūpeṇa
samyagavabhāsata ityevātra sūkṣmamucyate na
nyūnaparimāṇayogāt | tathā sakalavikārānugatasyaivopādānakāraṇatvātkāryāpekṣayādhikadeśavṛttitvena kāraṇasya kāryavyāpakatvam | tasmātpṛthivī svakāryāpekṣayā sūkṣmā vyāpikā ca siddhā | pṛthivyapekṣayā jalaṃ sūkṣmaṃ
vyāpakaṃ ca | śarīre svedasya parvataśilādiṣvantarbhūbhau prasravaṇasya copalambhāt
jalāsādhāraṇaguṇasya rasasya pṛthivyāṃ sarvatropalambhācca | pṛthivyāṃ tatra tatrāpratibandhena jalapraveśānubhavācca | jalāpekṣayāpi tejaḥ sūkṣmaṃ vyāpakaṃ ca | jalamadūrīkṛtyaiva ravikaraṇānāmagniparamāṇūnāṃ cāntaḥ praveśadarśanāt | jalavināśayasyāpyagneravayavānāmuṣṇajale praviṣṭhānāṃ jalenāvināśadarśanācca | tatra hi tepāmavayavānāmavināśe jalāpekṣayā sūkṣmatvaiva hetuḥ | tejopekṣayāpi vāyuḥ sūkṣmo vyāpakaśca
ravikiraṇeṣu yathāvasthiteṣu satsveva vāyusaṃcāradarśanāt | tadapekṣayāpyākāśaṃ
sūkṣmaṃ vyāpakaṃ ca | tathaivopalambhāt | yataḥ pāṣāṇasyāpi bhedo dṛśyate| avakāśaṃ
vinā ca bhedasyāsaṃbhava eva | evaṃ paramātmaparyanteṣu sūkṣmatvaṃ vyāpakatvaṃ ca
bodhyam
vyāpakatvādeva ca kāraṇaṃ kāryāpekṣayā sāmānyabhūtam | kāryagataviśeṣarahitamityarthaḥ | ghaṭaśarāvādikāryagatānāṃ ghaṭatvaśarāvatvādiviśeṣāṇāṃ kāraṇāvasthāyāṃ mṛdyadarśanāt | ata eva sarvakāryāṇāṃ mūlakāraṇaṃ brahma sarvaviśeṣarahitam | yadi tatra ko'pi viśeṣaḥ syāttarhi
tādṛśaviśeṣarahitaṃ brahmaṇo'pi mūlakāraṇamanyatkiṃcitsyāt | tasyāpi saviśeṣatve tādṛśaviśeṣarahitaṃ tanmūlabhūtaṃ punaranyatsyādityanavasthāprasaṅgaḥ | tannirāsāya mūlakāraṇaṃ
sarvaviśeṣarahitamityavaśyaṃ vācyam | tadeva ca no brahma
viśeṣarahitatvādeva ca na tatra yasmātkasmādapi sajātīyādvijātīyātsvagatācca bhedaḥ saṃbhavati | saviśeṣasyaiva bhedādhikaraṇatvāt | tena brahmasajātīyaścetano brahmavijātīyo'cetano brahmagato dharmo vā na kaścidanyo'stīti sarvathā śuddhamadvitīyaṃ bhedatrayaśūnyaṃ nirviśeṣaṃ
brahma sidhyati
tadeva niṣkalaṃ brahma nirvikalpaṃ nirañjanam
nirvikalpamanantaṃ ca hetudṛṣṭāntavarjitam || ( bra0 bi0 8

3.1

)
itiśrutau nirvikalpaśabdena brahmaṇo nirviśeṣatā spaṣṭamevocyate | kiṃca
brahmaṇaḥ saviśeṣatve tadviśeṣapuraskāreṇedṛśaṃ tādṛśamityevaṃ śabdapratipādyatā brahmaṇaḥ
syāt | tathā sati "yato vāco nivartante" (tai0 2|9) iti
śrutiḥ, 'agocaraṃ vacasām' (vi0 pu0 6|7|53) iti smṛtiśca viruddhā
syāt
'nirguṇam' (ātmopa0 1, cū0 7|2) iti ca śrutirbrahmaṇi śubhānheyāṃśca sarvānaiva guṇānsāmānyena niṣedhati | yuktaṃ caitat | brahmaṇaḥ saguṇatve tena
guṇena brahmaṇaḥ saviśeṣatvāvaśyaṃbhāvena tasya pūrvoktayuktyā jaganmūlakāraṇatvaṃ
na syāt | "yaḥ sarvajñaḥ" ( mu0 1

3.7

9 ) "satyakāmaḥ satyasaṃkalpaḥ"
( chā0 8

3.12

1) ityādyāḥ saguṇaśrutayastvāropitaguṇapratipādikāḥ
brahmaṇo nirguṇatvam
brahmaṇi guṇānvastuta eva svīkṛtya heyaguṇarāhityena nirguṇaśrutisamarthane tu bāhyendriyagrāhyarūparasādiguṇarāhityena jīvasyāpi nirguṇapadavācyatā syāt | pṛthivyādibhūtānāmapi sukhaduḥkhādiguṇarāhityena nirguṇapadavācyatā syāt | tathā sati nirguṇam (ā0 1, cū0 7 | 2) iti pūrvoktaśrutyā nirguṇapadena kimapyadhikaṃ noktaṃ bhavet | evaṃ ca parabrahmaṇi kalyāṇakārakā api guṇā vastuto naiva santi | kiṃca paramātmaniṣṭhatvenābhimatāḥ kalyāṇakārakā guṇā jīvānāṃ jīvāvasthāyāmevopayujyante | sā cāvasthā'vidyākalpiteti
tatropayuñjānāḥ paramātmaguṇā api kalpitā eva | svapnasthakalpitagatikriyāyāmupayuñjāno ratho'pi kalpita eva bhavati
jñānamapi parabrahmaṇaḥ svarūpaṃ na tu tasya guṇaḥ | "vijñānaghanaḥ" ( bṛ0 2
4

3.9

) "satyaṃ jñānam" (tai0 2 | 1) "vijñānamānandaṃ brahma" (bṛ0
3

3.4

28) ityādiśrutyanurodhāt | "vijñātāramare" (bṛ0 2

3.13

14)
iti śrutau vijñātṛtvoktistvaupacārikī | advitīye parabrahmaṇi bhedamūlakasya dharmadharmibhāvasyāsaṃbhavena tasya vastuto jñānāśrayatvāsaṃbhavāt
evameva bhedamūlakasya viṣayaviṣayibhāvasyāpi tatrāsaṃbhavena na vastutastasya jñeyatvam
jñānasvarūpa ātmā
saca paramātmā nitya ityatra prāyaḥ sarveṣāmaikamatyameva | cārvākādayo nāstikāḥ
paraṃ paramātmānameva na manyante dūre tasya nityatvamiti tvanyat | śrutyekaśaraṇānāṃ
tu "sa vā eṣa mahānaja ātmā'jaro'maro'mṛto brahma" (vṛ04|4|25)
"nityo nityānām " ( śve0 6

3.17

) ityādibhiḥ śrutibhirnityatvamevābhimatam | anumānamapyatra labdhāvasaram | brahma nityaṃ mūlakāraṇatvāt | yadanityaṃ tanmūlakāraṇaṃ na bhavati yathā ghaṭādi | mūlakāraṇasyānityatva ākasmikakāryotpādaprasaṅgaḥ | sa ca na saṃbhavatītyevamatrānukūlastarkaḥ | sā ca nityatā na suvarṇasyeva pariṇāminityatā | yathā suvarṇaṃ tattadala̍kārarūpeṇa pariṇamamānamapyalaṃkāravanna vinaśyatītyalaṃkārāpekṣayā nityaṃ bhavati
na tathā paramātmā | " niṣkalaṃ niṣkriyam " ( śve0 6 | 19) ityādiātmā nityaḥ
śrutiṣu tasya vikārarāhityābhidhānena pariṇāmāsaṃbhavāt | kiṃ tu brahmaṇaḥ
kūṭasthanityatā | ekenaiva rūpeṇa sadā vidyamānaṃ kūṭasthanityam
tadetadbrahmādvitīyam | brahmaṇā saṃbaddhaṃ tadasaṃbaddhaṃ taccharīrabhūtaṃ tadaṃśabhūtaṃ
taddharmabhūtaṃ vā'nyatkiṃcidapi nāsti | "sarvaṃ khalvidaṃ brahma" ( chā0 3
14|1) "idaṃ sarvaṃ yadayamātmā" (bṛ0
2|4|5) "aitadātmyamidaṃ sarvam" (chā0
6|8|7) ityādiśrutyanurodhāt | brahmādvaitamiti prasiddhirapyetanmate sāmīcīnyena saṃgacchate | brahmaṇi vastutaḥ kenāpi
prakāreṇa dvaitasyābhāvāt | ata evedamadvaitamatamiti gīyate
advaitam
brahma ca sanmātrarūpam | astītyeva kevalaṃ vaktuṃ śakyate na tvīdṛśaṃ tādṛśamiti | īdṛśādiviśeṣaṇopādane tu viśeṣaṇasya
vyāvartakatvaniyamena yasya vyāvṛttistena brahmaṇaḥ
saditīyatvāpattāvadvitīyaśrutivirodhaḥ syāt
sanmātrarūpamato jñānamapi tatsanmātrarūpameva | na tu
sanmātrasya tatra viṣayabhāvaḥ | laukikajñānavatsāśrayatve saviṣayatve vā tasya satsāmānyarūpatvānāpattyā jñānasya brahmasvarūpatvānāpatteḥ | tathā ca
"vijñānaghanaḥ” (bṛ0 2|4|12) ityādipūrvoktaśrutivirodhastadavastha eva syāt
sanmātraṃ brahma
yato jñānasvarūpaṃ brahma
sadanubhūtyoraikyam
nanu brahmādvaite
jīva īśo viśuddhā cittathā jīveśayorbhidā
avidyā taccitoryogaḥ ṣaḍasmākamanādayaḥ
ityabhiyuktoktirvirudhyate | atra (1) jīva (2) īśvaro (3) brahma (4)
jīveśvarayorbhedo' (5) vidyā (6) brahmaṇo'vidyāsaṃbandhaścetyeteṣāṃ ṣaṇṇāmanāditvakathanena dvaitasya spaṣṭameva pratipannatvāditi cet-ucyate | sattā hi trividhā
pāramārthikī vyāvahārika pratibhāsikī ca | tatra pāramārthikī sattā brahmaṇa
eva nānyasya kasyacit | tasya kadāpyabādhyamānatvāt | vyāvahārika sattā
bhūtabhautikasya sarvasya jagataḥ tasya mokṣadaśāyāṃ
bādhe'pi vyavahāradaśāyāmabādhyamānatvāt | prātibhāsikī sattā śuktyādau bhāsamānasya rajatādeḥ | tasya vyavahāradaśāyāmapi bādhāt | pratibhāsakāla eva tasya sattvam
taduktamtrividhaṃ sattvam
kālatraye jñātṛkāle pratītisamaye tathā
bādhābhāvātpadārthānāṃ sattvaṃtraividhyamiṣyate
tāttvikaṃ brahmaṇaḥ sattvaṃ vyomādervyāvahārikam
rūpyāderarthajātasya prātibhāsikamiṣyate
laukikena pramāṇena yadbādhyaṃ laukike'vadhau
tatprātibhāsikaṃ sattvaṃ bādhyaṃ sattveva mātāri
vaidikena pramāṇena yadbādhyaṃ vaidike'vadhau
tadvyāvahārikaṃ sattvaṃ bādhyaṃ mātrā sahaiva tat || iti
brahmādvaitamityuktistu pāramārthikasattābhiprāyeṇa bodhyā | jīva īśa ityuktaśloke viśuddhā cidityanena paraṃ brahmocyate tadatiriktānāṃ jīvādīnāṃ
pañcānāṃ na pāramārthikaṃ sattvaṃ kiṃ tu vyāvahārikam | anāditvasāmyena
tu ṣaṇṇāṃ tatra parigaṇanam | pāramārthikasya brahmaṇo'nāditvamanantatvaṃ ca
kālatrayābādhyatvamiti yāvat | anyeṣāṃ jīvādīnāṃ pañcānāṃ tvanāditve'pi
nānantatvam | teṣāṃ yāvatsaṃsāraṃ sthāyitve'pi mokṣāvasthāyāṃ vināśāt | teṣvapi
jīveśvarabhedo'vidyā brahmaṇo'vidyāsaṃbandhaścetyeṣāṃ trayāṇāṃ svarūpeṇaiva nāśaḥ
jīveśvarayostu na tathā | kiṃ tu jīvatveśvaratvaprāpakopādhereva vināśaḥ | etena
jīvasya vyāvahārikasattve vyavahārātītāyāṃ mokṣāvasthāyāṃ jīvanāśāvaśyaṃbhāvena mokṣaprāptaye na ko'pi prayatetetyapāstam
jīvatveśvaratvaprāpakopādhistu bhāvarūpaṃ triguṇātmakaṃ sadsadbhyāmanirvacanīymanādyajñānam | taccājñānaṃ māyāvidyābhedena
dvividham | śuddhasattvapradhānaṃ māyāpadavācyam
malinasattvapradhānamavidyāpadavācyam | māyopahitaṃ
caitanyamīśvaraḥ | avidyopahitaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ
athavā'jñānaṃ svarūpata ekarūpameva | kiṃtu tasya śaktirdvividhā jñānaśaktiḥ
kriyāśaktiśceti | rajastamobhyāmanabhibhūtaṃ sattvaṃ jñānaśaktiḥ | "sattvātsaṃjāyate
jñānam" (bha0 gī0 14

3.7-2

) iti smṛteḥ | sā ca śabdādiviṣayakajñānahetuḥ | kriyāśaktirdvividhā-āvaraṇaśaktirvikṣepaśaktiśceti | rajaḥsattvābhyāmanabhibhūtaṃ tama āvaraṇaśaktiḥ| sā ca ghaṭo nāsti na prakāśata ityādivyavahārahetuḥ | tamaḥsattvābhyāmanabhibhūtaṃ rajo vikṣepaśaktiḥ | sā cākāśādiprapaśrotpattihetuḥ | vikṣepaśaktimadajñānopahitasvarūpeṇaiveścarasya jagadupādānatvāt
“yathorṇanābhiḥ sṛjate gṛhṇate ca ” ( mu0 1

4.2.1

) ityādiśrutiratra pramāṇam
ūrṇanābhirlūtākīṭaḥ | jñānaśaktimadajñānopahitasvarūpeṇa tvīśvaro jagataḥ kartetyucyate | atra mata āvaraṇaśaktipradhānamajñānamavidyetyucyate | vikṣepaśaktipradhānamajñānaṃ māyetyucyate | jīvatveśvaratvopādhistu pūrvavadeva bodhyaḥ
athavā māyāvidyāśabdau śaktidvayayutājñānasāmānyavācakau paryāyāveva
avidyopahitaṃ bimbacaitanyamīśvaraḥ | avidyāpratibimbitaṃ pratibimbabhūtaṃ caitanyaṃ
jīva ityevaṃ jīveśvarabhedo bodhyaḥ
atredaṃ bodhyam | jīveśvarasvarūpaviṣaye cāvacchedavāda ābhāsavādaḥ pratibimbavādaścetyaneke pakṣāḥ saṃbhavanti | tadyathā—
vācaspateravacchinna ābhāso vārtikasya ca
saṃkṣepaśārīrakakṛtaḥ pratibimbaṃ tatheṣyate || iti
jīvasvarūpam
avacchedo'ntaḥ praveśaḥ | tadyukto'vacchinnaḥ | yathā
jale'ntaḥpraviṣṭamākāśaṃ jalāvacchinnamityucyate
anyasaṃbandhenānyatra bhāsamāno'rtha ābhāsaḥ | yathā japākusumasāṃnidhyātsphaṭike
bhāsamāno raktimā | ayamevopahita ityucyate | pratibimbaṃ prasiddham
avacchedavādināṃ vācaspatimiśrāṇāṃ mate'jñānaviṣayīkṛtaṃ caitanyamīśvaraḥ
ajñānāśrayībhūtaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ | ābhāsavādināṃ vārtikakārāṇāṃ mate'jñānopahitamajñānatādātmyāpannaṃ caitanyamīśvaraḥ | avidyākāryabhūtabuddhyupahitaṃ buddhitādātmyāpannaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ | kecittvābhāsavādameva svīkṛtyājñānasamaṣṭyupahitaṃ caitanyamīśvaraḥ | ajñānavyaṣṭyupahitaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ | ajñānaṃ ca svarūpata eva nānābhūtamityāhuḥ
pratibimbavādināṃ saṃkṣepaśārīrakakārāṇāṃ mate'jñānapratibimbitaṃ caitanyamīśvaraḥ

4.2.2

buddhipratibimbitaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ | vivaraṇakārāstvīśvaraviṣaya ābhāsavādaṃ
jīvaviṣaye ca pratibimbavādaṃ manyānā ajñānopahitaṃ bimbacaitanyamīśvaraḥ
antaḥkaraṇatatsaṃskārāvacchinnājñānapratibimbitaṃ caitanyaṃ jīva ityāhuḥ | etadvivaraṇakāramate dharmiṇaḥ pratibimbasya nādhyāsaḥ | kiṃ tvajñānapratibimbite'nadhyasta eva dharmiṇi jīve brahmabhedarūpasya dharmasyādhyāsaḥ | nanu tarhi prativimbabhūtajīvasvarūpasya dharmiṇo'nadhyastatve tasya satyatvaṃ syāditi cediṣṭāpattiḥ
paraṃtu tatsatyatvaṃ bimbarūpeṇaiva na tu pratibimbarūpeṇa | pratibimbasya bimbavyatiriktena rūpeṇa satyatvādarśanāt| yathā ghaṭasya na ghaṭarūpeṇa satyatvaṃ kiṃtu mṛdrūpeṇaiva
tadvat | bhāratītīrthāstvajñāne dharmiṇaḥ pratibimbasyaivādhyāsaḥ| brahmabhedādikamapi sarvaṃ tatrādhyastameva | evaṃ ca jāṃvasvarūpasya mithyātvamityūcuḥ
atra yeṣāṃ mate'vidyayā saṃyuktaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ sa ca tatrāvacchinna upahitaḥ
prativimvito vā teṣāṃ mate jīvāvasthāyāmapi jīvaikatvam| avidyāyā ekatvāt | ayamekajīvavādaḥ | sukhaduḥkhādivaicitryaṃ copādhibhedāt | yeṣāṃ tu mate vyaṣṭyavidyayā'vidyākāryabhūtabuddhyā vā saṃyuktaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ sa
ca tatrāvacchinna upahitaḥ prativimbito vā teṣāṃ
mate jīvanānātvam | ayaṃ jīvanānātvavādaḥ | atra vācaspatimiśrāṇāṃ mate
jīvaikatvam | vārtikakārāṇāṃ vivaraṇakārāṇāṃ saṃkṣepaśārīrakakārāṇāṃ ca mate
jīvanānātvamiti
jīvaikatvānekatvavicāraḥ

4.2.3

atredaṃ tattvam | ekajīvavāda eva siddhāntisaṃmataḥ | anekajīvavāde kasyāvidyā prapañcarūpeṇa pariṇatā | devadattasya cedyajñadattadṛṣṭyā prapañcābhāvaprasaṅgaḥ | na
cānekatantvārabdhapaṭavadanekā avidyāḥ saṃbhūya prapañcarūpeṇa pariṇatā iti vācyam
keṣucittantuṣu paṭānniṣkṛṣṭeṣu paṭanyūnatāvatkeṣucicchukavāmadevādiṣu mukteṣutattadavidyāyā niṣkarṣātprapañcanyūnatāpatteḥ | kiṃ ca jīvo vibhuḥ| anyathā devadattīyādṛṣṭena deśāntare devadattabhogyavastuna utpattirna syāt | aṇorjīvasya deśāntare
vyāptyabhāvena tadīyādṛṣṭasyāpi tatra kāryotpattideśe kāryotpattikole saṃnidhānābhāvāt | kiṃca kāyavyūhe ekasminkāye'nubhūtasya sukhasya duḥkhasya vā kāyāntare'nusaṃdhānaṃ na syāt | ekenaiva jīvena svattapobalena yogasāmarthyena vā
yugapadeva dhṛtānyanekaśarīrāṇi kāyavyūha ityucyate | sa ca purāṇādau prasiddha eva | kiṃ ca
tasyāṇutve śarīravyāpisukhādyanupalabdhiprasaṅgaḥ
śarīraparimāṇatve ca śarīrasya bālyayauvanādyavasthābhedena pipīlikāmanuṣyahastyādibhedena cāniyataparimāṇatvājjīvasyāpyaniyataparimāṇatvāpattyā vikārādidoṣaprasaṅgenānityatāpattiḥ| ato jīvasya vibhutvaṃ siddham| tathā cānekajīvavāde
vibhūnāṃ jīvānāṃ sarvavyāpināṃ sarveṣāṃ sarvairadṛṣṭaiḥ sarvaiḥ karmabhiḥ sarvaiḥ śarīraiśca
saha saṃbandhasyāvarjanīyatvenāmukamadṛṣṭamamukaṃ karmāmukaṃ śarīramamukasyaiva jīvaekajīvavādaḥ
syeti niyamahetvabhāvena sukhaduḥkhādivaicitryasyānupapattistadavasthaiva | evaṃ ca

4.2.4

lāghavādekajīvavāda evāstheyaḥ | sukhaduḥkhādivaicitryaṃ tu śarīrādyupādhibhedenopapadyate | tathā ca jīvanānātvavādino vārtikakārā vivaraṇakārāḥ saṃkṣepaśārīrakakārāśca pratyuktāḥ
kiṃ ca vārtikakāramatānusāreṇāvidyākāryabhūtabuddhyupahitacaitanyasya jīvatve
tathā saṃkṣepaśārīrakakāramatānusāreṇa buddhipratibimbitacaitanyasya jīvatve "jīva
īśa" ityādyuktā jīvasyānāditvoktirvirudhyate | buddheravidyākāryatvenānāditvābhāvena tadupahitasya tatpratibimbitasya vā'nāditvāsaṃbhavāt | evaṃ vivaraṇakāramatānusāreṇāntaḥkaraṇatatsaṃskārāvacchinnajñānapratibimbitasya caitanyasya jīvatve'pyūhyam | yuktaṃ ca jīvasyānāditvam | suṣuptyavasthāyāṃ jīvasya paramātmasaṃpattāvapi jīvatvaprāpakopādheravināśājjāgratau punaḥ
sa evottiṣṭhatīti ‘sa eva tu' ( bra0 sū0 3

4.22

9) iti sūtra uktam | tadvanmokṣāvasthātaḥ pūrvaṃ
pralaye'pi jīvatvaprāpakopādheravināśa eva vācyaḥ | anyathā yathā pātrasthaṃ jalaṃ
pātrarahitaṃ jalarāśau prakṣiptaṃ satpunastadevoddhārayitumaśakyaṃ tathā punaḥ sṛṣṭau tasyotthānāsambhavena sarvasya muktiḥ sulabhā syāt | jīvatvaprāpakopādheravināśe tu
yathā pihitapātrasthaṃ jalaṃ pātrasahitaṃ jalarāśau prakṣiptamapi punastadevoddhārayituṃ
śakyate tathā tasyaiva jīvasya punaḥ sṛṣṭāvutthānaṃ sulabham | etacca jīvasyānāditva eva saṃgacchate | sāditve tvavidyākāryasya jīvopādhitvena pralaye cāvidyākāryasya vināṃśena jīvopādhisthiterasaṃbhavena tasyaiva punarutthānamiti niyamo na
syāt
vācaspatibhiśraiśca yadyapyekajīvavāda evāśritastathāpi tairavacchedavādaḥ
svīkṛtaḥ | tadapekṣayā ca jīvaviṣaye pratibimbavāda eva jyāyān | yato jīvānāmatyantamajñānapāratantryamupalabhyate | tacca pratibimbavāda eva sādhīcīnyenopapadyate | kiṃ ca yathaikasminpāde śṛṅkhalābandhasattve pādāntare tadabhāve'pi
na manuṣyo mukto bhavati tadvadavacchedavāde yasyā avidyāyā nāśastadavacchinnasya brahmaṇā sahaikye'pi tasyaivāvidyāntarāvācchinnāṃśena baddhatvaṃ tadavasthameva
syāt | pratibimbavāde tu nāyaṃ doṣaḥ | yataḥ pratibimbagatamālinyādīnāṃ
bimbe sparśo'pi nāsti | kiṃ cāntaryāmibrāhmaṇe ya ātmani tiṣṭhannātmano'ntaraḥ0
ya ātmānamantaro yamayati ( bṛ0 3|7

4.8

) ityatra niyamyaniyāmakayorekatraiva
sthitiruktā sā pratibimbavāde saṃgacchate | yathaikatraiva jale jalāvacchinna
ākāśo jale pratibimbitaścākāśa ityākāśadvayaṃ tathā'vidyārūpopādhau caitanyadvayam | tatra pratibimbacaitanyaṃ jīvabhūtaṃ niyamyam | avacchinnaṃ tvīśvararūpaṃ
niyāmakam | ghaṭāvacchinnākāśasya mahākāśānanyatvavadavacchinnacaitanyasya
bimbānanyatvaṃ bodhyam | evaṃ cājñānaprativimbitaṃ caitanyaṃ jīvaḥ, ajñānopahitaṃ
bimbacaitanyamīśvara iti prāguktapakṣa eva siddhāntabhūto'vatiṣṭhate | śuddhaṃ caitanyaṃ
tvajñānānupahitameveti | sarveṣvapyeyukteṣu pakṣeṣu brahmādvaitaṃ sthirameva | avacchinnasyopahitasya pratibimbitasya vā caitanyasya śuddhacaitanyāpekṣayā pṛthagbhāvāyogāt | jaḍavastunāpi
brahmaṇi dvaitaṃ nāpādanīyam | jaḍasyākāśādyakhilaprapañcasya bhāvarūpājñānopādānakatvena mithyātvāt
advaitam
ajñānaṃ cedaṃ sadasadbhyāmanirvacanīyaṃ triguṇātmakaṃ bhāvarūpaṃ jñānanivartyam
avidyā
atra pramāṇamahaṃ brahma na jānāmītyanubhavaḥ. devātmaśaktiṃ svaguṇairnigūḍhām “ bhūyaścānte viśvamāyānivṛttiḥ “ parāsya śaktirvividhaiva śrūyate ”
( śve0 6

4.15

) ityādyāḥ śrutayaḥ,
“ taratyavidyāṃ vitatāṃ hṛdi yasminniveśite
yogī māyāmameyātmā tasmai vidyātmane namaḥ ”
“ ajñānenāvṛtaṃ jñānaṃ tena muhyanti jantavaḥ ” ( gī0 5

4.16

)
“ jñānena tu tadajñānaṃ yeṣāṃ nāśitamātmanaḥ ” ( gī0 5

4.27

)
ityādismṛtayaśca | iyamajñānapadavācyā'vidyā kathaṃ jātā kena ca kāraṇenāsyā brahmaṇā saha saṃbandho jāta iti na codanīyam | avidyāyāstatsaṃbaṃdhasya
cānāditvāṅgīkārāt
sa saṃbandhaḥ kīdṛśa iti cet—ucyate | yathā'gniḥ svavirodhini jale
sākṣātpraveṣṭumaśakto'pi sūkṣmarūpeṇa pātrādidvārā jale praviśya tadīyaṃ śaityaṃ
cāpahnatya tatra svakīyoṣṇatvaṃ tadīyatvena pradarśayati tatheyamavidyā sākṣātpraveṣṭumaśaktā sūkṣmattareṇa svakīyamūlarūpeṇa tatra praviśya tadīyaṃ nirviṣayaṃ nirāśrayaṃ
sāmānyaparākāṣṭhābhūtaṃ svarūpamapahnutya svakīyaṃ sāśrayatvasaviṣayatvarūpaviśeṣarūpaṃ
tatra pradarśayati | ajñānaśaktirhi svayaṃ sāśrayā saviṣayā ca | tatra viṣaya īśvaraḥ
āśrayo jīvaḥ | etadvyamanayormitho bhedaścānādireva | etadeva sāśrayatvaṃ
saviṣayatvaṃ jñānarūpe brahmaṇi tadīyatvena pradarśayati | sāśrayatvena saviṣayatvena ca bhāsamānaṃ
yajjñānaṃ tadeva mahattattvam | etadārabhya sarvaṃ sādi na
tvanādi | tataścaikamapi jñānarūpaṃ brahma dharmadharmibhāvena viṣayaviṣayibhāvena ca bhinnavadbhāsate | jñātṛrūpeṇa jñeyarūpeṇa ca bhāsata
iti yāvat | tatra jñātā'haṃkāraḥ | jñeyaṃ śabdatanmātrādi | bhāsamānaṃ caitatsarvamavidyāpekṣayā pariṇāmaḥ | brahmāpekṣayā tu vivarta eva | ekasyaiva vastunaḥ pūrvāvasthātyāgapuraḥsaramavasthāntaraprāptiḥ pariṇāmaḥ | yathā kṣīrasya kṣīravyavahārayogyatāṃ parityajya dadhivyavahārayogyatāpattiḥ | pūrvāvasthāmaparityajyaivāvasthāntarabhānaṃ vivartaḥ | yathā rajjusvarūpeṇāvasthitasyaiva dravyasya sarpātmanā'vabhāsanam
tanmātrapadena sūkṣmabhūtānyucyante | śabdatanmātraṃ sūkṣmākāśam | tasmātsparśatanmātram | sūkṣmo vāyurityarthaḥ | evaṃ krameṇa sūkṣmāṇāṃ pañcabhūtānāmutpattiḥ | sūkṣmācca
tattadbhūtātsthūlasya tattadbhūtasyotpattiḥ
avidyāyāstriguṇātmakatvāttatpariṇāmabhūtaṃ sarvaṃ triguṇātmakameveti pañcabhūtānyapi triguṇānyeva | tatrākāśasya sāttvikāṃśācchrotramutpadyate | vāyoḥ sāttvikāṃśāttvagindriyam | tejasaḥ sāttvikāṃśāccakṣurindriyam | jalasya
sāttvikāṃśādrasanendriyam | pṛthivyāḥ sāttvikāṃśādghrāṇendriyam
pañcabhūtānāṃ sāttvikāṃśebhyo militebhyo'ntaḥkaraṇamutpadyate | taccaturvidham
taduktaṃ vārttikemano buddhirahaṃkāraścittaṃ ceti caturvidham
saṃkalpākhyaṃ manorūpaṃ buddhirniścayarūpiṇī
abhimānātmakastadvadahaṃkāraḥ prakīrtitaḥ
anusaṃdhānarūpaṃ ca cittamityabhidhīyate || iti
tathā''kāśasya rājasāṃśādvāgindriyamutpadyate | vāyo rājasāṃśāddhastau
tejaso rājasāṃśātpādau | jalasya rājasāṃśādupasthaḥ | pṛthivyā rājasāṃśātpāyuḥ
pañcabhūtānāṃ rājasāṃśebhyo militebhyaḥ prāṇa utpadyate | so'pi vṛttibhedāprāṇotpattiḥ
dvidhā vidhāya caikaikaṃ caturdhā prathamaṃ punaḥ
svasvetaradvitīyaṃśairyojanātpañca pañca te || ( pa. da. 1

4.8-2.1

) iti
jñānendriyapañcakamantaḥkaraṇacatuṣṭayaṃ karmendriyapañcakaṃ prāṇādipañcakaṃ bhūtasūkṣmapañcakamavidyā kāmaḥ karma cetyaṣṭakaṃ puryaṣṭakamityucyate | atrāvidyā kāryabhūtā
draṣṭavyā | sā cātasmiṃstadbuddhiḥ | yathā'nitye svargādau nityatvabuddhiḥ | aśūcau
śarīrādau śucitvabuddhiḥ | duḥkheṣu sukhabuddhiranātmani dehādāvātmabuddhiśceti | kāmo rāgaḥ | karma
trividham-saṃcitamāgāmi prārabdhaṃ ceti | phalamadattvā'dṛṣṭarūpeṇa vidyamānaṃ saṃcitam | āgāmi kariṣyamāṇam | yasya phalaṃ saṃpratyupabhujyate tatprārabdham | tatra mokṣakāle saṃcitasya tattvajñānena nāśaḥ | āgāmi
tu naivotpadyate | prārabdhasya tu phalabhogena vināśa iti
śarīrādisarvamacetanapadārthajātaṃ pāñcabhautikam | maraṇakāle sthūlaṃ śarīraṃ
vinaśyati na tu sūkṣmam | sūkṣmasya tu pralayakāle vināśaḥ | tatra tu sūkṣmaśarīrakāraṇībhūtamajñānamavaśiṣyate | idameva kāraṇaśarīramityucyate | tasya tu tattvajñānena mokṣāvasthāyāṃ nāśaḥ | turīyāvasthāyāṃ
yadyapi trividhadehasaṃbandhābhimāno nāsti tathāpi
trividhadehasaṃbandho'varjanīya eva | suṣuptau kāraṇadehasyābhimānaḥ | svapne tu liṅgadehasyāpi
jāgratau tu trividhasyāpi | suṣuptijāgratyoḥ saṃdhibhūtaḥ kṣaṇasturīyāvasthā
atha jīvanmuktyavasthātasturīyāvasthāyāṃ ko viśeṣa iti ceducyate | jñānasya
yannirvikepaṃ sāmānyamātrasvarūpaṃ tadavasthādvaye'pyaviśiṣṭam | turīyāvasthāyāṃ

4.8-2.2

pūrvasaṃskārāṇāmavinaṣṭatvātsadyaḥ pariṇāmonmukhaṃ tajjñānasāmānyaṃ garbhasthaṃ sthūlaśarīramiva vartate | jīvanmuktadaśāyāṃ tu pūrvasaṃskārāṇāṃ vinaṣṭaprāyatvādakhilapariṇāmatyāgonmukham | yathā''sannamṛtyoḥ sthūlaśarīramakhilabhogasādhanībhūtapariṇāmatyāgonmukhaṃ bhavati tadvat | jīvanmuktyavasthāyāṃ yattrakcandanavanitādiviṣayadarśanaṃ na tatkāryarūpeṇa kiṃtu kāraṇībhūtāvidyāśaktimadbrahmarūpeṇa | ato na tatkāryasaṃbaddhaṃ saṃskāraṃ janayituṃ prabhavati | nāpi tādṛśapūrvasaṃskārodbodhakaṃ bhavati | ataḥ pūrvasaṃskārāstadānīṃ kṣayonmukhā vinaṣṭaprāyā bhavanti | kāraṇavyatirekeṇa kāryasyāsattvānna
viṣayānkāryarūpeṇa paśyati jñānī | baddhajīvastu kāryarūpeṇa paśyati
tatra sarvatrānirvacanīyakhyātireva | kāryasya sadgrūpeṇāsadrūpeṇa ca nirvaktumaśakyatvāt | yathā śuktau bhāsamānaṃ rajatam | taddhi na sat | nedaṃ rajatamiti bādhānupapatteḥ | nāpyasat | idaṃ rajatamiti pratītyanupapatteḥ | ato'nirvacanīyamucyate
yadā śuktiridaṃtvena jñāyate na tu śuktitvena tadā tādṛśaṃ mūlāvidyākāryabhūtaṃ
śuktyajñānamidaṃtayā jāyamānajñānasahakṛtaṃ cākacakyyādisamudbodhitarajatasaṃskārasahakṛtaṃ ca rajatākāreṇa pariṇamate | tadvadevedaṃ sarvaṃ jaganna sat | jñānidṛṣṭyā
bādhānupapatteḥ | “neha nānāsti kiṃcana” (bṛ0
4|4|19) ityādiśrutivirodhācca | nāpyasat | pratītyanupapatteḥ | ato'nirvacanīyameva
tacca vikṣepaśaktimatyā mūlāvidyāyā mahattattvāhaṃkārākāśādidvārā kāryabhūtam
āvaraṇaśaktimatyā mūlāvidyāyāḥ kāryaṃ ca lokaprasiddhaṃ śuktyajñānādi | tathā

4.8-2.3

cānirvacanīyasya jagato yā pratītiḥ sā'nirvacanīyakhyātireva | na tu satkhyātiḥ
yatpratīyate tanna sat | yacca sadrahma na tatpratīyate | tasya pratītirūpatvena pratītiviṣayatvābhāvāt | ataḥ sataḥ khyātirdurvacā | idaṃ śāstramiti pratītirapyanirvacanīyakhyātireva | śāstrasyāpyavidyākāryabhūtānirvacanīyajagadantargatatvenānirvacanīyatvāt | “vedā avedāḥ” (bṛ0 4|2|22) ityevaṃ śāstreṇa
svayameva svānirvacanīyatvasya prakhyāpanāt
tādṛśamapi tattattvajñānahetubhūtaṃ bhavatyeva | yathā svapnasthā gajāśvādayo jīvakalpitatvena svayama Node satya api satyāṃ dhiyamutpādayanti satyaṃ ca śubhamaśubhaṃ vā
phalaṃ sūcayanti tadvat | kiṃvājñānanivārakatvameva śāstrasya tattvajñānahetutvam
na hi śāstraṃ gaganakusumavadasatyam | kiṃ tukevalaṃ tasya pāramārthikasatyatvaṃ nāstītyeva | tathā cāpāramārthikamapi śāstramajñānaṃ nivārayati | ajñānasyāpyapāramārthikatvāt | etāvattaiva śāstrasyāpāramārthikasyāpi prāmāṇyam | na kevalaṃ śāstrasyeyaṃ
gatiḥ | kiṃ. tu sarveṣāṃ pramāṇānām | taduktamdehātmapratyayo yadvatpramāṇatvena saṃmataḥ
laukikaṃ tadvadevedaṃ pramāṇaṃ tvātmaniścayāt || iti
tāni pramāṇāni ṣaṭ | pratyakṣānumānopamānaśabdāryāpattyanupalabdhibhedāt
cakṣurādinā ghaṭādiviṣayapratyakṣaṃ yadā jāyate tadā svāntasthacidābhāsasahitamantaḥkaraṇaṃ hṛdayarūpaṃ mūladeśamajahadeva cakṣurādidvārā bahirnirgatya ghaṭādiviṣayadeśaṃ gatvā tattadvipayākāreṇa pariṇamate | so'yaṃ pariṇāmo vṛttirityucyate | tadā

4.8-2.4

vṛttyā tatasthacidābhāsena ca ghaṭādirviṣayo vyāpto bhavati | tatra vṛttyā vyāptirvṛttivyāpyatvamityucyate | vṛttisthacidābhāsena vyāptiḥ phalavyāpyatvamityucyate
vṛttisthacidābhāsaḥ phalaśabdenocyate | viṣayacaitanyaṃ ca tasyāṃ vṛttau pratibimbitaṃ sattatsthacidābhāsena sahābhinnaṃ bhavati | upādhyorekadeśasthatva
upadheyabhedasyāsaṃbhavāt | tadā tāmasasya ghaṭādestamorūpamāvaraṇaṃ tayā vṛttyā
vināśyate | vṛttisthacidābhāsaścāvaraṇavināśe sati parisphuranviṣayacaitanyābhinnatayā viṣayarūpeṇa parisphurati | idameva pratyakṣajñānamityucyate | ahaṃ
sukhītyādyāntarapratyakṣasthale'pyevameva | "tattvamasi" ( chā0 6

4.8-3

7) ityādimahāvākyajanyātmasākṣātkārasthale tu jīvabrahmaṇorekatvasyājñānenāvṛtatvāttasyājñānasya nivṛttaye vākyajanyayā'haṃ brahmāsmītyevamākārayā'ntaḥkaraṇavṛttyā vyāptirapekṣyate | svasyaiva sphuraṇarūpatvāttadarthaṃ cidābhāsavyāptirnāpekṣyate
tacca pratyakṣaṃ savikalpakanirvikalpakabhedena dvividham | vikalpo vaiśiṣṭyam
ghaṭamahaṃ jānāmītyādi vaiśiṣṭyāvagāhi jñānaṃ savikalpakam | ghaṭarūpaviśeṣaṇaviśiṣṭajñānāvagāhitvāt | "tattvamasi" (chā0 6

4.8-4

7) ityādimahāvākyajanyamahaṃ brahmāsmīti jñānaṃ nirvikalpakam | pratyakṣajñānasāmagrīsattve
śabdādapi pratyakṣaṃ jāyate | ekasminneva jñāne tattannimittabhedena śābdatvaṃ
pratyakṣatvaṃ ca vartata eva | na cāsya pratyakṣasya
śābdatve śābdasya ca jñānasya padārthasaṃsargāvagāhitvena kathaṃ nirvikalpakatvamiti vācyam
nahi sarvatra śābdaṃ jñānaṃ padārthasaṃsargāvagāhyeveti niyamaḥ | kiṃtu vaktustātparyaviṣayaviṣayakameveti niyamaḥ | "tattvamasi" (chā0 6

5.1

7) ityatra
tu "sadeva somya" (chā0 6

5.8

1) iti pūrvaprakramānurodhena nirviśeṣāsaṅgabrahmaiva śrutitātparyaviṣayībhūtam | tathā cāsya nirvikalpakatvaṃ siddham
anumitistu vyāpyavyāpakayordvayormadhye vyāpyena vyāpakasya jñānam | yathā
dhūmenāgneḥ | yathā vāsya dṛśyamānasya jagato
brahmabhinnatvena mithyātvaṃ jñāyate | tatkaraṇamanumānam
vane gavayaṃ dṛṣṭvā tatra gosādṛśyaṃ jñātvā yadgavi gavayasādṛśyaṃ jñāyate sopamitiḥ | sādṛśyajñānasyaivopamititvāt | tatkaraṇaṃ gosādṛśyajñānaṃ tadevopamānam
upamānam neyamupamitiḥ pratyakṣāntargatā | gorasaṃnikarṣāt
nāpyanumitiḥ | hetubhūtasya gosādṛśyasya gavayaniṣṭhatvena sādhyasya ca gavayasādṛśyasya goniṣṭhatvena hetusādhyayoḥ sāmānādhikaraṇyābhāvāt | vyāptismṛtyāderatrānapekṣaṇācca
padasamūho vākyam | tasmājjāyamānaṃ jñānaṃ śābdam | tatkaraṇaṃ śabdaḥ | tatra
vedasyeśvarapraṇītatvātprāmāṇyam | sṛṣṭyārambhe parameśvareṇa pūrvasargasiddhavedānupūrvīsamānānupūrvīko vedo viracyate | smṛtipurāṇāśābdajñānam dīnāṃ tu vedamūlakatve prāmāṇyam | vedaviruddhārthakānāṃ tu na prāmāṇyam | aviruddhārthakānāṃ
tanmūlabhūtavedajñāne tu tadarthakaṃ vedyanumāya prāmāṇyaṃ kalpanīyam | tātparyānupapattau lakṣaṇyā'nyārthapratipādakatve'pi prāmāṇyamastyeva | yathā “ tattvamasi ”
( chā0 6

5.4

7 ) ityādeḥ
pīno devadatto divā na bhuṅkta ityatra pīnatvopapattaye yadrātribhojanaṃ kalpyate
sārthāpattiḥ | neyamanumānena gatārthā | divā'bhuñjāne pīne puruṣe prathamato dṛṣṭe'nvayavyāptidṛṣṭāntāsaṃbhavāt | yadyapi yatra yatra rātribhojanābhāvastatra tatra
divā'bhuñjānatvasamānādhikaraṇapīnatvasyābhāvaḥ,
arthāpattiḥ yathā divā rātrau cābhojīti vyāptiḥ saṃbhavati
tathāpi na sā pīnatvarātribhojanayorhetusādhyayoḥ
kiṃtu tadabhāvayoḥ | kiṃ cātra vyāptismṛtyāderapekṣāpi na dṛśyata ityarthāpattiḥ pramāṇāntarameva sādhīyaḥ
evamanupalabdhirapi pramāṇāntarameva | yadyatra bhūtale ghaṭo'bhaviṣyattadā
bhūtalamivādrakṣyadityevaṃ ghaṭādyanupalabdhyā ghaṭādyaanupalabdhiḥ bhāvo jñāyate | atra nendriyaṃ karaṇam | tasyādhikaraṇagrahaṇenopakṣīṇatvāt | abhāvena saha tatsaṃnikarṣābhāvācca | kiṃcātra jñānasya pratyakṣatvāṅgīkāre'pi tatpramāṇasyānupalabdhirūpasyendriyādbhedena pramāṇasaṃkarābhāva eveti
tadevaṃ pramāṇairjāyamānaṃ laukikaṃ jñānaṃ sāśrayaṃ saviṣayaṃ ; ca | tadabhivyañjakamantaḥkaraṇam | antaḥkaraṇavṛttireva hi laukikaṃ jñānam | ata eva tatra jñātṛtvamantaḥkaraṇasya tadupādhikasya
jīvasya vā | na tu śuddhasyātmanaḥ | tasya
jñānasvarūpatvena jñātṛtvāsaṃbhavāt | ahaṃ jānāmītyevaṃ bhāsamānaṃ jñātṛtvamapi nātmanaḥ | kiṃ tvahamarthasya | ahamarthastu nātmā | kiṃtvavidyāpariṇāmāntargato'haṃkāraḥ | ahaṃkāre cātmatvamāropitaṃ bhāsate
na tu vāstavikam | evaṃ manasīndriyeṣu prāṇe dehādau cātmatvamāropitameva bhrameṇa
bhāsate | etādṛśabhramanivṛttimantarā mokṣo durlabhaḥ | bhramanivṛttiśca brahmajñānenaiva
brahmajñāne'dhikārī ca sādhanacatuṣṭayasaṃpanna eva | sādhanacatuṣṭayasaṃpattyabhāve
brahmavicārasyānapekṣaṇāt | taduttaraṃ brahmavicārasyāvaśyāpekṣaṇācca | sādhanacatuṣṭayaṃ ca ( 1 ) nityānityavastuvivekaḥ ( 2 ) ihāmutrārthaphalabhogavirāgaḥ ( 3 )
śamādiṣaṭka saṃpattiḥ ( 4 ) mumukṣutvaṃ ceti | taduktaṃ varāhopaniṣadi—
śamadamoparatititikṣāśraddhāsamādhānāni śamādiṣaṭkam | laukikavyāpārānmanasa
uparamaḥ śamaḥ | bāhyendriyanigraho damaḥ | karmasaṃnyāsa uparatiḥ | śītoṣṇādidvaṃdvasahanaṃ titikṣā
āstikyabuddhiḥ śraddhā | nidrāyā ālasyasya
pramādasya ca tyāgena manaḥsthitiḥ samādhānam | “tasmācchānto dānta uparatastitikṣuḥ śraddhāvitto bhūtvā''tmanyevātmānaṃ paśyet” ( vṛ0 4

5.4-2

23 )
“śānto dānta uparatastitikṣuryo'nūcāno hyabhijajñau samānaḥ” ( śākhyā0 5 )
ityādyāḥ śrutayo'pi śamādīnāmātmasākṣātkārasādhanatvaṃ pratipādayanti | etānyantaraṅgasādhanāni
karma tu cittaśuddhidvārā jñānasādhanamiti bahiraṅgam | antaraṅgatarasādhanaṃ tu
śravaṇamanananididhyāsanarūpaṃ trayam | “ātmā vā are draṣṭavyaḥ śrotavyo mantavyo nididhyāsitavyaḥ” ( vṛ0 2

5.8-2

5 ) iti
śruteḥ | draṣṭavyaḥ, ahaṃ brahmetyevaṃ sākṣātkāraṇīyaḥ
tadupāyaḥ śrotavya ityādinoktaḥ śravaṇādiḥ
śravaṇaṃ nāma vedāntavākyānāmadvitīye brahmaṇi tātparyaniścayaḥ | śrutārthasyopapaktibhiścintanaṃ mananam | vijātīyapratyayatiraskāreṇa sajātīyapratyayapravāhīkaraṇaṃ
nididhyāsanam | taduktamśabdaśaktiviṣayaṃ nirūpaṇaṃ yuktiruḥ śravaṇamucyate budhaiḥ
vastutattvaviṣayaṃ nirūpaṇaṃ yuktito mananamityudīryate
cetasastu citimātrāśeṣatā dhyānamityabhivadanti vaidikāḥ
antaraṅgamidamityudīritaṃ tatkuruṣva paramātmabuddhaye || iti
tatra vedāntavākyānyadvitīye brahmaṇi pramāṇaṃ na veti saṃśayaḥ śravaṇena nivarttate | mananena tvaneke saṃśayā nivarttante | te yathā-prapañcaḥ satyo mithyā vā,
ātmā''nandasvarūpo na vā, ātmā dehātirikto na vā, jīvasya paramātmanā
sahaikyaṃ saṃbhavati na vā, ātmajñānaṃ mokṣasādhanaṃ na vā, mokṣasādhanatve'pi karmasamuccitaṃ tanmokṣasādhanamathavā kevalam, ātmā jñānasvarūpo vā jñānaguṇako
vetyādayaḥ | mananaṃ hi tarkātmakam | yadi prapañcaḥ satyaḥ syāttarhyadvitīyaśrutivirodhaḥ syāditi tarkeṇa prapañce satyatvadhīrnivarttate | ātmānandasvarūpo na syāccettatprāptaye na
ko'pi vyāpriyeteti tarke ātmana ānandarūpatāyāṃ
pramāṇam | deha evātmā cejjanmāntarābhāvena kṛtanāśākṛtābhyāgamaprasaṅgaḥ | jīvabrahmaṇorbhede " tattvamasi" ( chā0 6

5.8-3

7 ) ityādiśrutivirodhaḥ
ātmajñānasya mokṣasādhanatvābhāve karmasamuccitasya vā tasya mokṣasādhanatve
"nānyaḥ panthā vidyate'yanāya " ( śve0 3

6.2

) iti śruteraprāmāṇyāpattiḥ
ātmā jñānaguṇakaścet "nirguṇam" ( cū0 7

6.22

) iti śrutirna saṃgacchetetyādayastarkā yathāyathaṃ svayamūhyāḥ | nididhyāsanena tvahamaṅga ityādivibhramo nivarttate
evaṃ śravaṇādibhiḥ saṃśayabhramanivṛttāvanyapratibandhābhāve satyahaṃ brahmāsmītyaparokṣapramā jāyate | anyapratibandhaśca bhūtabhāvivartamānabhedena trividhaḥ | pūrvānubhūtaviṣayasyāveśena punaḥpunaḥ smaraṇaṃ bhūtapratibandhaḥ | ayaṃ ca yasya viṣayasya
smaraṇaṃ tadgate nāmarūpe palālavatparityajya tadantaḥsthaṃ tattvaṃ dhānyavatsvīkṛtya
nivāraṇīyaḥ | atra parityāgaścānanusaṃdhānarūpaḥ
svīkāraścānusaṃdhānarūpaḥ | prārabdhakarmaśeṣo bhāvipratibandhaḥ | karmaśeṣaśca phalabhogottarameva nivṛrttate
tatra pravalasya kāmyakarmaṇaḥ śeṣaścetsa jñānapratibandhako bhavati | durbalasya kāmyakarmaṇaḥ śeṣaścetsa sāmānyataḥ śarīrasthitiṃ kurvannapi na jñānapratibandhako bhavati
evaṃ nityakarmaśeṣaḥ phalaṃ janayannajanayanvā pāpakarmabhirucinivṛttidvārā tattvajñānānukūla eva na pratibandhakaḥ | brahmalokaprāpakasukṛtakarmaviśeṣānusāriṇī brahmalokecchāpi kasyacijjāyamānā bhāvipratibandha eva | sa tu brahmalokaṃ gatvā
brahmaṇā saha mucyate | tadanicchustu na tāvantaṃ kālaṃ pratīkṣate | vartamānapratibandhastu viparyāsaktikṛtarkaprajñāmāndyā dvibhedenānekavidhaḥ| tatra viparyāsaktiḥ śamādibhiḥ punaḥpunarabhyastairnivāraṇīyā | kutarkāśca śravaṇādibhiḥ punaḥ punarabhyastairnivāraṇīyāḥ | prajñāmāndyanivāraṇāya rājasatāmasānnaṃ tyājyam | tathāpi tannivṛttiḥ śanaireva bhavejjanmāntare vā | guruprasādādinā tu tasminnapi janmani
bhavati
tadevaṃ kasyacitpratibandhakasyābhāve'haṃ brahmāsmītyapratibandhasākṣātkāreṇājñāne
nivṛtte mumukṣurakhaṇḍekarasasaccidānandabrahmātmanāvatiṣṭhate | yathā rājakule jāto'pi
karṇo janmaprabhṛti vyādhakula eva saṃvardhitastajjātīyasahavāsādijanitabhrāntilakṣaṇāvidyayā svātmānaṃ rādheyaṃ manyate na tu svataḥ siddhaṃ vidyamānamapi kaunteyatvamanubhavati | tataśca kaunteyatvaprayuktācchreyasaḥ sakāśātpracyutaḥ sarvatra nānāvidhāśāpāvamānādilakṣaṇaṃ bahuvidhaṃ duḥkhaṃ prāptavān
sa ca kadācidbhagavatā sūryeṇa “ karṇa kaunteyo'si
tvaṃ na rādheyaḥ” ityupadeśaṃ kurvatā smāritanijarūpastayā smṛtyā vyādhatvarādheyatvāderavidyākṛtasya nivṛttau satyāṃ vyādhatvādikṛtaṃ duḥkhaṃ tyaktvā kaunteyatvaprayuktaṃ śreyaḥ prāptavān | tathā brahmāpyanādisiddhayā svāvidyayā''vṛtanijarūpaṃ sañjīvabhāvaṃ prāpya svataḥ siddhānityaniratiśayānandasvarūpānubhavātpracyutaṃ satsaṃsarati | tacca saṃsaradbrahma kadācitsvāvidyākalpitena guruṇā śāstreṇa cotpāditayā svagocaravidyayā jīvabhāvādiprayojakāvidyānivṛttau nityasiddhaniratiśayānandasvarūpeṇāvatiṣṭhate
iyaṃ ca muktirjīvato'pi bhavati | bādhakābhāvāt | iyameva jīvanmuktiḥ
taduktaṃ varāhopaniṣadi—
yasminkāle svamātmānaṃ yogī jānāti kevalam
tasmātkālātsamārabhya jīvanmukto bhavedasau || (varā0 2|42) iti
tathā—
nodeti nāstamāyāti sukhe duḥkhe manaḥprabhā
yathāprāptasthitairyasya sa jīvanmukta ucyate || ( varā. 3

6.40

)
ityādiśrutau vistareṇa jīvanmuktāvasthā varṇitā | ātmopaniṣadi caśiva eva svayaṃ sākṣādayaṃ brahmaviduttamaḥ
jīvanneva sadā muktaḥ kṛtārtho brahmavittamaḥ || ( ātmo0 20 ) iti
jīvanmuktāvasthāprayojanāni tu jñānarakṣā tapo visaṃvādābhāvo duḥkhanivṛttiḥ
sukhāvirbhāvaśceti pañca | utpannabrahmasākṣātkārasya puruṣasya punaḥ saṃśayaviparyayānutpattirjñānarakṣā | sā ca " saṃśayātmā vinaśyati " ( gī0 4

6.21

)
ityuktyā saṃśayasattve tanmūlakaprāptapracyutervāraṇāyāvaśyakī jīvanmuktyavasthāyāṃ
sulabhā | tathā tasyāmavasthāyāmakhilavṛttīnāmanudayāccittaikāgryaṃ bhavati | tadeva
tapaḥ
manasaścendriyāṇāṃ ca hyekāgryaṃ paramaṃ tapaḥ
ityukteḥ | tena ca lokasaṃgraho jāyate
yadyadācarati śreṣṭhastattadevetaro janaḥ | ( gī0 3

6.7

)
jīvanmuktiprayojanāni ityukteḥ | tathā jīvanmuktasya vyutthānadaśāyāṃ kenacinnindāyāṃ kṛtāyāmapi tādṛśacittavṛttyanudayādvisaṃvādo na bhavati | taduktamjñātvā vayaṃ tattvaniṣṭhāṃ nanu modāmahe vayam
anuśocāma evānyānna bhrāntairviṣadāmahe || iti
tathā jīvanmuktasya bhrānternivṛttatayā cittasyātmaikākāratayā ca prārabdhabhoge
satyapi samastaduḥkhanivṛttiḥ | tathā ca śrutiḥātmānaṃ cedvijānīyādayamasmīti pūruṣaḥ
kimicchankasya kāmāya śarīramanusaṃjvaret || ( śāṭyā0 22 ) iti
tathā jīvanmuktyavasthāyāṃ jñānayogābhyāsenāvidyākṛtāvaraṇasya sarvathā nivṛttyā paripūrṇabrahmānandānubhavasukhāvirbhāvo bhavati | tathā ca śrutiḥsamādhinirdhūtamalasya cetaso niveśitasyātmani yatsukhaṃ bhavet
na śakyate varṇayituṃ girā tadā svayaṃ tadantaḥkaraṇena gṛhyate || iti
tataḥ prārabdhakarmasamāptyā dehāvasāne taduttaraṃ videhamuktiḥ | tadapyuktaṃ śrutauprārabdhakṣayaparyantaṃ jīvanmuktā bhavanti te
tataḥ kālavaśādeva prārabdhe tu kṣayaṃ gate
vaidehīṃ māmakīṃ muktiṃ yānti nāstyatra saṃśayaḥ || (mukti0 43)
jīvanmuktapadaṃ tyaktvā svadehe kālasātkṛte
viśatyadehamuktatvaṃ pavano'spandatāmiva || ( mukti0 76 ) iti
ātmopaniṣadyapighaṭe naṣṭe yathā vyoma vyomaiva bhavati svayam
tathaivopādhivilaye brahmaiva brahmavitsvayam || ( ātmo0 1|22) iti
muktāvavidyāmūlakasyābhāsasya sarvathā'bhāvānna tatra leśato'pyahaṃbhāvaḥ | ahaṃbhāvavidehamuktiḥ
syāvidyāpariṇāmaviśeṣatvāt | evamavidyāmūlako
jīvabrahmabhedo'pi tatra sutarāṃ na bhāsate| taduktamvibhedajanake'jñāne nāśamātyantikaṃ gate
ātmano brahmaṇo bhedamasantaṃ kaḥ kariṣyati
(tri0 pu0 6

6.3

94) iti
mukteḥ svarūpāvasthānamātratvena tatra pūrvoktabhedatrayasyābhāvena sukhaduḥkhahetordvitīyasyābhāvāttadānīṃ na sukhaṃ na vā duḥkham | bhoktṛtvopādherantaḥkaraṇasya vināśena bhogāsaṃbhavācca | tasmāt "brahmavidbrahmaiva bhavati" (mu0 3|2|9) itiśrutipratipādito brahmabhāvalakṣaṇo mokṣo bhavatīti siddham
śrīmacchaṃkarācāryāśca śālivāhanaśake khenduhayamite ( śake 710, isavī
śrīśaṃkarācāryakālaḥ
sana 788) saṃvatsare prādurabhūvan | taiścādvaitātmavāde sarvatra prakāśite darśanāntarāṇi prāyo viralapracārāṇi babhūvuḥ | mahāprabhāvabhājāṃ śrīmadācāryapādānāṃ purataśca na ko'pi darśanāntarābhimānī vivaditumutsahate sma
alpenaiva kālena prāyaḥ sarvatra śiṣyagaṇena saha saṃcāraṃ kṛtvā catasṛṣu dikṣu
maṭhānsaṃsthāpya tatra tatrādvaitātmavādaprakhyāpanakuśalān śiṣyānsaṃyojya svīyāvatārakṛtye paripūrṇatāmākalayya śālivāhanaśake pakṣavedarṣiparimite (śake 742,
isavī sana 820) saṃvatsare svasvarūpaṃ prāpurācāryacaraṇāḥ | anye tu ' śaśyagnirasayugma ( 2631) parimite yudhiṣṭhiraśake vaiśākhaśuklapañcamyāṃ śrīmacchaṃkarācāryāṇāṃ janmābhūt | tathā'gnirasarasayugma (2663) parimite yudhiṣṭhiraśake kārtikaśuklapaurṇamāsyāmācāryā jyotīrūpatāṃ yayuḥ' iti kathayanti
tato mohāndhatamase nimagno'pi tacchātragaṇo gurucaraṇaprasādalabdhajñānajyotiḥsāhāyyena dyumaṇāvastaṃgate dīpa iva karmavaśaprāṇinikāyasvāntamaviṣṭājñānatimiravṛndaṃ vināśayitumaśakat | advaitātmavādaśca prāyaḥ sarvatrāskhalitamacāraḥ samajati
ayamadvaitātmavāda eva māyāvāda iti loke gīyate
tataḥ saptādhikasaṃvatsaraśatatrayānantaraṃ śake grahavedākāśenduparimite ( śake
1049 isavī sana 1127 ) rāmānujācāryāḥ
prādurabhavan | māyāvādamasahamānāneṣāṃ māyāvādannirasanāya pravṛttiriti tatra tatra tatpraṇīteṣu
śrībhāṣyādipravandheṣu māyāvādimatamullikhya tatrāparitoṣamudbhāvayadbhistaireva prakaṭīkṛtam | kiṃ tvayaṃ teṣāṃ yatnaḥ kiyatāṃśena saphalī babhūveti vibhāvanīyaṃ sūribhiḥ
rāmānujācāryāśca tricanāpallīsaṃjñakamadeśe bhūtapurīgrāme hārītānvayasaṃbhavātkeśavabhaṭṭeti sugṛhītanāmro drāviḍabrāhmaṇātsakāśātkāntimatyāṃ samabhūvan | ete śeṣāvatārabhūtā iti tatsaṃpradāyaḥ | baudhāyanakṛtavṛttyādiprayatnena kurvadrūpatāṃ prāpito
dramiḍācāryapraṇītabhāṣyeṇa ṭaṅkanācāryaviracitavārtikena cāṅkurito viśiṣṭādvaitadarśanamahīruho yāmunācāryādinirmitasiddhitrayādigranthaiḥ puṣpito rāmānujācāryapraṇītavedārthasaṃgrahādinā phalito'bhavat | rāmānujācāryaiśca vedārthasaṃgrahe viśiṣṭādvaitānusāreṇa śrutyartho'vadhāritaḥ | tathāpi brahmasūtrakārāṇāmasaṃmato'yaṃ viśiṣṭādvaitavāda iti lokānāṃ matiḥ syāttannirākaraṇāya brahmasūtravyākhyārūpaḥ śrībhāṣyaprabandhastaireva niramāyi | tatra ca viśiṣṭādvaitadarśanānusāreṇa brahmasūtrāṇi vyākhyātāni | vedāntasāra-vedāntadīpa-gītābhāṣya-nityārādhanavidhi-śrīgadyaprabhṛtayo'nye'pi granthā rāmānujācāryairviracitā iti prasiddhiḥ
śrīmadrāmānujācāryā viśiṣṭādvaitavādinaḥ
cakurmāyāmanāśritya prasthānatrayayojanam

6.4

atha sukhabodhāya rāmānujadarśanaṃ pradarśyate
nityaṃ heyaguṇāvadhūnanaparā nairguṇyavādāḥ śrutau
spaṣṭārthāḥ saguṇoktayaḥ śubhaguṇaprakhyāpanāllakṣaṇāḥ
advaitaśrutayo viśiṣṭaviṣayā niṣkṛṣṭarūpāśrayā
bhedoktistadihākhilaśrutihitaṃ rāmānujīyaṃ matam

6.7-2

pramāṇasiddhaṃ vastu tattvaśabdenocyate | tacca tattvaṃ trividham | jaḍajīveśvarabhedāt | jaḍaṃ prasiddhaṃ pāñcabhautikaṃ śarīrādikamakhilaṃ jagat | tadeva bhogasādhanam | tadapekṣayā svarūpataḥ svabhāvataścātyantavilakṣaṇastadantaryāmī jīvātmā | sa ca baddho mukto nityaśceti trividhaḥ | jīvasyāpyantaryāmīśvaraḥ | ayaṃ ca nikhilaheyaguṇarāhityena kalyāṇaikatānatvena ca jīvāpekṣayā'tyantavilakṣaṇaḥ | īśvaraśca sarvāvasthāñjīvāñjaḍāṃśca padārthānvyāpnoti | jaḍānāṃ
jīvānāṃ cāntaryāmī bhūtvā teṣāṃ niyantā ca bhavati | tathā ca śrutayaḥ- 'yaḥ
pṛthivyāṃ tiṣṭhanpṛthivyā antaraḥ0 yaḥ pṛthivīmantaro yamayati' ( bṛ0 3

6.22-2

3) 'ya ātmani tiṣṭhannātmano'ntaraḥ0 ya ātmānamantaro yamayati' (bṛ0 3
7

7.1

) 'antarbahiśca tatsarvaṃ vyāpya nārāyaṇaḥ sthitaḥ' (nā0 13

7.3

)
'pradhānakṣetrajñapatirguṇeśaḥ' (śve0 6| 16) iti | na cāyaṃ jīveśvarayorbheda aupādhika iti mantavyam | tadā vidvānpuṇyapāpe vidhūya nirañjanaḥ paramaṃ sāmyamupaiti
(mu0 3|1|3) ityādiśrutiṣu, muktopasṛpyavyapadeśācca ( bra0 sū0 1

7.4

3 )
bhogamātrasāmyaliṅgācca ( bra0 sū0 4

7.10.1

21 ) ityādisūtreṣu,
idaṃ jñānamupāśritya mama sādharmyamāgatāḥ (gī0 14 | 2)
iti gītāyāṃ ca sarvāvidyopādhivinirmuktasya jīvasya mokṣāvasthāyāmapīśvarāpekṣayā bhedapratipādanāt | na hi svasya svenaiva sāmyaṃ bhavati | na vā svayameva
svasyopasṛpyo bhavati | muktairupasṛpyo muktopasṛpyaḥ | muktaprāpya iti yāvat
prakārāntareṇa punastattvaṃ dvividham | dravyaṃ guṇaśceti | upādānatvaṃ guṇāśrayatvaṃ
svāśrayādanyatra vartamānatvaṃ saṃkocavikāsāvasthāśrayatvaṃ vā dravyatvam | tacca dravyaṃ ṣaḍvidhamīśvaro jīvo nityavibhūtirjñānaṃ prakṛtiḥ kālaśceti
īśvaraḥ paramātmā brahmaśabdavācyaḥ sarvādhāraḥ sarvakartā | jīvo nityavibhūtiḥ
prakṛtiḥ kālaśceti dravyacatuṣṭayamīśvarasya śarīrabhūtam | īśvarasya svarūpaṃ jñānaṃ
śarīraṃ ceti trayamapi vyāpakameva | sa ceśvaraḥ pañcavidhaḥ- paravyūhavibhavāntaryāmyarcāvatārabhedāt | tatra paro vaikuṇṭhe śriyā
sahito'nantagaruḍādibhirnityajīvaiḥ saha krīḍannāste | ayameva muktaprāpyaḥ | para evopāsanārthaṃ
vāsudevasaṃkarṣaṇapradyumnāniruddhabhedena caturdhā'vasthito vyūha ityucyate | jagatsarjanamupāsakānugrahaḥ saṃsārirakṣaṇaṃ cāsyaiva kṛtyam | tatra vāsudevaḥ ṣaḍguṇapūrṇaḥ
jñānaśaktiyalaiśvaryavīryatejāṃsi ṣaḍguṇāḥ | jñānaṃ nāma sarvadā sarvaviṣayaprakāśakaḥ
svaprakāśo guṇaviśeṣaḥ | śaktirjagatprakṛtibhāvaḥ, aghaṭitaghaṭanāsāmarthyaṃ vā
balaṃ jagatkāraṇatvaprayuktaśramābhāvaḥ, sakalavastudhāraṇasāmarthyaṃ vā | aiśvaryaṃ

7.10.2

svātantryeṇa kartṛtvaṃ, sakalajīvajaḍaniyamanasāmarthyaṃ vā | vīryaṃ jagadupādānakāraṇatve'pi svarūpavikārābhāvaḥ | tejaḥ sahakārinirapekṣyaṃ parābhibhavanasāmarthyaṃ
vā | saṃkarṣaṇapradyumnāniruddheṣu saṃkarṣaṇe jñānavalayorādhikyam | pradyumne, caiśvaryavīryayorādhikyam | aniruddhe tu śaktitejasoḥ | vibhavastu matsyakūrmādiḥ
antaryāmī tu tattatprāṇināṃ hṛdayapradeśe'vasthito yogibhiḥ svahṛdaye dhyeyaḥ | ayaṃ
ca jīvena saha vidyamāno'pi jīvagatadoṣairna lipyate | arcārvatārastu bhaktakalpitapratimādipadārthaṃ śarīratayā svīkṛtyopāsakādhīnasnānādimānsarvasahiṣṇurdevālayādiṣu vidyamāno mūrtiviśeṣaḥ | vyūhādiṣu caturṣu para eva kvacicchaktyāveśena kvacitsvarūpāveśena cāvatiṣṭhate | āveśaścāyaṃ kvacitpūrṇatvena kvacidaṃśena ca
bhavati
paramātmanaḥ svarūpanirūpakā dharmāśca satyatvajñānatvānandatvāmalatvādayaḥ
ete sarvāsu vidyāsvanuvartante | sarvavidyāsvete dharmā
upāsyā iti yāvat | uktairdharmaiḥ svarūpe nirūpite
tadviśeṣakā jñānavalādayo dharmāḥ | sauśīlyādayo
dharmāstu jñānādidharmavitatirūpāḥ | sarvajñatvasarvaśaktitvādayo dharmā jagadutpādana
upayujyante | vātsalyasauśīlyasaulabhyādaya āśrayaṇa upayujyante | vātsalyādīndṛṣṭvopāsakāḥ paramātmānamāśrayanti | kāruṇyādayo dharmā bhaktarakṣaṇa
upayujyante
jīvaḥ pratiśarīraṃ bhinno'ṇuparimāṇaḥ svayaṃprakāśo nityaśca | asya kartṛtvamīśvarādhīnam | sa ca trividhaḥ baddhamuktanityabhedāt
brahmadevaprabhṛtayaḥ stambaparyantāḥ saṃsāriṇo jīvā
baddhāḥ | paramātmopāsanayā tyaktasūkṣmaśarīrā

7.10.3

vaikuṇṭhanivāsino muktāḥ | teṣāṃ brahmānubhavo'nanta eva | na tasya paramāvadhiḥ
baddhadaśāyāṃ tirobhūtaṃ guṇāṣṭakaṃ muktadaśāyāmāvirbhavati | guṇāṣṭakaṃ tvaprākṛtaśabdasparśarūparasagandhaśaktijñānānandarūpam | anantagaruḍaviṣvaksenādayo jīvā nityāḥ
nityavibhūtirnāma śuddhasattvātmakaḥ svayaṃprakāśo deśaviśeṣaḥ | idaṃ ca
nityavibhūtiḥ
śuddhasattvaṃ dravyātmakaṃ guṇasattvādvilakṣaṇaṃ guṇasattvasyāśrayabhūtaṃ ca | deśaviśeṣaścāyamadhaḥ paricchinnaḥ | ūrdhvaṃ tvasya paricchedo na vidyate
paramātmano muktānāṃ nityajīvānāṃ ca bhogasthānametat
jñānaṃ buddhiḥ | arthaprakāśa iti yāvat | tacca sadā saviṣayaṃ svaprakāśaṃ vibhu
jñānam
ca | idaṃ ca dravyaṃ sadeva guṇātmakamapi bhavati
niyamena jīveśvarānyataravṛttitvāt | yathā dīpasya
prabhā dravyarūpāpi dīpaguṇabhūtā bhavati tadvat
jīveśvarasvarūpabhūtaṃ jñānaṃ tvetasmādanyat | tacca kevalaṃ dravyameva | na tu guṇaḥ
jīveśvarayoḥ kevaladravyatvāt | tatra yathā
svasyaiva bhāsako dīpaḥ svasya cānyasya ca prabhā
tadvajjīveśvarasvarūpabhūtaṃ jñānaṃ svasyaiva prakāśakam | guṇabhūtaṃ jñānaṃ tu svasya cānyasya ca prakāśakaṃ bhavati | tacca guṇabhūtaṃ jñānamīśvarasya nityānāṃ ca jīvānāṃ
sadāvirbhūtameva na tu kadāpi tirohitaṃ bhavati | baddhānāṃ jīvānāṃ tvaṃśenāvirbhūtaṃ
bhavati | mokṣaprāptyanantaraṃ tu kātsnryenāvirbhūtaṃ bhavati tāruṇyāvasthāyāṃ puṃstvavat

7.10.4

tacca jñānaṃ nityameva | jñānamutpannaṃ jñānaṃ naṣṭamityādivyavahārastu jñānasya saṃkocavikāsāvasthāmādāyopapādanīyaḥ | ghaṭādiviṣayapratyakṣakāle jīvātmaniṣṭhametajjñānamindriyadvārā bahirniḥsṛtya ghaṭādiviṣayeṇa saṃnikṛṣyate | ātmaguṇabhūtasyāpyasya jñānasya dravyarūpatvāṅgīkāreṇa svāśrayādanyatra gamanaṃ bahirniḥsaraṇādikriyāvattvaṃ ca na virudhyate | taduktaṃ yāmunācāryaiḥāśrayādanyato vṛtterāśrayeṇa samanvayāt
dravyatvaṃ ca guṇatvaṃ ca jñānasyaivodyate || iti
prakṛtistu sattvarajastamorūpaguṇatrayavatī nityā caturviṃśatitattvātmikā
iyameva vicitrasṛṣṭikāratvānmāyāśabdena vyapadiśyate | tathā jñānavirodhitvādaprakṛtiḥ
vidyāśabdena nityatvāccākṣaraśabdena vyapadiśyate
iyameva sarvajagato mūlaprakṛtiḥ | caturviṃśatitattvāni tu prakṛtimahadahaṃkāramanaḥpañcajñānendriyapañcakarmendriyapañcatanmātrapañcabhūtāni | triguṇātmikāyāṃ prakṛtau bhagavatsaṃkalpādhīnaguṇavaiṣamyātatkāryonmukhāvasthāyuktaśabdenocyate | tasmādavyaktānmahatattvamutpadyate | buddhisāmānyasya mahattattvamiti pāribhāṣikī saṃjñā | tacca sāttvikaṃ rājasaṃ
tāmasaṃ ceti trividham | mahattattvādahaṃkāra utpadyate | ayameva dehātmābhimānādijanakaḥ | ayamapi sāttvikarājasatāmasabhedena trividhaḥ | rājasāhaṃkārasahakṛtātsāttvikāhaṃkārājjñānendriyapañcakaṃ karmendriyapañcakaṃ cetyekādaśendriyāṇi jāyante| manaḥśrotracakṣurghāṇarasanātvagbhedena jñānendriyaṃ ṣaḍvidham | eṣu ṣaṭsrvantarindriyaṃ manaḥ
śrotrādīni pañca bāhyendriyāṇi | tatra manaḥ saṃkalpasmṛtyādau kāraṇaṃ bhavati

7.10.5

bāhyendriyāṇāṃ viṣayapravṛttau sahakāri ca bhavati | etadeva manaḥ śabdādviṣayāsaktyavasthāyāṃ bandhakāraṇam | yadā tu bāhyaviṣayāñchabdādīnvimucyātmarūpaviṣayāsaktaṃ bhavati tadā tadevāpavargakāraṇaṃ bhavati | śrotracakṣurdhāṇarasanātvagākhyāni
pañcendriyāṇi krameṇa śabdarūpagandharasasparśagrāhakāṇi | tvagindriyaṃ cakṣurindriyaṃ
ca dravyagrāhakamapi yathāyogyaṃ bhavati | ākāśādīni pañcamahābhūtāni krameṇa
śrotratvakcakṣurjihvāghrāṇākhyānāṃ pañcānāmindriyāṇāṃ poṣakāṇi bhavanti | indriyāṇi cābharaṇe ratnānīva śarīramāśritya tiṣṭhanti | vākpāṇipādapāyūpasthātmakāni karmendriyāṇi pañca | etāni vacanādānaviharaṇotsargānandātmakāni kāryāṇi krameṇa janayanti | ākāśavāyutejojalapṛthivyākhyāni pañcamahābhūtāni
etānyeva bhūtāni sūkṣmāṇi prāgavasthāsthitāni tanmātraśabdenocyante śabdatanmātraṃ sparśatanmātraṃ rūpatanmātraṃ rasatanmātraṃ gandhatanmātraṃ ceti | dadhyavasthātaḥ
prākkalalarūpeṇa kṣīrapariṇāmavat
bhūtānāṃ tanmātrāṇāṃ cotpattāvanekaṃ darśanam | tatra tāmasāhaṃkārātpañcāpi
tanmātrāṇyutpadyante, tebhyaśca krameṇa pañcabhūtānyutpadyante ityekam | tāmasāhaṃkārācchabdatanmātramutpadyate | śabdatanmātrādākāśaḥ | ākāśātsparśatanmātram | sparśatanmātrādvāyuḥ | vāyo rūpatanmātram | rūpatanmātrāttejaḥ | tejaso
rasatanmātram | rasatanmātrājjalam | jalādgandhatanmātram | gandhatanmātrātpṛthivīti

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