一切經音義 30

English (machine translation) 30

Language: English

30.1

Supplemented and continued by Huilin, śramaṇa and translator of the Great Tang

Fo sheng daolitian jing, 2 fascicles — Huilin
Dao shenzu bianhua jing, 4 fascicles — Xuanying
Dashu jinnaluo jing, 4 fascicles — Huilin
Tundhentuoluo suowen jing, 2 fascicles — Xuanying
Baoyu jing, 10 fascicles — Huilin
Baoyun jing, 7 fascicles — Xuanying
Aweiyuezhe jing, 3 fascicles — Xuanying
Bvtui falun jing, 4 fascicles — Huilin
Guangbo yanjing jing, 4 fascicles — Xuanying
Bubiyin jing, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Ruding buding yin jing, 1 fascicle — Huilin
Chixin fantian jing, 4 fascicles
Dengji zhongde sanmei jing, 3 fascicles — Xuanying
Ji yiqie fude sanmei jing, 3 fascicles — Xuanying
Siyi jing, 4 fascicles — Xuanying
Shengsīwei fantian jing, 6 fascicles
Chiren pusa jing, 4 fascicles — Huilin
Chishi jing, 4 fascicles — Xuanying
Ji zhu fangdeng xue jing, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Dasheng fangguang zongchi jing, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Baoqie jing, 3 fascicles — Huilin
Wenshu xian baozang jing, 3 fascicles — Xuanying
Dasheng tongxing jing, 2 fascicles — Xuanying
Zhengqi dasheng jing, 2 fascicles — Huilin
Shenmi jietuo jing, 5 fascicles — Huilin
Jieshenmi jing, 5 fascicles
Jiejie jing, 1 fascicle — Xuanying
Xiangxu jietuo liaoyi jing, 1 fascicle
Yuansheng jing, 2 fascicles — Huilin
Fenbie yuanqi famen jing, 2 fascicles
The sounds and meanings for the above thirty sūtras in ninety-eight fascicles are in this fascicle.

30.3

Fo sheng daolitian wei mu shuofa jing, Upper Fascicle

30.4

Pronunciations by Huilin

30.5

憒擾 (The upper character is fanqie hu[i] + zu[i]. The Fangyan says: '憒 means trouble in mind.' The Shuowen says: 'Disorder; it derives from 心 and 䝿.' The lower character is fanqie r[ao] + sh[ao]. The Guangya says: '擾擾 also means disorder.' The Kaosheng says: 'To churn up; to cause trouble for that on account of this.' The Shuowen also says: 'Trouble; it derives from 手 with 夒 as phonetic.' 夒 is fanqie n[u] + d[ao]. In the sūtra it is written as 擾, which is wrong.)

30.6

憺怕 (The upper character is fanqie t[an] + l[an]. Gu Yewang says: '憺 means calm and tranquil.' Wang's commentary on the Chuci says: 'Peaceful.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 心 with 詹 as phonetic.' The lower character is fanqie p[u] + b[o]. The Kaosheng says: '怕 means mind peaceful and quiet.' The Guangya says: 'Quiet.' The Shuowen says: 'Free of active striving (wuwei); it derives from 心 with 白 as phonetic.')

30.7

垓佛土 (The upper character is fanqie g[ai] + [ai]. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '垓 is a number.' Xu Shuzhong's [Xu Shen's] commentary on the Huainanzi says: 'The nine gais are the nine heavens.' The Kaosheng says: 'A boundary or extremity; the eight gais are the eight extremities.' The Fengsu tong says: 'Ten thousands are a wan; ten wans are a yi; ten yis are a zhao; ten zhaos are a jing; ten jings are a gai; this refers to an extremely large number.' The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 土 with 亥 as phonetic.')

30.8

癡騃 (The upper character is fanqie ch[i] + zh[i]. The Picang says: '癡 means foolish.' The Shuowen says: 'Not wise; it derives from 疒 with 疑 as phonetic.' The lower character is fanqie y[ai] + ji[e]. The Kaosheng says: '騃 is the appearance of a person being foolish.' The Cang Jie pian says: 'Without knowledge.' It is also written as [(崖-山)*頁]. The Shuowen says: 'It derives from 馬 with 矣 as phonetic.')

30.9

𣢑笑 (Fanqie ch[i] + zh[i]. The Shuowen says: '𣢑 is the appearance of laughing and playing without restraint.' It is also written as [山/虫]. It derives from 欠 with 㞢 as phonetic; 㞢 is an ancient character for 之. In the sūtra it is written as [山/虫], which is also acceptable.)

30.10

Lower Fascicle

30.11

棚閣 (The upper character is fanqie b[ai] + m[eng]. The Guangya says: '棚 is also a pavilion (ge).' The Shuowen says: 'A 棚 is a wooden scaffold; it derives from 木 with 朋 as phonetic.' The lower character is fanqie g[ang] + [e]. The Cang Jie pian says: '閣 means a multi-storied pavilion.' The Guangya says: 'A 閣 is a food cabinet.' Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: 'A 閣 is made of boards for storing food.' Gu Yewang says: 'A multi-storied building with covered corridors; it derives from 門 with 各 as phonetic.' 𢇮 is fanqie j[i] + q[i]. A food cabinet is a 𢇮閣.)

30.12

闌楯 (The upper character is fanqie l[an] + d[an]. The lower character is fanqie ch[un] + r[un]. Gu Yewang says: '闌楯 refers to the balustrades upon a hall.' The Shuowen says: '闌 derives from 門 with 柬 as phonetic.' In the sūtra it derives from 木, written as 欄, which is the same. 楯 also derives from 木 with 盾 as phonetic. 盾 is fanqie ch[un] + zh[un].)

30.13

苑囿 (Fanqie yu[an] + yu[an]. The Cang Jie pian says: 'Enclosures for raising oxen and horses are called you; enclosures for raising birds and beasts are called yuan.' The Shuowen gives it with 艸 and 夗 as phonetic. In the sūtra it is written as 菀, which is also acceptable. The lower character is fanqie y[ou] + ji[u]. The Kaosheng says: 'An enclosure for keeping milu deer is called you.' Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli says: 'A you is like what is nowadays called a yuan.' The Shuowen says: 'A you is enclosed by a wall.' It also says: 'An enclosure for keeping beasts is called you; it derives from 囗 with 有 as phonetic.' 囗 is pronounced 韋.)

30.14

Dao shenzu wuji bianhua jing, Fascicle 1

30.15

Xuanying

30.16

漚和 (The upper character is fanqie [a] + h[ou]. Sanskrit.)

30.17

Fascicle 2

30.18

裓上 (The upper character is fanqie g[ang] + d[e]. The Kaosheng says: '裓 means the lapel of a robe.' It is also written as 襋, pronounced fanqie j[ing] + y[i]. Character dictionaries say: 'Also the lapel of a robe.' The Shuowen says: 'The collar of a garment; it derives from 衣 with 戒 as phonetic.')

30.19

Fascicle 3

30.20

若龕 (The lower character is fanqie k[an] + h[an]. The Kaosheng says: 'A 龕 is a niche hewn out of a mountain cliff.' The Shuowen says: 'The appearance of a dragon; it derives from 龍 with 今 as phonetic.' In the sūtra it derives from 合, written as 龕, which is an error.)

30.21

污泥 (The upper character is fanqie w[u] + g[u]. It means mud where water pools. In the sūtra it is written as 洿, which is an ancient form of the character 污.)

30.22

Fascicle 4

30.23

䃚嶽 (The upper character is fanqie chu[ang] + xu[e]. The lower character is pronounced 岳. Note: 䃚嶽 refers to mounds and uneven earthen terrain. In the sūtra it is written as 𡻬, which is incorrect.)

30.24

Dashu jinnaluo wang suowen jing, Fascicle 1

30.25

Compiled by Huilin

30.26

憕懵 (The upper character is fanqie d[eng] + j[ing]. The lower character is fanqie m[o] + b[eng]. The Kaosheng says: 'The spirit not clear.' Character dictionaries say: 'Confused and dazed.' In the sūtra it is sometimes written as 瞪矒, which is also acceptable; some write 慳慢, which is incorrect.)

30.27

財賄 (The upper character is fanqie z[ai] + z[ai]. The Kaosheng says: 'Money, grain, cloth, and silk are called 財.' Han Kangbo's commentary on the Book of Changes says: '財 is that by which livelihood is sustained.' The Guangya says: '財 means commodities.' The Wenzidian shuo says: 'It derives from 貝 with 才 as phonetic.' The lower character is fanqie hu[i] + w[ei]. The Erya says: '賄 also means property.' Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan says: 'Gifts sent as presents are called 賄.' The Wenzidian shuo says: 'Both characters derive from 貝 and are phono-semantic.')

30.28

叵我 (Fanqie p[u] + w[o]. Like the insolent, arrogant, and disrespectful demeanor of a drunkard. In the text of the sūtra it is written as 𡶅峨 or 頗峨, both of which are unorthodox, being vulgar expressions.)

30.29

堪耐 (The lower character is fanqie n[ai] + d[ai]. The Yupian says: '耐 means capable, enduring, bearing.' It derives from 寸 with 而 as phonetic.)

30.30

Fascicle the Second (No words requiring pronunciation or gloss)

30.31

Fascicle the Third

30.32

瓦礫 [Tiles and gravel] (The lower character is fanqie 靈 + 的 [lì]. The Shuowen jiezi says: '礫 means small stones; it has the radical 石 and the phonetic 樂.')

30.33

荊棘 [Thorns and brambles] (The upper character is fanqie 敬 + 英 [jīng]. The Kaosheng says: '荊 is the name of a tree.' Gu Yewang says: 'It is a tree of the Chu region, used as a staff for enforcing authority.' The Wenzi dianshuo says that it has the radical 艸 and the phonetic 㓝; 㓝 is pronounced like 刑 [xíng]. The lower character is fanqie 矜 + 億 [jí]. Guo's commentary on the Erya says: '棘 is a thorny tree with small leaves.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It resembles a jujube tree, grows in clumps, and is a thorny tree. It is composed of two 朿; 朿 is fanqie 雌 + 漬 [cì], and 漬 is fanqie 資 + 次 [zì].')

30.34

Fascicle the Fourth

30.35

酖醉 [Indulged in drunkenness] (The upper character is fanqie 荅 + 南 [dān]. The Kaosheng says: '酖 means craving alcohol without ceasing.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 酉 and the phonetic 冘; 冘 is pronounced 淫 [yín].' In the scripture it is written with the body radical as 耽; 耽 means to be addicted, which is also acceptable. These two characters 酖醉 are at the beginning of the fourth fascicle; however, in some editions copyists added them at the end of the third fascicle, beginning from seventeen and a half lines after 'At that time the Kinnara King Mahādruma requested the Buddha to accept offerings.')

30.36

慈鎧 [Armor of loving-kindness] (The lower character is fanqie 開 + 代 [kǎi]. The Wenzi jilüe says: 'Covering the body with metal and leather is called 鎧.' The Guangya says: '甲胄 [cuirass and helmet] are 鎧.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Armor; it has the radical 金 and the phonetic 豈.')

30.37

Dundubhisvararāja-paripṛcchā-sūtra (The Sūtra of the Questions of Dunzhentuoluo)

30.38

Xuanying

30.39

伅 (Fanqie 豚 + 損 [dǔn]; the character is also written 屯, fanqie 徒 + 門 [tún]. In translation, this means "spirit-human" [kinnara]; the king's name is "King Born According to Wish" [Kāmarūpin]).

30.40

虞樂 [Joy and amusement] (Now written as 娛, both pronounced with fanqie 疑 + 區 [yú]; 娛 also means amusement. The Guangya says: '虞 means peace.' The Baihu tong says: '虞 means joy, stating that all the people under heaven have joy.')

30.41

无請 [Without asking] (The latter character is fanqie 且 + 領 [qǐng]. The Guangya says: '請 means to inquire.' In the scripture it is written as 倩, which is a clerical error by the copyist).

30.42

僊僊 [Dancing lightly] (Fanqie 薜 + 延 [xiān]. The commentary on the Mao Classic of Poetry says: '僊僊 is the appearance of dancing while intoxicated.' In ancient script it was written as [仁-二+(昍/一/令)], meaning long life; it is also written as 仚, meaning dwelling in the mountains and departing far away).

30.43

衣裓 [Fold of a garment] (Fanqie 𡶩 + 得 [gé]. Gu Yewang says: 'It means the lapel of a garment.' In the scripture it is written as 𮖀, which is incorrect).

30.44

𱬽其 [Interspersed therewith] (This character has long been a customary error; it ought to be the two characters 分布 [distributed], meaning interspersed and laid out with yellow gold in between).

30.45

自[呼-丁+ㄎ] [Gasping oneself] (Fanqie 虎 + 胡 [hū]. The Kaosheng says: 'To exhale; the sound of breath emerging from the throat. It has the radical 口 and the phonetic [受-(冗-几+又)+ㄎ]').

30.46

般遮旬 [Pañcavārṣika] (A Sanskrit term for a gathering of giving. In the Tang language, 般遮 [pañca] means five years, or some say five months).

30.47

Lower Fascicle

30.48

四竇 [Four channels] (Pronounced 豆 [dòu]. The Kaosheng says: 'A water channel; to open up; a hole.' In the scripture it is written as 𤅋, which is a vulgar character).

30.49

唵錍 [Oṃ-pī] (Fanqie 烏 + 荅 [ǎn], fanqie 普 + 迷 [pī]).

30.50

和鞮 [Heti] (The latter is fanqie 都 + 奚 [dī]).

30.51

蚑多 [Jita] (The former is fanqie 巨 + 儀 [qí]).

30.52

婆 [Bha] (Fanqie 菩 + 何 [pó]).

30.53

姐侈 [Jiechi] (The upper character is fanqie 子 + 野 [jiě]; the lower is fanqie 充 + 支 [chǐ]).

30.54

印駐 [Sealed and confirmed] (The upper character is fanqie 因 + 胤 [yìn]; the lower is fanqie 誅 + 屢 [zhù]. It means bestowing a prophecy. The Cangjie pian says: '印 means trust.' 駐 means to halt, referring to halting a horse).

30.55

Ratnamegha-sūtra (Precious Rain Sūtra) in Ten Fascicles

30.56

Sounds by Huilin

30.57

Fascicle the First

30.58

顯授 [Clearly conferred] (The lower character is fanqie 酬 + 右 [shòu]. In the scripture it is written as 𮃏, which is incorrect; it is a bogus character invented during the reign of Empress Wu Zetian).

30.59

如鍊 [Like refined metal] (Fanqie 蓮 + 鈿 [liàn]; sometimes written as 煉, meaning melted and refined. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'To smelt metal; it has the radical 金 and the phonetic 柬; 柬 has the same sound as above, formed from two 人.')

30.60

平坦 [Level and flat] (Fanqie 灘 + 旦 [tǎn]. Wang Bi's commentary on the Classic of Changes says: '坦 means without hazards or pits.' The Guangya says: '坦 means level.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 土 and the phonetic 旦.')

30.61

獷戾 [Fierce and intractable] (The upper character is fanqie 虢 + 猛 [guǎng]. As for 獷, it means unruly, bad, and impetuous. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 犬 and the phonetic 廣.' Impetuous [躁] has the sound 竈 [zào]. The lower character is fanqie 梨 + 帝 [lì]. The Guangya says: '戾 means resentful.' The posthumous name rules state: 'Not regretting former transgressions is called 戾; lacking compassionate love is called 戾.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Crooked; it depicts a dog issuing from beneath a hole, its body crooked and bent.' In the scripture it is written with the heart radical as 悷, which is a vulgar character).

30.62

懷孕 [Conceiving a child] (The lower character is fanqie 蠅 + 甑 [yùn]. The Kaosheng says: '孕 means carrying a fetus.' Zheng's commentary on the Book of Rites says: '孕 means pregnant with child.' The Guangya says: '懷 means 㑗 [pregnant].' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 子 and the phonetic 乃.' 㑗 is pronounced 身 [shēn]).

30.63

株杌 [Stumps and snags] (The upper character is fanqie 駐 + 廚 [zhū]. The Kaosheng says: 'The remaining stump of a felled tree.' The Hanshi waizhuan says: 'A sharp stump behind, a deep pit in front,' which is this. The lower character is fanqie 吾 + 骨 [wù]. The Kaosheng says: '杌 denotes short, protruding wood.' The Shuowen jiezi says: '株 means the root of a tree; it has the radical 木 and the phonetic 朱.' 杌 has the radical 木 and the phonetic 兀).

30.64

頑嚚 [Stubborn and deceitful] (The upper character is fanqie 瓦 + 關 [wán]. The Kaosheng says: '頑 means stupid.' The Zuo zhuan says: 'When the mind does not conform to the standards of virtue and righteousness, that is 頑.' The Guangya says: '頑 means obtuse.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 頁 and the phonetic 元.' The lower character is fanqie 魚 + 巾 [yín]. The Kaosheng says: '嚚 also means stubborn and stupid.' The Zuo zhuan says: 'When the mouth does not speak words of loyalty and good faith, that is 嚚.' The Book of Documents says: 'Shun's father was 頑, his mother was 嚚, and Xiang was arrogant,' which is this. The Cangjie pian says: 'It means evil; it is composed of 𰀦 with the phonetic 臣; 𰀦 is pronounced fanqie 側 + 立 [zhì]').

30.65

窣堵波 [Stūpa] (The upper character is fanqie 孫 + 訥 [sù]; the lower is fanqie 都 + 魯 [dǔ]. A Sanskrit term for a Buddhist pagoda).

30.66

Fascicle the Second

30.67

手搏 [Clapping or striking with the hands] (The lower character is fanqie 牓 + 莫 [bó]. Zheng's commentary on the Kaogong ji says: '搏 means to clap.' The Kaosheng says: '搏 means to clutch.' The Guangya says: 'It means to strike.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 手 and the phonetic 尃; 尃 is fanqie 摭 + 夫 [fū]').

30.68

醫者 [Physician] (The upper character is fanqie 倚 + 箕 [yī]. The Guangya says: '醫 means a shaman-healer.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'The skill of curing illness; 醫 means intention (意). When 醫 serves as a surname, it obtains alcohol and administers medicine; hence the character 醫 has the radical 酉, which is the ancient character for alcohol. The Rites of Zhou states that in antiquity the shaman Peng first practiced medicine, so writing it with the shaman radical 巫 is also acceptable.' The phonetic component 殹 is fanqie 伊 + 計 [yī]).

30.69

眼瞖 [Cataract of the eye] (Fanqie 伊 + 計 [yì]. The Kaosheng says: 'A film inside the eye.' It has the radical 目 and is a phono-semantic character).

30.70

倨傲 [Arrogant and haughty] (The upper character is fanqie 居 + 御 [jù]; the lower is fanqie 𢾕 + 告 [ào]. Both Zheng's commentary on the Book of Rites and Du's commentary on the Zuo zhuan state: '倨傲 means disrespectful.' The character dictionaries say: '傲 also means haughty.' The Book of Documents says: 'Haughty and unfriendly.' The Shuowen jiezi says: '倨 means insolent; both have the radical 人, with 居 and 𢾕 as their respective phonetics.' In the scripture it is written with the heart radical as 慠, which is not the original character).

30.71

伺求 [Watching and seeking] (The upper character is fanqie 司 + 寺 [sì]. Gu Yewang says: '伺 is like waiting for.' Zheng's commentary on the Rites of Zhou says: '伺 means to examine.' The Fangyan says: 'It means to look at.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 人 and the phonetic 司.')

30.72

炫燿 [Dazzling brightness] (The upper character is fanqie 玄 + 絹 [xuàn]. The Kaosheng says: '炫 means the brightness of fire.' The Shuowen jiezi says: '炫 means dazzling; it has the radical 火 and the phonetic 玄.' The lower character is fanqie 遙 + 照 [yào]. Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '燿 means bright.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'To shine; it has the radical 火 and the phonetic 翟.' In the scripture it is written as 曜, which is also acceptable).

30.73

怙恃 [Relying upon parents] (The upper character is fanqie 胡 + 古 [hù]. The Hanshi waizhuan says: 'Without a father, upon whom can one rely (怙)? Without a mother, upon whom can one depend (恃)?' The Shuowen jiezi says both have the radical 心, with 古 and 寺 as their respective phonetics).

30.74

串習 [Habituated and practiced] (The upper character is fanqie 關 + 患 [guàn]. The Erya says: '串 also means practiced.' The Shuowen jiezi considers it the character 慣 [accustomed], which is also written as 遦).

30.75

鑯標 [Sharp tip] (The upper character is fanqie 子 + 廉 [jiān]. The Guangya says: '鑯 means sharp.' Zheng's commentary on the Book of Rites says: 'To pierce.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 金 and the phonetic 韱.' In the scripture it is written as 尖, which is a vulgar character. 韱 is pronounced 韱 [xiān]).

30.76

如鑹 [Like a small spear] (The lower character is fanqie 倉 + 筭 [cuān]. The Yunlüe says: '鑹 is a small spear.' The Kaosheng says: 'A short pike; furthermore, in Nanyue it is called 敄.' The standard form is 𥎞).

30.77

憒𠆴 [Turmoil and clamor] (The upper character is fanqie 迴 + 罪 [kuì], already explained in the first fascicle of the Sūtra on Preaching the Dharma to His Mother in the Trāyastriṃśa Heaven. The lower character is fanqie 拏 + 効 [nào]. The Jixun says: 'A great crowd of people in turmoil.' The Kaosheng says: 'A name for human clamor.' The Gujin zhengzi says: 'Not quiet; it has the radical 人 and the phonetic 市, being an associative compound character.')

30.78

耽著 [Addicted and attached] (The upper character is fanqie 荅 + 南 [dān]. Kong's commentary on the Book of Documents says: 'Excessive pleasure is called 耽.' The Han Poetry says: 'An extreme degree.' Jia's commentary on the Guoyu says: '耽 means addicted.' It is also written as 媅 or 酖. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 耳 and the phonetic 冘; 冘 is pronounced 淫 [yín].' Writing it as 耽 is also acceptable).

30.79

羂縛 [Trapped and bound] (The upper character is fanqie 癸 + 兗 [juàn]. The Kaosheng says: 'Capturing creatures with a net or rope.' The Yunying says: 'To tie and take; a cord.' It is also written as 罥. The Wenzi dianshuo says that it has the radical 网 and the phonetic 絹).

30.80

犀角 [Rhinoceros horn] (The upper character is fanqie 洗 + 賚 [xī]. Guo's commentary on the Erya says: 'The rhinoceros resembles an ox with a pig's head, a large belly, short legs, black coloration, three horns, and a fond appetite for thorns.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 牛 with the tail abbreviated.' In the scripture it is written as 犀, which is a vulgar form).

30.81

Fascicle the Third

30.82

慶喜 [Joyful celebration / Ānanda] (The upper character is fanqie 唧 + 暎 [qìng]. The Han Poetry says: '慶 means good.' He's commentary on the Gongyang zhuan says: 'To congratulate.' The Mao Classic of Poetry says: 'Fine.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 心 and the radical 文; in ancient rites deer skins were used for felicitations, hence it contains 鹿').

30.83

聾瞽 [Deaf and blind] (The upper character is fanqie 鹿 + 紅 [lóng]. The Zuo zhuan says: 'When the ears cannot hear the harmony of the five sounds, that is 聾.' The Cangjie pian says: 'The ears not hearing.' The Shuowen jiezi also says: 'Hearing nothing; it has the radical 耳 and the phonetic 龍.' The lower character is fanqie 姑 + 午 [gǔ]. Zheng's commentary on the Rites of Zhou says: 'Having no eyes is called 瞽; the eyes are stretched tight like drumskin. Having pupils but unable to see is called 𥈃, or called 盲.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 目 and the phonetic 鼓').

30.84

瘂羊 [Mute sheep] (Fanqie 鵶 + 雅 [yǎ]. The Picang says: '瘂 means mute.' The Kaosheng says: '瘂 means unable to speak.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 疒 and the phonetic 亞.' In the scripture it is written as 啞, pronounced 厄 [è], which does not fit the sūtra's meaning).

30.85

一滴 [A single drop] (Fanqie 丁 + 瀝 [dī]. Gu Yewang says: 'It means dripping sequentially.' The Kaosheng says: 'Water falling.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'Water trickling and pouring; 欒 means leaking and flowing.' It is also written with the radical 㒀, or with the radical 水 and phonetic 啇; 啇 is pronounced 嫁 [jià]).

30.86

嬈亂 [Harassing and disturbing] (The upper character is fanqie 尿 + 鳥 [niǎo]. The Shuowen jiezi says: '嬈 means teasing and playing with; it has the radical 女 and the phonetic 堯.' It is also written as 嬲).

30.87

旋輪 [Rotating wheel] (The upper character is fanqie 隨 + 緣 [xuán]. He's commentary on the Gongyang zhuan says: '旋 means to revolve around.' Wang's commentary on the Chuci says: '旋 means turning around.' The Shuowen jiezi says: 'It has the radical 㫃 and the phonetic 疋; 㫃 is pronounced 匽 [yǎn], and 疋 is pronounced 雅 [yǎ]').

30.88

載育 [Bearing and nurturing] (Fanqie 宰 + 愛 [zǎi]; the lower character is fanqie 融 + 匊 [yù]).

30.89

蚊蜹 [Mosquitoes and gnats] (The upper character is fanqie 吻 + 分 [wén]; it is a vulgar character, standardly written 蟁. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'A flying insect that bites humans; it has the radical 虫 and the phonetic 文.' The lower character is fanqie 爇 + 銳 [ruì]; the vulgar form is 蚋, while standardly written 蜹. The Shuowen jiezi says: 'In Qin it was called 蜹; it has the radical 虫 and the phonetic 芮').

30.90

Fascicle Four

30.91

Firm and hard (堅𩋸: the second character has the fanqie [……-geng]; the Zuozhuan states that 𩋸 also means firm. The Gujin zhengzi states that it is written with 'stone' [石] as 硬; the Shuowen says it is formed from 'leather' [革] with 㪅 as phonetic. The sūtra writes it as 䩕, which is also interchangeably used).

30.92

Brilliantly resplendent (赫奕: the first character has the fanqie heng-ge; the Mao Commentary on the Classic of Poetry states that 赫赫 is the appearance of prominence and abundance; the Guangya states that it means bright; the Shuowen states that it is the appearance of great redness, formed from two 'red' [赤] characters; 奕 is pronounced as 亦).

30.93

Fascicle Five

30.94

Fearful and dreading (怯懼: the first character has the fanqie qian-jie; Du Lin's commentary on the Hanshu states that 怯 means full of fear; Gu Yewang states that 怯 means fearful and feeble; it is sometimes written as 㹤; the Gujin zhengzi states that it is formed from 'heart' [心] with 去 as phonetic).

30.95

Frightened and terrified (驚駭: the second character has the fanqie xing-ai; the Guangya states that 駭 means to startle up; the Cangjiepian states that 駭 means to be frightened; the Shuowen says it is formed from 'horse' [馬] with 亥 as phonetic; 騃 has the fanqie yai-jie).

30.96

Begging (乞匃: the second character has the fanqie ge-ai; the Cangjiepian states that 匃 means going about begging, to seek and ask for; the Shuowen states that it is formed from 'person' [人] and 'lost' [亾], meaning when a person has lost goods and wealth, they go about begging; for the sūtra to write it as 丐 is incorrect).

30.97

Fascicle Six

30.98

Swift current (駛流: the first character has the fanqie shi-li; the Yunying states that 駛 means swift and rapid; the Cangjiepian states that it means rapid; the Gujin zhengzi states that it is formed from 'horse' [馬] with 史 as phonetic).

30.99

Blind darkness (盲冥: the first character has the fanqie mo-[……]; the Shuowen states that a blind person has eyes without pupils, formed from 'eye' [目] with 亾 as phonetic; it is sometimes written as [(└@乂)/明]; the sūtra writes it as 盲, which is a vulgar character).

30.100

Hoarse and cracked [voice] (𤺊嗄: the first character has the fanqie xi-lai; Guo's commentary on the Fangyan states that 𤺊 is an ailment of the throat; in Eastern Qi it is said that when the voice scatters it is called 嘶, while in Qin and Jin when the voice changes it is called 𤺊; when an implement is broken yet not separated and its sound [is harsh], it is also called 𤺊; Gu Yewang states that it is a sorrowful sound; the Shuowen says it is formed from 'sickness' [疒] with 斯 as phonetic; it is sometimes written as 𧬊 or 嘶; the sūtra writes it as 㽄, which is a vulgar character; the second character has the fanqie sha-zha; the Kaosheng states that it means the voice is broken; the Wenzi jilüe states that both mean the voice is ruined).

30.101

Dull faculties (根鈍: the second character has the fanqie tu-dun; the Cangjiepian states that 鈍 means stubborn and dense; Ru Chun's commentary on the Shiji states that stubborn and dense is like lacking integrity and being foolish; the Huainanzi states that it means understanding and perception are dark and turbid; the Shenglei states that it means blunt and sharp-less; the Shuowen states that it is formed from 'metal' [金] with 屯 as phonetic; 屯 has the fanqie tu-dun).

30.102

Fascicle Seven

30.103

Flattering and fawning (諛讇: the first character has the fanqie yu-zhu; the Zhuangzi states that speaking without selecting right from wrong is called 諛; the Cangjiepian states that 諛 means flatteringly fawning; the Shuowen states that it is formed from 'speech' [言] with 臾 as phonetic; the second character has the fanqie chi-lian; He Xiu's commentary on the Gongyang zhuan states that 諂 is like fawning; Zheng's commentary on the Liji states that 諂 means bowing down one's body to humble oneself; the Zhuangzi states that following another's wishes in speaking is 諂; the Shuowen states that 諂 means to flatter, formed from 'speech' [言] with 臽 as phonetic).

30.104

Vārāṇasī (婆羅痆斯: the character [痆] has the fanqie [nie]-xia; a Sanskrit word, the name of a kingdom in the Western Regions).

30.105

Ignorant and foolish (愚憃: the second character has the fanqie zhuo-jiang; Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli states that 憃 means foolish, one born foolish and silly, like an ignorant commoner; the Shuowen states that it means foolish; it is also written as 戇; 戇㤶 is the appearance of a mind not being lucid; it is formed from 'heart' [心] with 舂 as phonetic; 舂 has the fanqie shu-zhong; 㤶 has the fanqie miao-jiang).

30.106

Polishing and wiping (瑩拭: the first character has the fanqie niao-jiong; the Kaosheng states that 瑩 means bringing forth the luster of an implement or object; the Guangya states that it means to polish, referring to polishing gems and jade to make them radiant; the Shuowen states that it is formed from 'jade' [玉] with 熒 as phonetic).

30.107

Ruin and destruction (沮壞: the first character has the fanqie qing-yu; the Mao Commentary on the Classic of Poetry states that 沮 also means to be ruined; the Shuowen states that it is formed from 'water' [水] with 自 as phonetic; the sūtra writes it as 爼; 爼 and 豆 are ritual vessels, not the meaning here in the sūtra).

30.108

King's ministers (王臣: the sūtra writes it as 𢘑, which is a falsely fabricated character for 臣).

30.109

Sinews and vessels (筋脈: the first character has the fanqie jin-yin; the Zhouli states that the physician uses acrid tastes to nourish the sinews; the Liji states that the elderly do not use physical strength as ritual, this is it; the Shuowen states that it is the strength of flesh, formed from 'flesh' [肉] and 'bamboo' [竹], bamboo being an object with many sinewy fibers, and formed from 'strength' [力],力 depicting sinews; the second character has the fanqie ma-bo; the Zhouli states that salty tastes are used to nourish the vessels; the Shuowen states that the branching channels of blood circulating within the body are called vessels [脈], formed from 'flesh' [肉] with 𠂢 as phonetic; it is sometimes written as 衇 or as [仁-二+洫], both being standard forms; 𠂢 has the fanqie pu-mai).

30.110

Fascicle Eight

30.111

Sewing and stitching (縫綴: the first character has the fanqie fu-meng; Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli states that the seamstresses cut and sew the robes of the king and queen; Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan states that 縫 means to patch and join together; the Shuowen states that it means to stitch clothes with a needle, formed from 'silk' [糸] with 逢 as phonetic; 紩 is pronounced zhi; the second character has the fanqie zhui-rui; the Liji states that when clothes rip and tear, one takes needles and thread to request stitching them; the Wenzi dianshuo states that 綴 means to join together, formed from 'silk' [系] with 叕 as phonetic; 叕 has the fanqie zhuan-lie; 紉 has the fanqie ren-zhen; 綻 has the fanqie wen-xian).

30.112

Niche chamber (𪚕室: the first character has the fanqie kan-han; it was already explained in Fascicle Three of the Dao shenzu jing; for the sūtra to write it with 合 as 龕 is incorrect).

30.113

Agitated movement (躁動: the first character has the fanqie zao-ao; the Kaosheng states that 躁 means hasty temperament; Gu Yewang states that it means restless motion; Jia's commentary on the Guoyu states that 躁 means commotion; Zheng's commentary on the Analects states that it means not being calm and quiet; the Shuowen writes it as [這-言+喿], formed from 'to run' [走] with 喿 as phonetic; the character 躁 in the sūtra text has long been used in popular practice).

30.114

Stalks and chaff (穰䴬: the first character has the fanqie rang-zhang; the Kaosheng states that 穰 is the remnant of the ears of grain and millet; the Shuowen also states that it is the stalks of broomcorn millet, formed from 'grain' [禾] with 襄 as phonetic; 䅀 has the fanqie liang-ji; the second character has the fanqie ying-ji; the Kaosheng states that [麩-夫+戈] is wheat chaff; the Wenzi jilüe states that [麩-夫+戈] is wheat bran; the Wenzi dianshuo states that it is formed from 'wheat' [麥] with 弋 as phonetic; 弋 is pronounced yi).

30.115

Greedy and gluttonous (貪婪: the second character has the fanqie luo-han; the Songs of Chu states that coveting wealth is called 貪, and coveting food is called 婪; the Kaosheng states that 婪 means voracious and lacking restraint; it is also written as 惏; the Wenzi dianshuo states that it is formed from 'woman' [女] with 林 as phonetic).

30.116

Fascicle Nine (no words requiring phonetic glosses)

30.117

Fascicle Ten

30.118

Solitary and alone (惸獨: the first character has the fanqie kui-ying; Kong's commentary on the Shangshu states that 惸 means single, referring to having no brothers; it is sometimes written as 煢; the Wenzi dianshuo states that it properly combines 𠔃 with 子, and the other forms are corruptions).

30.119

Bao yun jing (Sūtra of the Precious Cloud), Fascicle One

30.120

Xuanying

30.121

Crown fontanelle (頂囟: the ancient script has the two forms 䏤 and 𦞤, both with the two fanqie readings xian-jin and xian-zi; the Shuowen states that it is the cranial cavity where the skull bones meet).

30.122

Omasum [or multi-layered tripe] (百葉: with the fanqie shi-she; it is the stomach of cattle; the sūtra writes it as [月*葉], with the fanqie zhi-zhe; the Shuowen states that this means thinly sliced meat; [月*葉] is not the intended meaning here).

30.123

Fascicle Two

30.124

Aspirations fulfilled (志逞: with the fanqie chou-jing; 逞 means to reach the utmost, to be pleased, and also rapid; the Shuowen states that 逞 means to get through; the Fangyan states that east of the mountains, between the Jiang, Huai, Chen, and Chu regions, being pleased is called 逞).

30.125

Fascicle Three

30.126

Shark (鮫魚: now written as 蛟, both with the fanqie gu-mao; the Shuowen states that it is a sea fish; the Shanhaijing states that the Zhang River has many sharks; Guo Pu said that it belongs to the 𩻶 family, having tough, branch-like skin, a tail three to four feet long with a venomous stinger at the end that stings people, and its skin can be used to decorate knives and swords).

30.127

Fascicle Six

30.128

Calculate and select (算擇: with the fanqie sang-guan; it means to sort and choose; the Sancang states that 算 means to select).

30.129

Straw stalks (穰草: with the fanqie er-yang; the Shuowen states that it is the stalk of millet used to ward off ghosts; in the sūtra text it is written with 'grass' as 蘘, but [蘘-(口*口)]荷 [ginger lily] is not used in this sense; 䅀 has the fanqie liang-ji).

30.130

Fo shuo aveivartika-cakra-sūtra, Upper Fascicle

30.131

Xuanying

30.132

Screened partition (㰍疏: with the fanqie li-gong; the Guangya states that a chamber partition is a house; the Shuowen states that a chamber partition is called 疏; 疏 also means window).

30.133

Middle Fascicle

30.134

Hesitant (吶其: also written as 訥, with the fanqie nu-gu; 訥 means slow and dull; the Shuowen states that 訥 means difficulty in speaking).

30.135

Bruises from trembling [fear] (戰痏: the second character has the sound you; the Cangjiepian states that 疻痏 means wounds from beatings; Huilin respectfully notes that according to the sūtra's meaning, Pāpīyān [Māra] was sorrowful and haggard, his skin turning black just as if a person had suffered internal injuries from a beating, such was his condition; Xuanying's remark is mistaken, and furthermore writing it as 顫𩑌 departs from the sūtra's meaning; 疻 is pronounced zhi).

30.136

Lower Fascicle

30.137

Roasting and boiling (𤑏煑: the ancient script has the two forms 憊 and [黍*(憊-(仁-二))], also written as 僰, all with the fanqie fu-bi; the Fangyan states that 㷶 means to dry by fire; the Shuowen states that drying meat over fire is called 㷶; the sūtra text writes it as 烳, with the fanqie bu-gu, meaning the course of fire, which is not the intended meaning).

30.138

Avaivartikacakra-sūtra, Fascicle One

30.139

Compiled by Huilin

30.140

Coughing and clearing the throat (謦欬: the first character has the fanqie qing-ting; the Cangjiepian states that 謦 is a sound; the Shuowen states that 謦 also means to clear the throat, formed from 'speech' [言] with 殸 as phonetic; 殸 has the fanqie kou-jing; the sūtra writes it as 磬, which is incorrect; the second character has the fanqie kai-ai; Gu Yewang states that 欬 also means to cough; the Shuowen states that it is an adverse ascent of qi, formed from 'yawn' [欠] with 亥 as phonetic).

30.141

Agate / Cornelian (碼碯: the first character is pronounced like 馬, the second like 惱; the Kaosheng states that it resembles jade with black patterns, and is also called jade; the Gujin zhengzi states that agate is a stone second to jade; both are formed from 'stone' [石] with 馬 and [甾-十+乂] as phonetic, pronounced as above; for the sūtra to write 馬 alone is incorrect).

30.142

Blemish and defilement (瑕穢: the first character has the fanqie xia-jia; the Guangya states that 瑕 also means defilement; the Shuowen states that it is a red color in jade, formed from 'jade' [玉] with 叚, 叚 also being the phonetic).

30.143

Indolence and laxity (懈怠: the first character has the fanqie jie-mai, the second has the fanqie tu-gai; the Guangya states that 懈 means lazy; Zheng's commentary on the Zhouli states that 怠 means lax and negligent; the Shuowen states that 懈 also means lax; both characters are formed from 'heart' [心], with 解 and 台 as phonetics).

30.144

Fascicle Two (no words requiring phonetic glosses)

30.145

Fascicle Three

30.146

Contorted and bent (癵曲: with the fanqie lüe-yuan; the Shenglei states that 癵 is an illness; Gu Yewang states that it refers to an illness in which the body is contracted and bent; the Gujin zhengzi states that it is formed from 'sickness' [疒] with 臠 as phonetic; the Kaosheng writes it standardly as 癵; the sūtra text writes it with 'hand' as 攣; 攣 relates to the Analects' usage of binding criminals, which is not the sūtra's meaning; 疒 has the fanqie nü-e; 臠 has the fanqie lüe-gun).

30.147

Frightened and terrified (驚駭: the second character has the fanqie xing-ai; already explained above in Fascicle Five of the Baoyu jing).

30.148

Fascicle Four

30.149

Perilous and fragile (危脆: the second character has the fanqie quan-rui; the Kaosheng states that 脆 means brief; Gu Yewang states that 脆 is like soft; the Guangya states that 脆弱 means weak; the Shuowen states that 脆 means meat that breaks easily, formed from 'flesh' [肉] with the abbreviation of 絕 as phonetic).

30.150

細緻 (xì zhì: [緻 is] chí-zhì fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'Zhì means fine and dense silk fabric.' Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: 'Zhì also means dense.' In the Gujin zhengzi, it is derived from 糸 (silk) with 致 as phonetic).

30.151

饕餮 (tāo tiè: the upper has the sound tāo; the lower has the sound tiè. Du's commentary on the Zuozhuan says: 'Coveting wealth is tāo; coveting food is tiè.' In the Gujin zhengzi, both are derived from 食 (food), with 號 and 餮 [its upper component] respectively as phonetics).

30.152

胞胎 (bāo tāi: the upper is bǎo-máo fanqie. Kong's commentary on the Shangshu says: 'Enveloping.' Sima Biao's commentary on the Zhuangzi says: 'Bāo is the child's garment inside the belly; the garment that wraps the child at birth.' The lower is tā-lái fanqie. The Guangya says: 'At three months it is tāi.' Gu Yewang says: 'Unborn in the belly, it is tāi.' The Shuowen says: 'A woman's pregnancy at three months.' It is derived from 肉 (flesh) with 台 as phonetic).

30.153

法蠃 (fǎ luó: [蠃 is] lǔ-gē fanqie. The Wenzi dian shuo says: 'A kind of snail.' The Shuowen says it is derived from 虫 (insect) with 𣎆 as phonetic. The sūtra writing it as 𧋠 is incorrect. 𣎆 has the sound lì-wò fanqie).

30.154

嬰兒 (yīng ér: the upper is yì-yíng fanqie. The Cangjie pian says: 'A female child is called yīng; a male child is called ér.' The Shiming says: 'A newborn is called yīng'ér; before the breast is called yīng, meaning held close to the front of the breast to be nursed.' Zheng's commentary on the Liji says: 'Yīng means an infant (yī'ér).' The Shuowen says it is derived from 女 (woman) with 賏 as phonetic. The sound of 賏 is the same as above; the sound of 嫛 is yī-xī fanqie).

30.155

芬馥 (fēn fù: the upper is fāng-wén fanqie; the lower is féng-mù fanqie. The Han poem [commentary] says: 'Fù means fragrant.' The Kaogongji says: 'The appearance of fragrant scent.' In the Gujin zhengzi, it is derived from 香 (fragrance) with 复 as phonetic. The sound of 复 is fú).

30.156

Sūtra on the Vast, Adorned, Pure, and Irreversible Wheel of the Dharma, in four fascicles.

30.157

Fascicle One, Fascicle Two, Fascicle Three (none previously glossed for sounds).

30.158

Fascicle Four.

30.159

Xuanying.

30.160

蹎蹶 (diān jué: the upper is dīng-xián fanqie; the lower is jū-yuè fanqie. Also written in the two forms 𠑘 and [起-巳+頁]. Diānjué is like tumbling down suddenly. The sound of 仆 (to fall) is pú-běi fanqie).

30.161

Sūtra on the Seal of Not Necessarily Entering Certainty.

30.162

Xuanying.

30.163

採揀 (cǎi jiǎn: [揀 is] also written as [柬*ㄆ] or as 練; all are lì-jiàn fanqie. The Picang says: 'Jiǎn means to select.' In the Liji: 'Select (jiǎn) outstanding talents' is an example. The text of the preface has it as 挾 (hú-jié fanqie); 挾持 (to hold fast) is not the sense used here).

30.164

寶窴 (bǎo tián: the ancient character 窴 is written as 填 nowadays; both are tú-xiàn fanqie or tú-jiān fanqie. The Guangya says: 'Tián means to block; to fill up.').

30.165

葋多 (qú duō: [葋 is] qí-jū fanqie. According to the character in the Erya: 'Qú is also called dīngyíng.' The sound of 艼 is tā-dǐng fanqie).

30.166

拔身 (bá shēn: [拔 is] pú-mò fanqie. Meaning to turn back; namely, swiftly turning one's body back. The ancient character is used interchangeably).

30.167

Sūtra on the Seal of Entering Certainty and Uncertainty (Sounds for the Preface).

30.168

Compiled by Huilin.

30.169

祕賾 (mì zé: [祕 is] bī-mèi fanqie. The Zishu says: 'Mì means secret.' Zheng's commentary on the Mao poems says: 'Mì means divine.' The Shuowen says it is derived from 示 with 必 as phonetic. The sūtra text deriving it from 禾 as 秘 is an error. The lower is shì-zé fanqie. Liu Huan's commentary on the Zhouyi says: 'Zé is the designation for the utmost of the profound and deep.' The Shuowen says it is derived from 𦣞 with 責 as phonetic. The sound of 𦣞 is yí).

30.170

瓊編 (qióng biān: [瓊 is] kuí-yíng fanqie. The Mao poem commentary says: 'Qióng is the finest of jades.' The Shuowen says: 'Red jade.' It is derived from 玉 (jade) with 敻 as phonetic. The sound of 敻 is xiū-jiǒng fanqie. The lower is bì-mián fanqie. The Cangjie pian says: 'Biān means to plait.' The Shenglei says: 'To arrange items in order using cords.' The Shuowen says it is derived from 糸 (silk) with 扁 as phonetic. The sound of 扁 is biǎn).

30.171

牢籠 (láo lóng: [牢 is] lǎo-dāo fanqie. The Fangyan says: 'Láo means an enclosure.' The Shuowen says: 'An enclosure; an enclosure for raising livestock.' Correctly derived from 牛 (ox) with an abbreviated 舟 (boat); the meaning of 舟 takes the sense of encompassing on all four sides. Or derived from [白-日+(冉-土+(一/(人*人)))], which is the ancient character 終. The lower is lù-hóng fanqie. The Kaosheng says: 'Lóng is a bamboo receptacle.' In the Zhuangzi: 'A dove inside a cage (lóng)' is an example. In the Gujin zhengzi, it is derived from 竹 (bamboo) with 龍 as phonetic).

30.172

祕躅 (mì zhú: the lower is zhòng-lù fanqie. The Hanshu yinyi says: 'Zhú means footprints.' The Shuowen says it is derived from 足 (foot) with 蜀 as phonetic).

30.173

道轔 (dào lín: [轔 is] lì-zhèn fanqie. The Hanshu says: 'Lín means to run over (lì).' Examining it, lín means ruts; traces. Also written as 疄, or as 蹸, or as 躪. In the Gujin zhengzi, it is derived from 車 (cart) with 粦 as phonetic. The sūtra text writing it as 𨏼 is an error).

30.174

The Preface Ends; Following Sūtra Text.

30.175

卵㲉 (luǎn qiào: the lower is kōng-jiǎo fanqie. The Zishu says: 'The shell enclosing an egg.' The Guiyuan zhucong says: 'The outer skin of a bird's egg.' The Wenzi dian shuo says it is derived from 卵 (egg) with 㲉 as phonetic).

30.176

嗢鉢 (wà bō: the upper is wēn-gǔ fanqie. Sanskrit; the name of a flower of the Western Regions [utpala]).

30.177

挑出 (tiǎo chū: the upper is tǐ-diāo fanqie. The Shenglei says: 'Tiǎo means to raise up.' The Shuowen says: 'Jué means to pry out an object.' Derived from 手 (hand) with 兆 as phonetic. 兆 is written from 八 as 兆; the sūtra writing it as 兆 is a vulgar character).

Linked texts (1)

一切經音義 — 慧琳, Classical Chinese