The Great Epic of the Bhārata dynasty 6.42
Bhāratabhāvadīpa 6.42
- Language
- Sanskrit
6.42.1
asyāmaṣṭādaśādhyāyyāṃ prathame upoddhātitānāṃ dvitīye sūtritānāṃ śeṣairvyutpāditānāmarthānāṃ kārtsnyenopasaṃhārārtho'yamantimo'dhyāya ārabhyate | tatra pūrvādhyāyānte'śraddhayā kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ vyarthamityuktam | tatra phalāvaśyambhāvaniścayaḥ śraddhā | sā ca phalavatāṃ karmaṇāmevāṅgaṃ na tu karmaviraharūpasya sannyāsasya bhāvarūpaphalavarjitasya | abhāvādbhāvotpatterayogāt | tasmācchraddhāsāpekṣakarmāpekṣayā śraddhānapekṣaḥ sannyāsaḥ śreyān | na cāsyaivaṃrūpasya śraddhātraividhyaprayuktaṃ sāttvikādibhedena traividhyaṃ sambhavati | yena phale tāratamyaṃ syāt | tatphalasya dṛṣṭavikṣepanivṛttirūpasya sarvatra tulyatvāt | sa ca sannyāso yadi karmatyāga eva tarhi siddhaṃ naḥ samīhitam | yadi tu tau bhinnau tarhi tayorvailakṣaṇyaṃ vicāryamityāśayenārjuna uvāca -- sannyāsasyeti | he mahābāho, he hṛṣīkeśa, he keśiniṣūdaneti bahukṛtvaḥ sambodhayan jijñāsite'rthetyādaraṃ darśayati | sannyāsasya tattvaṃ yāthātmyaṃ tyāgātpṛthagbhūtaṃ veditumicchāmi | tyāgasya yāthātmyaṃ sannyāsātpṛthagbhūtaṃ veditumicchāmīti cakāreṇānuvartyate ||
6.42.2
atrottaraṃ śrībhagavānuvāca -- kāmyānāmiti | kāmyānāṃ rāgataḥ prāptānāṃ putrakāmeṣṭyādīnām | nanu phalasya kāmanāviṣayatvāt sarvasya karmaṇaḥ phalavattvaniyamāt sarvaṃ karma kāmyameveti nityādīnāmapi mumukṣostyāgaḥ syāditi siddhaṃ naḥ samīhitamityāśaṅkyāha -- sarveti | sarveṣāṃ nityanaimittikakāmyānāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalatyāgameva tyāgaṃ vicakṣaṇāḥ prāhurna svarūpatastyāgaṃ prāhuḥ | ato na tvadiṣṭaḥ sannyāsaḥ siddhyatītyarthaḥ | ayamāśayaḥ -- yadyapi sannyāsatyāgaśabdau nivṛttimeva brūtaḥ tathāpi sā vairāgyādvā kāyakleśabhayādvā mauḍhyādvā bhavatīti tatkāraṇānāṃ sāttvikādibhedena bhinnatvāttasyā api sāttvikarājasatāmasabhedena traividhyaṃ trividhaśraddhāpradhānatvaṃ ca durvāram | na cāvirakto'śraddadhānaśca tyaktakarmāpi dṛṣṭavikṣepahīno dṛśyate | yathoktaṃ vārtikācāryaiḥ “pramādino bahiścittāḥ piśunāḥ kalahotsukāḥ | sannyāsino'pi dṛśyante daivasandūṣitāśayāḥ |” iti | tasmādaviraktakṛtasannyāsāpekṣayā niṣkāmakarmācaraṇameva śreya ityāśayena bhagavatā kāmyakarmatyāgaḥ sannyāsatvena nityādikarmaṇāṃ phalānabhisandhānaṃ ca tyāgatvena stūyata iti | tasmādaśraddhayā kṛtaḥ sannyāso'pyasanneveti sannyāsādbrahmaṇaḥ sthānamiti smṛtaṃ svaphalaṃ dātuṃ na samartha iti yuktamuktaṃ bhagavatā aśraddhayā kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ vyarthamiti | yattu nityānāmeva vividiṣāyogātkāmyānāṃ svarūpato'pi tyāgaḥ pūrvārdhasyārthaḥ | sarveṣāṃ karmaṇāṃ phalatastyāga ityuttarārdhārtha iti vyākhyānaṃ pakṣadvayapradarśanaparaṃ tadagrimeṇa ślokena paunaruktyamāvahatītyupekṣitam ||
6.42.3
idameva pakṣadvayamāha -- tyājyamiti | eke mukhyāḥ manīṣiṇo manonigrahasamarthāḥ paramātmani utpannavividiṣāṇāṃ puruṣāṇāṃ doṣavat rāgādayo yathā tyājyāstadvat karma tyājyamiti prāhuḥ | apare tu vividiṣārthinā yajñādikaṃ na tyājyamiti vā prāhurityanuvartate | tathā ca dvividhāḥ śrutaya upalabhyante “na karmaṇā na prajayā dhanena tyāgenaike amṛtatvamānaśuḥ”’ “kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṃ samāḥ” ityādyāḥ | avidvadviṣayamevaitatpakṣadvayam | viduṣāṃ tu karmasu pravṛttikāraṇasyājñānasya naṣṭatvātsvataḥsiddha eva tyāga iti na tānprati karmavidhirvā tattyāgavidhirvā pravartate | yathoktaṃ “na karmāṇi tyajedyogī karmabhistyajyate hyasau” iti ||
6.42.4
niścayamiti | tatra karmaṇāṃ tyāgāttyāgaviṣaye vipratipattau satyāṃ prathamopātte tyāge viṣaye me madvacanānniścayaṃ śrṛṇu | hi yasmāt he puruṣavyāghra ! tyāgaḥ trividhaḥ sāttvikarājasatāmasabhedena triprakāraḥ parikīrtitaḥ śāstre | dṛḍhavairāgyapūrvakaḥ karmasannyāsaḥ sāttvikaḥ | āyāsabhayāttattyāgo rājasaḥ | mauḍhyāttattyāgastāmasa iti | tasmādgahanatvāttyāgo niścayena vicāraṇīya ityarthaḥ ||
6.42.5
sūcīkaṭāhanyāyena tyāgasvarūpakathanātprāk paramatamatyāgapakṣam upanyasyati -- yajñeti | yajñādikaṃ karma na tyājyaṃ kintu kāryameva viṣṭigṛhīteneva puṃsā avaśyamanuṣṭheyameva tat | akaraṇe pratyavāyaśravaṇāt | cakāro hetvarthaḥ | yasmādyajño dānaṃ tapaścaiva manīṣiṇāṃ niṣkāmānāṃ dambhādirahitānāṃ pāvanāni cittaśodhakāni | tathā ca śrutiḥ “trayo dharmaskandhā yajño'dhyayanaṃ dānamiti | prathamastapa eva dvitīyo brahmacaryācāryakulavāsī | tṛtīyaḥ sarva ete puṇyalokā bhavanti |” iti yajñādīnāṃ gṛhasthadharmāṇāṃ tapaso vanasthadharmasyācāryakulavāsasya brahmacāridharmasya ca pāvanatvaṃ darśayati | atrāpi yajñadānaśabdena gṛhasthadharmā jñeyāḥ, tapa iti vānaprasthadharmāḥ, pariśeṣātkarmeti brahmacāridharmāśca jñeyāḥ ||
6.42.6
evamatyāgapakṣamuktvā autsukyātprathamaṃ svābhimataṃ tyāgātyāgasamuccayapakṣaṃ darśayati -- etānīti | tuśabdaḥ pūrvopanyastātpakṣādvailakṣaṇyaṃ darśayati | apiśabda evaśabdārthaḥ | etānyeva karmāṇi yajñadānatapāṃsi saṅṅgaṃ tyaktvā ahameteṣāṃ kartā mayāvaśyametāni kartavyānītyabhimānaṃ vayovarṇādyadhyāsanimittaṃ tyaktvā etaiḥ kṛtairahaṃ svargaṃ vā cittaśuddhiṃ vā jñānaṃ vā prāpsyāmīti phalāni ca tyaktvā, cakārādeṣāmakaraṇe mama pratyavāyo bhaviṣyatītyetamapyabhisandhiṃ tyaktvā brahmaniṣṭhenevāsaṅgasvabhāvena puruṣeṇa kartavyānīti evaṃ prakāraṃ me mama matam uttamaṃ pūrvamatācchreṣṭham | tatra hi kartṛtvābhimānarūpeṇa saṅgena pratyavāyotpādabhayācca karmānuṣṭhānaṃ vihitam | atra tu tadabhāvādasaṅgatvādyaṃśena karmaṇāṃ tyāgaḥ svarūpeṇātyāga iti bhedaḥ ||
6.42.7
prāk pratijñātaṃ tyāgatraividhyamāha -- niyatasyeti | tuśabdaḥ pūrvoktapakṣadvayavailakṣaṇyārthaḥ | yasmādadhikṛtasya mumukṣorniyatasyāvaśyānuṣṭheyasya karmaṇaḥ sannyāsaḥ svarūpeṇa tyāgo nopapadyate na yujyate | ajñasya śuddhyapekṣatvāt | evaṃ sati yo mohādajñānāttasya niyatasya karmaṇaḥ parityāgaḥ sa tāmasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ | āvaśyakaṃ ca tyajyate ceti vipratiṣedhāt ||
6.42.8
evaṃ tāmasaṃ tyāgamuktvā rājasaṃ tyāgamāha -- duḥkhamiti | yaḥ duḥkharūpamevedaṃ karmeti matvā kāyakleśabhayāt tyajet sa pumān tasmādeva hetoḥ rājasaṃ rajoguṇanirvṛttaṃ tyāgaṃ kṛtvā tyāgaphalaṃ cittaśuddhidvārā mokṣaṃ naiva labhet labheta ||
6.42.9
evaṃ dvābhyāṃ ślokābhyāṃ tāmasarājasau mukhyāveva tyāgāvuktau | tāmasarājasayoramukhyatyāgayorasambhavasya bhagavataiva mohāttasya parityāga iti kāyakleśabhayādyattyajediti ca sūcanāt | na hyevaṃ sambhavati | mūḍhaśca karoti ceti vipratiṣedhāt | yadi karoti naiva mūḍhaḥ, yadi mūḍhastarhi naiva karoti | evaṃ yadi kāyakleśādbibheti naiva karoti, yadi karoti naiva kāyakleśādbibheti, tasmātkaroti ca kāyakleśādbibheti ceti vipratiṣiddham | atastāmasarājasayoramukhyatyāgayorasambhavāttau naivoktau | sāttvikastvamukhyatyāgaḥ sambhavati | yathā sphaṭike japākusumāśrite lauhityaṃ vivekināṃ pratītita evāsti na vastuta evamātmani īśvarādhīne vivekināṃ kartṛtvaṃ pratītita evāsti na vastuta iti vaktuṃ śakyam | evaṃ ca kartṛtvābhiniveśaśūnyaḥ pumān pratītitaḥ karotyeva na vastuta iti sambhavatyamukhyo'pi sāttvikastyāga iti tameva mukhyatyāge'dhikārahetuṃ prathamamāha -- kāryamiti | kāryaṃ kartavyamityeva yatkarma niyataṃ nityaṃ kriyate he arjuna! saṅgaṃ phalaṃ ca tyaktvaivetyavadhāraṇaṃ prāguktasyātyāgapakṣasya vyāvṛttyartham | sa evambhūtastyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ, vede dṛṣṭaḥ | tathā ca śrutiḥ “īśāvāsyamidaṃ sarvaṃ yatkiñca jagatyāṃ jagat | tena tyaktena bhuñjīthā mā gṛdhaḥ kasyasviddhanam” iti | īśā īśena parameśvareṇa sarvakāryakaraṇakartrātmapravartakena idaṃ jagatsthāvarajaṅgamaṃ jagatyāṃ brahmāṇḍe sthitaṃ vāsyamācchāditaṃ vyāptam | yena hetunā sarvaṃ tadadhīnaṃ tena kāraṇena tyaktena tyāgena kartṛtvabhoktṛtvābhimānavarjanena bhuñjīthāḥ viṣayānbhuṅkṣva | mā gṛdhaḥ gardhaṃ mā kārṣīḥ | kasyasviddhanaṃ na kasyāpi tatra svāmitvamastīti vṛthaiva tatra gardha ityarthaḥ | evaṃ karmāṇyapi yajñādīni kartṛtvābhimānaṃ tyaktvā kurvatastava karmalepo na bhaviṣyati | etadvyatirekeṇa tava upāyāntaraṃ ca nāstītyagrimamantreṇa pradarśyate “kurvanneveha karmāṇi jijīviṣecchataṃ samāḥ | evaṃ tvayi nānyatheto'sti na karma lipyate nare” iti | idameva mukhyaṃ svamataṃ bhagavatā pradarśitam | etānyapi tu karmāṇīti śloke | nanu nityānāṃ phalameva nāsti kiṃ tyaktavyamiti cet | itaeva bhagavadvacanātteṣāmapi phalamastīti jānīhi | niṣphalasya vedenānuṣṭhāpanāsambhavāt | tathācāpastambaḥ “tadyathāmre phalārthaṃ nimite chāyāgandhāvanūtpadyete evaṃ dharmaṃ caryamāṇamarthā anūtpadyante” iti ānuṣaṅgikaṃ phalaṃ nityānāṃ darśayati | akaraṇe pratyavāyasmṛtyāpi teṣāṃ pratyavāyaparihāraḥ phalamiti pradarśyate |dharmeṇa pāpamapanudati ityādinā ca nityeṣvapi karmasu phalaṃ dṛśyate tadeva vaktavyamiti na ko'pi doṣaḥ ||
6.42.10
evaṃ mukhyaṃ sāttvikatyāgamuktvā'mukhyaṃ tamāha -- na dveṣṭīti | sattvena samyagāviṣṭo vyāptastyāgī mukhyaḥ sāttvikastyāgī sannyāsītyarthaḥ | akuśalamasukhapradaṃ karma triṣavaṇasnānacaturguṇaśaucabhikṣāṭanādiprayāsarūpaṃ,na dveṣṭi | kuśale miṣṭānnabhikṣādau nānuṣajjate na saṅgaṃ kākavatprītiṃ karoti | yadvā karmakuśale sevādikarmakuśale śiṣyādau na sajjate tatrākuśalaṃ vā taṃ na dveṣṭi | etena rāgadveṣaśūnyatvamasya darśitam | tadapi kuta ityapekṣāyāmāha -- medhāvīti | ūhāpohakuśalatayā nityānityavastuvivecanādau prajñāvān | ataeva chinnasaṃśayaḥ kiṃ karmāṇyeva muktisādhanāni uta sannyāsa eveti vicikitsārahitaḥ | evaṃ ca tyāgītyanena yajño dānaṃ tapaḥ karma na tyājyamityuktādatyāgādvyāvṛttiḥ | medhāvītyanena mohāttasya parityāga ityuktāttāmasatyāgādvyāvṛttiḥ | pūrvārdhena rāgadveṣābhāvapratipādanena kāyakleśabhayāttyajedityuktādrājasatyāgādvyāvṛttiḥ | chinnasaṃśaya ityanena kāryamityeva yatkarmetyuktādamukhyasāttvikatyāgādvyāvṛttiḥ | na hyasau karmaṇāṃ tucchatvaṃ sannyāsasya mahābhāgyatvaṃ ca tattvato veda | veda cetkṣaṇamapi karmasu na tiṣṭhet | nahi dāhopaśamārthī nikaṭasthaṃ jāhnavīmahāhradaṃ jānangrīṣmoṣmaprataptapāthasi palvale kṣaṇamapi rameta | saṃśayacchede'pi hetuḥ sattvasamāviṣṭa iti | yataḥ sattvenaiva kartrā samyagāviṣṭo yaṃ na tvayaṃ sattvamāśrita iti mahānviśeṣaḥ | evaṃ ca pūrvaślokoktasya sāttvikatyāgarūpasya karmayogasya phalabhūto'yaṃ mukhyaḥ sannyāso vividiṣūṇāmanuṣṭheyo “yadahareva virajettadahareva pravrajet”, “etameva pravrājino lokamicchantaḥ pravrajanti” iti śrutiprasiddhaḥ | bhāṣye tu “nanu karmaparityāgastrividhaḥ sannyāsa iti ca prakṛtastatra tāmaso rājasaścoktastyāgaḥ kathamiha saṅgaphalatyāgastṛtīyatvenocyate | yathā trayo brāhmaṇā āgatāstatra ṣaḍaṅgavidau dvau kṣatriyastṛtīya iti tadvat | naiṣa doṣaḥ | tyāgasāmānyena stutyarthatvāt | asti karmasannyāsasya phalābhisandhityāgasya ca tyāgatvaṃ sāmānyam, tatra rājasatāmasatvena karmatyāganindayā karmaphalābhisandhityāgaḥ sāttvikatvena stūyate sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mata iti granthena tyāgatraividhyaṃ samādhāyaivaṃ saṅgaphalatyāgapūrvakaṃ nityakarmānuṣṭhānena viśuddhāntaḥkaraṇasyātmajñānābhimukhasya tanniṣṭhākramakathanārtho'yaṃ śloka” ityuktam | tathaiva ślokaṃ vyākhyāya “pūrvoktasya karmayogasya prayojanamanena ślokenoktam” ityupasaṃhṛtam | anye tu phalābhisandhiviśiṣṭasya karmaṇastyāgastrividhaḥ | viśeṣaṇābhāvādviśeṣyābhāvādubhayābhāvācca | ādyo'traiva vidhitsitaḥ, dvitīyastu tāmasarājasabhedena dvividho'pyatraiva ninditaḥ | tṛtīyastu karmānadhikāriṇā vividiṣuṇā viduṣā ca kartuṃ yogyo dvividhaḥ | tatrāntyaḥ sthitaprajñalakṣaṇādau prāgvyākhyātaḥ | ādyastu naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ paramāmityatra vakṣyate | tatra bhāṣye tisrastyāgavidhāḥ pratijñāya dve yathāvatpradarśya tṛtīyāpi kenacitsāmānyena pratipāditā | atra tu ekasyāṃ dvayorantarbhāvaṃ kṛtvā dve eva vidhe upapādya tṛtīyā pradeśāntare prakṣipteti prakṛte pratijñāyā anirvāha iti viśeṣaḥ ||
6.42.11
amukhyameva sāttvikaṃ tyāgamanūdya tatprayojanamāha dvābhyām -- nahīti | dehabhṛtā dehābhimāninā hi yasmādaśeṣataḥ karmāṇi tyaktuṃ na śakyam aśakyam | prāṇayātrālopaprasaṅgāt | tasmādadhikṛtaḥ san yaḥ karmaphalatyāgaśīlaḥ | tuśabda evārthe | sa eva tyāgītyucyate | yastvaśeṣataḥ karmāṇi tyaktuṃ śaknoti paramārthadarśī sa mukhyastyāgītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.12
evambhūtasya tyāgasya phalamāha -- aniṣṭamiti | aniṣṭaṃ narakatiryagādirūpam, iṣṭaṃ devatādirūpam, miśraṃ mānuṣabhāva iti karmaṇaḥ karmajātīyasya phalaṃ trividhaṃ pretya maraṇānantaramatyāgināṃ pūrvoktamukhyasannyāsahīnānāṃ bhavati | mukhyasannyāsināṃ tu na kvacittadbhavati | teṣāṃ kartṛtvābhimānābhāvāt | anye tu gauṇasannyāsināmevāyaṃ karmālepa ityāhuḥ | tathā ca vyākhyātaṃ ‘kāryamityeva yatkarma’ ityatra | anyathā sannyāsināṃ gauṇasannyāsināṃ ca viśeṣo na syāt | na caivaṃ mukhyasannyāsināṃ gauṇasannyāsināṃ cāviśeṣāpattiriti vācyam | ubhayeṣāmuttarakarmāśleṣasāmye'pi pūrvakarmadāhādāhakṛtasya viśeṣasya sattvāt | gauṇasannyāsināṃ janmāntarādikamapi pūrvakarmabhireva bhaviṣyati āpastamboktāmranidarśanena yogabhraṣṭagativannāntarīyakaṃ vā na tu tasya pradhānaṃ phalaṃ svargādi bhavitumarhatyanuddiṣṭatvāditi ||
6.42.13
nanvātmanaḥ karmālepanimittaṃ yadakartṛtvānusandhānaṃ tatkiṃ yoṣidagnidṛṣṭyādivadāhāryamuta vāstavameva sadavidyādhyastakartṛtvenāvṛtamiti śāstradṛṣṭyā kartṛtvatirodhānenākartṛtvameva bhāvyata ityāśaṅkyāgnitvena dṛṣṭāyāṃ yoṣiti dagdhṛtvādarśaneneva kalpitenākartṛtvena vāstavasya karmālepasyāsambhavādādyaṃ nirasya dvitīyamupapādayiṣyan pīṭhikāmāracayati -- pañceti | he mahābāho ! sarvakarmaṇāṃ siddhaye imāni vakṣyamāṇāni pañca kāraṇāni nirvartakāni me madvacanānnibodha budhyasva | svavacane viśvāsotpādanārthaṃ kāraṇānāṃ samūlatvamāha sāṅkhye kṛtānte proktānīti | samyagvivicya khyāyante prakaṭīkriyante tattvānyātmānātmapadārtharūpāṇi yasmiṃstatsāṅkhyaṃ vedāntaśāstram | tadeva viśinaṣṭi | kṛtānte kṛtasya karmaṇo'ntaḥ parisamāptiryasmin | ‘sarvaṃ karmākhilaṃ pārtha jñāne parisamāpyate’ ityātmajñāne sati sarvakarmaṇāṃ samāptidarśanāt tasminsāṅkhye kṛtānte proktāni ||
6.42.14
tānyeva pañca gaṇayati -- adhiṣṭhānamiti | adhiṣṭhānamicchādveṣasukhaduḥkhajñānādīnāmabhivyakterāśrayo dehaḥ tasyānātmatvaṃ cārvākavyatiriktasamastavādisiddham | tathā kartā buddhiviśiṣṭaścidābhāsaḥ pramātā nāmāhampratyayaviṣayo'haṅkārastathetyanena tadvadevānātmatvena jñeya ityuktam | dehasyaiva sṛṣṭau pralaye ca tasyāpyutpattivināśayordarśanāt | etacca viśeṣaṇanāśādviśiṣṭanāśaṃ viśeṣaṇotpattyā ca viśiṣṭotpattimabhipretya śrūyate “vijñānaghana evaitebhyo bhūtebhyaḥ samutthāya tānyevānu vinaśyati” iti | “yathāgneḥ kṣudrā visphuliṅgā vyuccarantyevametasmādātmanaḥ sarva eta ātmāno vyuccaranti” iti ca | viśiṣṭasya cānatirekādarśanādanātmatvaṃ siddham | karaṇaṃ ca śabdādyupalabdhisādhanaṃ pṛthagvidhaṃ dvādaśavidhaṃ pañca karmendriyāṇi pañca jñānendriyāṇi mano buddhiśca | tathā vividhāśca pṛthak ceṣṭā vāyavīyāḥ prāṇanādirūpāḥ | daivaṃ puṇyapāparūpaṃ tattatkaraṇānugrāhakasūryādidevatārūpam pañcamaṃ pañcānāṃ pūraṇam ||
6.42.15
śarīreti | nyāyyaṃ dharmyaṃ śāstrīyam | viparītamanyāyyamadharmyamaśāstrīyam | nanu śarīrādibhistribhirārabhyate ‘pañcaite tasya hetava’ iti ca vipratiṣiddhamucyate | naiṣa doṣaḥ | atrāpi śarīrapadenādhiṣṭhānasya narapadena karturvāṅmana iti karaṇasyārabhata iti ceṣṭānāṃ nyāyyamiti dharmādharmarūpasya daivasya ca saṅgrahāt | sarveṣu karmasu pañcānāṃ samāne'pyupayoge vidhipratiṣedhalakṣaṇaṃ trividhameva karma śāstre prasiddhamiti | idaṃ śārīraṃ karmedaṃ mānasamidaṃ vācikamiti vyapadeśo dehādīnāṃ prādhānyāpekṣa iti na kaścidvirodhaḥ ||
6.42.16
etatpratipādanaphalaṃ kartṛtvasyāropitatvasiddhirakartṛtvasya svābhāvikatvasiddhiśceti dvābhyāṃ ślokābhyāṃ darśayati -- tatreti | tatra tasminkarmaṇi | evamuktarītyā pañcabhirnirvartye sati | kevalaṃ tvakartāramapyātmānaṃ cetanam “sākṣī cetā kevalo nirguṇaśca” iti śruteḥ adhiṣṭhānādipañcakapracāradarśinamudāsīnamapi yaḥ kartāraṃ kartṛtvāśrayaṃ paśyati sa durmatiḥ pāpābhibhūtamatirna paśyati | andha eva saḥ | adarśane hetuḥ akṛtabuddhitvāditi | śāstrācāryopadeśaśamadamādisaṃskṛtā buddhiryasya sa kṛtabuddhistadviparīto'kṛtabuddhistasya bhāvastattvaṃ tasmāt | yathā svamukhasyodapātrasaṃsargikatvaṃ paśyatā jalacāñcalyamapi tatrāropyata evamātmano buddhisaṃsṛṣṭatvaṃ paśyatā buddhidharmaḥ kartṛtvādirapyātmanyāropyata iti bhāvaḥ ||
6.42.17
dvitīyaṃ prayojanamāha -- yasyeti | yasya pramāturbhāvaḥ pratyayamātrasvarūpa ātmā nāhaṅkṛtaḥ ahamiva kṛtaḥ ahaṅkāratādātmyaṃ prāpito'haṅkṛtastathā na | yasya buddhirna lipyate ātmabhāvena rañjitā na bhavati | yasya buddhervyatiriktamātmānaṃ paśyato buddhidharmāḥ kartṛtvādayo nātmani pratīyanta iti kartrātmavāditārkikanirāsaḥ | yasya ca ātmadharmāścaitanyādayo buddhau na saṃsṛjyanta iti buddhimeva cetanāṃ vadato bauddhasya nirāsaḥ | cidacitoranyonyasminnanyonyadharmādhyāso bādhyata iti duḥkhādisaṃsarganiṣedhena bhoktṛtvābhāvo darśitaḥ | ‘hatvāpi sa imām̐llokānna hanti na nibadhyate’ iti tu stutimātram | kartṛtvasyaiva bādhena hantṛtvāyogāt, dagdhapaṭavatkartṛtvānuvṛttāvapi hananakriyāyāṃ pravartakasya rāgadveṣāderabhāvācca | etenātmanastāttvikamakartṛtvaṃ bhāvayatā kṛtaṃ karmātāttvikakartṛtvābhimānanimittaṃ svaphalaṃ prastotuṃ nārhatīti darśitam | nahi rajjusarpe rajjubuddhiṃ kṛtvā praharataḥ sarpakṣobhajaṃ daṃśanādiphalaṃ bhavati | sarpe tu tathā kurvatastadbhavatyeva tadvadidamapi jñeyam ||
6.42.18
samāptaḥ sāttvikatyāgopapādanopayogī ātmano'kartṛtvopapādanaprakāraḥ | atrāha sāṅkhyaḥ -- ‘yaduktaṃ pañcaite tasya hetava, iti, yaccoktaṃ ‘na hanti’ iti tanmṛṣyāmahe | na hyapariṇāmī cetanaḥ parispandātmakasya kāyikādibhedena trividhasya karmaṇaḥ kartā bhavatīti vaktuṃ yujyate | yattu na nibadhyata iti bhoktṛtvamuktamapi pratyākhyātaṃ tanna mṛṣyāmahe | na hi kulālādayaḥ svaprayuktā eva ghaṭādīnnirvartayanti kintu bhoktṛpuruṣaprayuktāḥ | anyathā bhoktṝṇāmabhāve vyarthaiva tatpravṛttirityāpatati | evaṃ pradhānamātrābhūtāḥ kartrādayaḥ puruṣasya bhogāpavargasādhanaprayuktāḥ, sarvāṇi karmāṇi nirvartayanti | tasmātpuruṣasya bhoktṛsvabhāvatvādakartṛtvānusandhānapūrvakamapi kṛtaṃ karma bhoktrā'vaśyameva bhoktavyamiti sāttvikatyāge'pi karmālepavacanamasaṅgatamiti | atra pratividhatte -- jñānaṃ jñeyamiti | jñānaṃ jñāyate prakāśyate vastutattvamaneneti pratyakṣādipramāṇajanyo ghaṭādiprakāśaḥ sa ca vartamāno'tīto vā | jñeyaṃ bodhaviṣayo ghaṭādiḥ | parijñātā viṣayī sābhāsadhīrūpo yo bhoktetyucyate | evaṃrūpaprakāratrayavatī trividhā karmaṇāṃ codanā | trayaṃ samuccitaṃ satkarmaṇi pravartakamityarthaḥ | satyapi jñeye jñātari vā jñāne pravṛttyanupapatteḥ | jñāne jñātari ca sati deśakālavyavahite jñeye pravṛttyanupapatteḥ | satyapi saṃskārātmake jñāne jñeye ca sannihite tathāpi suṣuptau pramātrabhāvātpravṛttyadarśanādetattrayaṃ tridaṇḍaviṣṭambhavadanyonyāpekṣaṃ sat hānopādānopekṣābuddhirūpaṃ kāryaṃ janayitvā hānādyanukūle vyāpāre pravartayatīti kartṛpadābhidheyamityarthaḥ | codaneti kartari nandyādilyupratyayāntatvena codanāśabdaḥ kartṛvācī | liṅgaṃ tvavivakṣitam | “liṅgamaśiṣyaṃ lokāśrayatvālliṅgasya” iti vā | tathā karaṇamindriyam | karma tena yatkriyamāṇaṃ viṣayagrahaṇam | kartā pūrvokta eva parijñātā | etattrayaṃ samuditaṃ sat karmasaṅgrahaḥ karmaṇaḥ īpsitatamasya bhogyasya saṅgrahaḥ saṅgṛhyate'sminniti saṃśleṣasthānaṃ bhoktetyarthaḥ | satyapi bhoktari karaṇe ca kriyāṃ vinā bhogāsambhavāt, kriyāyāścāśrayaṃ vinā svarūpālābhādāśrayasya karaṇaṃ vinā bhoktṛtvāṅgakartṛtvānupapatteścaitattrayaṃ militaṃ sat bhoktetyucyata ityarthaḥ | tathā ca śrutiḥ “ātmendriyamanoyuktaṃ bhoktetyāhurmanīṣiṇaḥ” iti | indriyaṃ prasiddham | mana ityanena buddhireva gṛhyate | yuktam indriyadvārā materbhogyena saha sambandhakriyā | indriyaṃ ca manaśca yuktaṃ ceti vigrahe indriyamanoyuktamiti dvandvaikavadbhāvaḥ | etattrayaṃ bhoktā ātmetyāhurmanīṣiṇa iti śrutyarthaḥ | evaṃ hi śrutismṛtyorvyākhyāne tayormūlamūlibhāvo yujyate nānyathā | tathā ca kartṛvat bhokturapi anātmagaṇapatitatvādbhoktṛtvaṃ bhogakartṛtvamiti nirvacanādyaḥ kartā sa eva bhokteti pratipādanādahamakartā'bhokteti cānusandhānapūrvakaṃ karmāṇi kurvataḥ kartṛtvabhoktṛtvakṛtaḥ karmalepo nāstīti siddham | bhāṣyasya cāyamevārthaḥ | ye tu karaṇaṃ kriyāyāḥ sādhakatamaṃ daśavidhaṃ bāhyaṃ manobuddhirūpamāntaram | karma karturīpsitatamaṃ kriyayā vyāpyamānam utpādyamāpyaṃ vikāryaṃ saṃskāryaṃ ceti caturvidham | kartā kārakāntaraprayojakaścidacidgranthiḥ | etattrayaṃ karmasaṅgrahaḥ | karmāśrayaḥ kartetyarthaḥ | tathā jñānaṃ viṣayaprakāśanaśaktiḥ | jñeyaṃ viṣayaḥ | parijñātā jñānāśrayo bhoktā | etattrayaṃ karmaṇi pravartakamiti vyācakṣate | teṣāmapi ātmā na kartā nāpi sāṅkhyānāmiva bhoktṛtvena prakṛteḥ pravartaka ityevāśayaḥ | tathāpi kriyayā vyāpyamānasya vakṣyamāṇasāttvikādibhedānarhasya ghaṭādirūpasya karmaṇaḥ kartṛkoṭau praveśāyogaḥ | tasya kriyāśrayatvamātravivakṣāyāṃ prakṛte tatkathanānupayogaśca spaṣṭaḥ | tathā asmākaṃ tu ghaṭādivyāpakakriyāyāḥ karmaśabdavācyatvaṃ mukhyam | kartṛkoṭipraveśaśca kriyākriyāvatordharmadharmiṇorabhedāpekṣayā yujyate | tathā jñānaṃ prakāśanakriyeti mate kriyārūpe'sminpravartakajñānāntarasyāpekṣeti tatra tatrānyasyānyasyāpekṣetyanavasthā durnivārā ||
6.42.19
pūrvaślokokte jñānādiṣaṭke parijñātā kartā caika eveti pariśiṣṭāḥ pañca teṣāṃ sarveṣāṃ prākṛtatvena triguṇātmakatve prāpte jñeyakaraṇayorjaḍayorghaṭakuṭhārakalpayoḥ parisaṅkhyārthaṃ trayāṇāmeva pratyekaṃ trividhatvaṃ vivarītuṃ pratijānīte -- jñānamiti | jñānaṃ karma kartā ceti trayameva guṇabhedatastridhā na tu jñeyakaraṇe | guṇasaṅkhyāne kāpile śāstre | yadyapi tatra ekasyāṃ pramadāyāṃ bhartuḥ sukhaṃ jāyate taṃ prati tasyāḥ sattvodbhūtatvāt | tāmavindataścaitrasya duḥkhaṃ jāyate taṃ prati tasyāḥ rajodbhūtatvāt | tasyāmeva sapatnyā dveṣastāṃ prati tasyāstamodbhūtatvāt | pramadayaiva sarve bhāvā vyākhyātā iti kāpilānāṃ jñeyakaraṇayorapi traividhyaṃ prasiddham | tathāpi pramadādaya ekasyaiva puṃso nimittabhedena prītiduḥkhadveṣaviṣayā api bhavantīti pūrvoktavyavasthāyā nirmūlatvāt | prītyādīnāṃ kartṛsamavāyitayā pratīyamānānāmālambanabhūtāyāḥ pramadāyāḥ prītyādyātmakatvaṃ kalpayituṃ na śakyata iti na bhagavatā tayostrividhatvaṃ vyākhyāyate | akṣarārthaḥ spaṣṭaḥ ||
6.42.20
evaṃ jñānāditrayasya traividhyaṃ vaktuṃ pratijñāya jñānatraividhyaṃ tāvadāha -- sarvabhūteṣviti | yathā kaṭakakuṇḍalādiṣu vyāvartamāneṣu tattvavivekaṃ kāñcanamevedamiti paśyati | evaṃ yena jñānena sarvabhūteṣu vibhakteṣu nānānāmarūpabhedabhinneṣu avyayamapariṇāminamekaṃ bhāvaṃ cinmātrarūpam īkṣate sarvaṃ brahmaivedamiti paśyati tajjñānaṃ sāttvikaṃ viddhi | aikātmyajñānameva sāttvikamityarthaḥ ||
6.42.21
bhedajñāne rājasatvamāha -- pṛthaktveneti | yatpṛthaktvena bhinnatvena | jñānaṃ tadrājasamiti sambandhaḥ |pṛthaktvenetyetadvivṛṇoti | sarveṣu bhūteṣu pāñcabhautikatvenāviśiṣṭeṣu nānābhāvān suranaratiryaksthāvaratvabhedena nānātvāni | bahuvacanamatyantabhedapradarśanārtham | pṛthagvidhān ekajātīyeṣvapi narādiṣu pratyekaṃ vibhinnaprakārān yajjñānaṃ vetti viṣayīkarotīti | yena jñānena vettīti vaktavye edhāṃsi pacantītivadyajjñānaṃ vettiti karaṇe kartṛtvopacāro bodhyaḥ | tenātmanāṃ parasparabhedasteṣāmīśvarādbhedastebhya īśvarādanyonyataśca jaḍavargasya bheda ityanaupādhikabhedapañcakajñānaṃ kutārkikāṇāṃ rājasamevetyabhiprāyaḥ ||
6.42.22
yattu jñānamekasminkārye dehe pratimādau vā kṛtsnavatparīpūrṇavadetāvānevātmā īśvaro veti saktamabhiniveśayuktam | ahaitukaṃ nirupapattikam | atattvārthavat paramārthāvalambanaśūnyam | alpaṃ tucchaviṣayatvādalpaphalatvācca | yadevambhūtaṃ jñānaṃ tattāmasamudāhṛtam ||
6.42.23
atha karmatraividhyamāha -- niyatamityādinā | niyataṃ nityaṃ saṅgarahitamabhimānavarjitam | rāga iṣṭe prītirdveṣo'niṣṭe'prītistābhyāṃ kṛtamiṣṭāniṣṭaprāptiparihārārthaṃ kṛtaṃ rāgādveṣataḥ kṛtaṃ tadanyadarāgadveṣataḥ kṛtaṃ niṣkāmamityarthaḥ | phalgu ca līyate ceti phalaṃ kriyayā prāpyamanātmavastu tadanyadaphalamanāgantukaṃ paripūrṇamavināśi ātmatattvaṃ tatprepsunā kṛtaṃvividiṣanti yajñena iti śrutyā ātmalābhārthaṃ yajñāderviniyogāt | tatkarma sāttvikamucyate ||
6.42.24
yattu kāmepsunā phalārthinā sāhaṅkāreṇa | yadyapi sāttviko'pyanātmavitsāhaṅkārastathāpyahameva karmakuśalo mahān śrotriya ityabhimāno'haṅkārastadvatā sāhaṅkāreṇa | vā śabdaścārthe | kriyate bahulāyāsamatiśramakaraṃ tatkarma rājasamudāhṛtam ||
6.42.25
anubadhyate'nenetyanubandhaḥ phalam | kṣayaṃ śakterarthānāṃ ca nāśam | hiṃsāṃ parapīḍām | pauruṣaṃ svasāmarthyam | anavekṣyānālocya kevalamohādavivekato yadārabhyate karma tattāmasamudāhṛtam ||
6.42.26
kartṛtraividhyamāha -- muktetyādinā | muktasaṅgastyaktābhiniveśaḥ | anahaṃvādī pūrvoktāhaṅkāroktirahitaḥ | dhṛtirdhairyam | utsāhaḥ sādhayiṣyāmyeveti buddhiniścayaḥ tābhyāṃ samanvitaḥ | siddhyasiddhyoḥ karmaṇa ārabdhasyeti śeṣaḥ | nirvikāro harṣaviṣādaśūnyaḥ kartā sāttvika ucyate ||
6.42.27
rāgī viṣayalolupaḥ | ataeva karmaṇaḥ phalaṃ prepsatīti karmaphalaprepsuḥ | lubdhaḥ paradravyādau sañjātatṛṣṇastīrthādau vā dravyāparityāgī | hiṃsātmakaḥ parapīḍākarasvabhāvaḥ | aśucirbāhyāntaḥśaucavarjita iṣṭāniṣṭaprāptau harṣaśokānvitaśca yaḥ kartā sa rājasaḥ parikīrtitaḥ ||
6.42.28
ayukto'navahitaḥ | prākṛto'tyantamasaṃskṛtabuddhirbālasamaḥ | stabdho daṇḍavanna namati kasmaicit | śaṭhaḥ śaktigūhanakārī | naiṣkṛtiko vañcakaḥ parāvamānī vā | alasaḥ apravṛttiśīlaḥ kartavyeṣvapi | viṣādī sarvadā avasannasvabhāvaḥ | dīrghasūtrī cirakārī | ekāhasādhyaṃ kāryaṃ māsenāpi na karotītyarthaḥ | ya evambhūtaḥ sa kartā tāmasa ucyate ||
6.42.29
buddhidhṛtī traividhyena vyākhyātumāha -- buddheriti | tatra buddhiviśiṣṭaścidābhāsaḥ kartā jñānaṃ ca prāguktam | atra tu kevalā buddhirvṛttimatī tadīyavṛttyantaropalakṣaṇārthaṃ tadvṛttiviśeṣo dhṛtiśca traividhyena kathyata ityarthaḥ ||
6.42.30
pravṛttinivṛttī śāstravihitapratiṣiddhaviṣaye “yajeta svargakāmaḥ”, “na surāṃ pibet” ityādirūpe | kāryaṃ kṛtisādhyaṃ svargādi | akāryaṃ nityasiddhaṃ tena nityānityavastunī ukte | bhayābhaye kāryākāryanimitte | bandhaṃ mokṣaṃ ca yā vetti yayā vettīti pūrvavatkaraṇe kartṛtvopacāraḥ | buddhiḥ sā pārtha sāttvikī ||
6.42.31
ayathāvat sandehāspadatvena | spaṣṭamanyat ||
6.42.32
adharmamiti | viparītagrāhiṇī buddhistāmasītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.33
yayā dhṛtyā avyabhicāriṇyā samādhyanugatayā manaḥprāṇendriyāṇāṃ kriyāśceṣṭāḥ saṅkalpaṃ śvāsapraśvāsau śabdādigrahaṇaṃ ca yogena cittavṛttinirodhena aikāgryeṇa vā saṃyatāstāstathaiva nirodhāvasthāyāmaikāgryāvasthāyāṃ vā dhārayate ciramavasthāpayati sā dhṛtiḥ pārtha! sāttvikī ||
6.42.34
yayā dhṛtyā dharmādīn dhārayate'nurodhyatayā niścinoti, prasaṅgena dharmādeḥ sambandhena phalākāṅkṣī ca bhavati puruṣo dhṛtiḥ sā pārtha ! rājasī ||
6.42.35
svapnaṃ nidrām | bhayaṃ trāsam | śokaṃ prasiddham | viṣādaṃ viṣaṇṇatām | madamaśāstrīyaviṣayasevayā cittasya vivaśatvam | etānna vimuñcati dhārayatyeva yayā dhatyā sā dhṛtiḥ pārtha ! tāmasī ||
6.42.36
guṇabhedena kriyāṇāṃ kārakāṇāṃ ca traividhyamuktaṃ tatphalasya sukhasya traividhyamāha -- sukhaṃ tvityādinā | abhyāsātpaunaḥpunyena sevanāt | yatra sāttvike rājase tāmase vā sukhe ramate ratiṃ prāpnoti | yayā ratyā duḥkhasya putraśokāderapyantamavasānaṃ nigacchati niścayena prāpnoti tatsukhaṃ trividhaṃ śrṛṇu | yadā tvayamapyarthaḥ sāttvikasukhasyaiva lakṣaṇārthastadā yatra samādhisukhe abhyāsādramate na tu viṣayasukha iva rāgāt duḥkhāntaṃ mokṣaṃ ca nigacchatītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.37
yattatprasiddhaṃ sarvaprāṇipremāspadam | agre samārambhakāle manaḥprāṇendriyaspandanirodhena yajñe sañjñapyamānasya paśoriva jāyamānaṃ viṣamivātitīvravedanākaram | pariṇāme sāttvikyā dhṛtyā niruddhāsu mana ādikriyāsu amṛtopamamatyāhlādakaram | ātmanaḥ svasyaiva buddheḥ prasādo nairmalyaṃ rajastamomalarāhityaṃ tasmādāvirbhūtaṃ na tu viṣayasaṅgajaṃ nidrālasyādijaṃ vā tatsukhaṃ sāttvikaṃ proktam ||
6.42.38
rājasaṃ sukhamāha -- viṣayeti | agre bhogakāle | pariṇāme viṣamiva viyogakāle | ihāmutra ca duḥkhapradatvāt ||
6.42.39
agre ārambhe anubandhe pariṇāme | mohanaṃ mohakaram | ātmano buddheḥ | yato nidrādijam ||
6.42.40
prakaraṇārthamupasaṃharatyanuktamapi saṅgṛhṇan -- na tadastīti | sattvaṃ prāṇijātam | idamupalakṣaṇaṃ jaḍasyāpi | sarvasya triguṇavikāratvāt | prakṛtijairjanmāntarīyadharmādharmasaṃskārajaiḥ māyāprabhavairvā | śeṣaṃ spaṣṭam ||
6.42.41
evaṃ pañcadaśe saṃsārāśvatthamasaṅgaśastreṇa cchittvā paraṃ padaṃ parimārgitavyamityuktaṃ tatrātmano'saṅgatvopapādanāya kriyākārakaphalalakṣaṇasya kṛtsnasya saṃsārasya triguṇātmakatvamuktam | na hyātmānātmanorguṇātītaguṇātmakayoḥ saṅgaḥ sambhavati | na hyākāśāntarvartipṛthivyādiguṇena gandhādinākāśaḥ saṃsṛjyate tadvadityuktam | samāptaḥ śāstrārthaḥ | athedānīṃ sarvagītāśāstrārthamupasaṃhartumasaṅgaśastrāptyupāyaṃ ca pradarśayituṃ prakaraṇāntaramārabhate -- brāhmaṇetyādinā | śūdrāṇāmasamāsakaraṇaṃ vedānadhikārāt | pravibhaktāni asaṅkīrṇāni | tatra hetumāha svabhāvaprabhavairguṇaiḥ | svabhāva īśvarasya prakṛtistriguṇātmikā saiva prabhavo heturyeṣāṃ guṇānāṃ te svabhāvaprabhavāstaiḥ | yadvā brāhmaṇasvabhāvasya sattvaguṇa eva prabhavaḥ śāntatvāt | kṣatriyasvabhāvasya sattvopasarjanaṃ rajaḥ īśvarasvabhāvatvāt | vaiśyasvabhāvasya tama upasarjanaṃ rajaḥ kṛṣyādisvabhāvatvāt | śūdrasvabhāvasya raja upasarjanaṃ tamaḥ śuśrūṣāsvabhāvatvāt | athavā svabhāvaḥ prāgbhavīyaḥ saṃskārastatprabhavairna tu jātimātraprabhavaiḥ pakṣiṇāmākāśagamanavat | ataeva jātyantaravyāvṛttānāṃ dharmāṇāṃ śamādiṣu pāṭho na dṛśyate | na hi śūdrādvyāvṛttaṃ,traivarṇikānāmadhyayanādikaṃ vā itaradvayādvyāvṛttaṃ brāhmaṇānāmadhyāpanādikaṃ vā iha paṭhyate | kintu sarve sarvajātīyānāṃ sādhāraṇā dharmāḥ śamādayo dṛśyante | yathāhi droṇādiṣu brāhmaṇeṣvapi śauryādikaṃ, bharatādiṣu kṣatriyeṣvapi śamādikaṃ dṛṣṭam evamitaratra | tasmādyasminkasmiṃścidvarṇe śamādayo dṛśyante sa śūdro'pyetairlakṣaṇairbrāhmaṇa eva jñātavyaḥ | yatra ca brāhmaṇe'pi śūdradharmā dṛśyante sa śūdra eva | tathā cāraṇyake sarpabhūtaṃ nahuṣaṃ prati yudhiṣṭhiravākyam “satyaṃ dānaṃ kṣamā śīlamānṛśaṃsyaṃ tapo ghṛṇā | dṛśyante yatra nāgendra sa brāhmaṇa iti smṛtaḥ |” tathā “yatraitallakṣyate sarpa vṛttaṃ sa brāhmaṇaḥ smṛtaḥ | yatraitanna bhavetsarpa taṃ śūdramiti nirdiśet” iti | jātidharmāstu manunā darśitāḥ “adhyāpanaṃ cādhyayanaṃ yajanaṃ yājanaṃ tathā | dānaṃ pratigrahaṃ caiva brāhmaṇānāmakalpayat | prajānāṃ rakṣaṇaṃ dānamijyādhyayanameva ca | viṣayeṣvaprasaktiṃ ca kṣatriyasya samāsataḥ | paśūnāṃ rakṣaṇaṃ dānamijyādhyayanameva ca | vaṇikpathaṃ kusīdaṃ ca vaiśyasya kṛṣimeva ca | ekameva tu śūdrasya prabhuḥ karma samādiśat | eteṣāmeva varṇānāṃ śuśrūṣāmanasūyayā |” iti | tasmāt śamādayo yatrābrāhmaṇe brāhmaṇe vā dṛśyante sa eva brāhmaṇa ityatra vivakṣitam | ‘sve sve karmaṇyabhirataḥ saṃsiddhiṃ labhate naraḥ’ ityatra tu manūktānyadhyāpanādīnyeva svakarmāṇi grāhyāṇi na tu śamadamādīni | nahi jñānavijñānavato'nyā saṃsiddhirlabdhavyāsti | tasmācchamadamādayo brahmiṣṭhasyaiva brāhmaṇasya lakṣaṇamiti dik ||
6.42.42
brāhmaṇakarmāṇyāha -- śama iti | antaḥkaraṇanigrahaḥ śamaḥ | bāhyendriyanigraho damaḥ | tapaḥ pūrvoktaṃ śārīrādibhedena trividham | śaucaṃ bāhyaṃ mṛjjalābhyām ābhyantaraṃ bhāvaśuddhiḥ | kṣāntiḥ kṣamā | ārjavamakauṭilyam | jñānaṃ śāstrīyaṃ karma brahmaviṣayam | vijñānaṃ tadanuṣṭhānānubhavātmakam | āstikyaṃ śraddhā etannavakaṃ brahmakarma brāhmaṇatvajātyabhivyañjakaṃ karma | svabhāvajaṃ prācīnadharmasaṃskārajam ||
6.42.43
śauryaṃ parākramaḥ | tejaḥ prāgalbhyam | dhṛtirdhairyam | dākṣyaṃ yuddhe kauśalamutsāho vā | dānamaudāryam | īśvarabhāvaḥ unmārgavartināṃ niyamanaśaktiḥ | etatkṣātraṃ karma svabhāvajam ||
6.42.44
vaiśyaśūdrayoḥ karmāṇyāha -- kṛṣīti | spaṣṭārthaḥ ślokaḥ ||
6.42.45
karmapravibhāgaphalamāha -- sve sve iti | sve sve manvādibhirukte'dhyāpanādau asādhāraṇe śamadamādau sādhāraṇe ca karmaṇi abhirato niṣṭhāvān saṃsiddhiṃ jñānayogyatāṃ labhate naraḥ | etadeva vivarītuṃ pratijānīte -- sveti | siddhiṃ vakṣyamāṇāṃ mukhyasannyāsalakṣaṇāṃ naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ yathā yena prakāreṇa ||
6.42.46
tameva prakāramāha -- yata iti | pravṛttiḥ kāyavāṅmanonirvartyā ceṣṭā | yato hetorantaryāmiṇaḥ | “yena vāgabhyudyate” ityādiśruteḥ | yena idaṃ sarvaṃ dṛśyaṃ tataṃ vyāptam upādānatvāt | svakarmaṇā tamabhyarcya santarpya siddhiṃ mokṣaṃ vindati labhate mānavaḥ | manuṣyādhikārikatvācchāstrasya | parameśvare nityakarmaṇāmarpaṇameva mokṣadvāramityarthaḥ ||
6.42.47
svakarmaṇeti viśeṣaṇasya phalamāha -- śreyāniti | svadharmo viguṇaḥ kiñcidaṅgahīno'pi śreyān praśasyataraḥ | kimapekṣya śreyān | paradharmātsvanuṣṭhitāt samyagvihitādapi | uktaṃ ca ‘svadharme nidhanaṃ śreyaḥ paradharmo bhayāvahaḥ’ iti | svabhāvaniyataṃ pūrvoktatrividhasvabhāvājjātaṃ karma kurvan kilbiṣaṃ doṣaṃ nāpnoti | viṣakṛmerviṣamiva na doṣakaram | tasmāttava bhaikṣyaṃ hiṃsāśūnyamapi na yuktam | kintu hiṃsāyukto'pi svadharma eva praśasyataraḥ | dharmatvena vihite'sminnagnīṣomīyapaśvālambhe iva kṛte sati na kilbiṣaprasaṅgo'stītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.48
kiṃ ca sahajaṃ svābhāvikaṃ kṣātraṃ karma sadoṣaṃ hiṃsāmiśramapi na tyajet | hi yasmātsarvārambhāḥ sarvāṇi karmāṇi doṣeṇa hiṃsādinā āvṛtā eva | yasmācca paradharmo bhayāvahastasmātsvakarma na tyajedityarthaḥ ||
6.42.49
svakarmaṇāmīśvare samarpaṇaṃ kartavyamityuktvānantaraślokadvayena svakarmaṇāmāvaśyakatvamuktvā teṣāṃ parameśvare'rpaṇena kiṃ phalaṃ syādityata āha -- asakteti | sannyāsenakāryamityeva yatkarma niyataṃ kriyate'rjuna |,saṅgaṃ tyaktvā phalaṃ caiva sa tyāgaḥ sāttviko mataḥ iti pūrvoktenāmukhyasāttvikatyāgena | asaktabuddhiḥ putradārādiṣu saktipadeṣu āsaktivarjitā buddhiryasya so'saktabuddhiḥ virakta ityarthaḥ | ataeva jitātmā śāntacittaḥ | vigataspṛhaḥ viśeṣeṇa gatā spṛhā tṛṣṇā yasya tādṛśo bhūtvā naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ kārtsnyena svarūpataḥ karmatyāgalakṣaṇāṃ pārivrājyasiddhiṃ paramāṃ pūrvoktāmukhyatyāgāpekṣayātiśreṣṭhāṃ na dveṣṭyakuśalaṃ karmeti śloke vyākhyātām adhigacchati prāpnoti ||
6.42.50
svakarmanirataḥ siddhiṃ yathā vindatītyetatpratijñātamupapāditam | idānīṃ naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ prāpto'pi parivrāṭ vaśīkārasañjñakavairāgyavān yathā brahma prāpnoti tathā vaktuṃ pratijānīte -- siddhimiti | siddhiṃ naiṣkarmyasiddhiṃ nibodha budhyasva | me madvacanātsamāsena saṅkṣepeṇaiva he kaunteya ! yā yatprāpyaṃ brahma | vidheyāpekṣaṃ strītvam | jñānasya parā niṣṭhā yadapekṣayā'nyajjñeyam āntarataraṃ nāstītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.51
tameva brahmaprāptiprakāramāha tribhiḥ -- buddhyeti | buddhyā vedāntaśravaṇamananaparipākotthayā'haṃ brahmāsmīti parokṣaniścayarūpayā viśuddhayā sarvabhūteṣu maitryādibhāvanayā samyagviśodhitayā | dhṛtyā dhairyeṇa yogakṣemādinimittavaiyagryarāhityena | ātmānaṃ dehendriyasaṅghātaṃ niyamya | dṛḍhāsano bhūtvetyarthaḥ | cakārātprāṇaṃ ca niyamya | śabdādīn viṣayāṃstyaktvā | tata indriyāṇi pratyāhṛtyetyarthaḥ | pratyāhṛtakaraṇo'pyantarmanasaiva viṣayānsmarati tatparityāgamāha -- rāgadveṣau vyudasya ceti | saṅkalpaṃ tyaktvetyarthaḥ | sa hi viṣayaṃ parikalpya tatra rāgaṃ janayatīti prasiddham | yathācākṣapādācāryasūtraṃ “doṣanimittaṃ rūpādayo viṣayāḥ saṅkalpakṛtāḥ” iti | doṣo rāgādiḥ | cakārādayamahamasmītyetamapi bhāvaṃ vyudasyeti jñeyam | tato brahmabhūyāya brahmabhāvāya taṃ prāptuṃ kalpate yogyo bhavatīti tṛtīyena sambandhaḥ ||
6.42.52
kena sādhanajātenaivambhūto bhavatītyata āha -- vivikteti | yattacchabdādhyāhāreṇa yojyam | nityamiti sarvatra sambandhanīyam | yo nityaṃ viviktasevī ekāntaśīlī | laghvāśī mitāśanaśīlaśca | tathā nityaṃ vairāgyaṃ rāgābhāvaṃ samupāśritaśca | tathā nityaṃ dhyānayogaḥ ṣaṣṭhādhyāyoktastatparaśca yo nityaṃ bhavati sa yatavākkāyamānaso bhavati | yatakāya āsanadārḍhyena | yatavāg viṣayebhya indriyāṇāṃ pratyāharaṇena | yatamānasaḥ sarvasaṅkalpatyāgena | atra caturbhiḥ sādhanairyatavākkāyamānasatvaṃ sādhyam | nityaṃ viviktasevādiśīlaḥ san yatavākkāyamānaso bhūtvā brahmabhūyāya kalpata ityuttareṇānvayaḥ ||
6.42.53
evaṃ yatavākkāyamānasasya yogino yogajāḥ siddhaya upatiṣṭhanti | tāśca śrutau darśitāḥ “pṛthivyaptejo'nilakhe samutthite pañcātmake yogaguṇe pravṛtte | na tatra rogo na jarā na mṛtyuḥ prāptasya yogāgnimayaṃ śarīram” iti | tathā “yaṃ yaṃ lokaṃ manasā saṃvibhāti viśuddhasattvaḥ kāmayate yāṃśca kāmān | taṃ taṃ lokaṃ jayate tāṃśca kāmāṃstasmādātmajñaṃ hyarcayedbhūtikāmaḥ” iti ca | saṃvibhāti saṅkalpayati | lokaṃ locanīyamatītānāgatamarthajātam | kāmān kāmyamānānviṣayān | jayate upalabhate iti śrutipadānāmarthaḥ | tathā “nāvirato duścaritānnāśānto nāsamāhitaḥ | nāśāntamānaso vāpi prajñānenainamāpnuyāt” iti | prajñānena śāstrācāryopadeśajena jñānena duścaritādisevanādviraktaḥ śānto jitacittaḥ samāhito niruddhacittavṛttirapyaśāntamānaso yogaiśvaryāsaktacittaḥ enamātmānaṃ na prāpnuyāditi śrutyarthaḥ | tadidamāha -- ahaṅkāramiti | yadā tu yogī yatamānaso'smitāmātrapratyayo bhavati tadā saivāsmitāvasthitirviṣayābhimukhāhaṅkāra ityucyate | viṣayavimukhā tvasmiteti tatastamahaṅkāraṃ nigṛhṇīyāt | tadanigrahe yogī balaṃ satyasaṅkalpatvādisāmarthyamātmanaḥ paśyan darpaṃ karoti, na mattulyo'nyo'stīti manyate | tataśca dṛpto dharmamatikrāmatītyāpastambavacanāddivyānkāmānicchati | tatra kenacinnimittena kāmapratibandhe sati krodhavānbhavati | tataḥ parotsādanāya bhūyāṃsaṃ śiṣyādiparigrahaṃ sampādayati tato naśyatīti | tasmātsarvānarthamūlabhūtamahaṅkārameva vimucya tata itarānsarvān vimuñcati | ahaṅkāravimoke'pi nirmamatvaṃ tatpradarśiteṣu viṣayeṣu mamatāśūnyatve satyahaṅkāraḥ śithilībhūto viṣayavaimukhyaṃ prāpya svakāraṇe'smitāyāṃ vilīyate | tataḥ śānto'smitāyā api pralayānnirindhanāgnivaduparato yogī brahmabhūyāya kalpate ||
6.42.54
asyaivaṃ śāntasya kevalasya yogino vyutthānāvasthāmāha -- brahmabhūta iti | yo hi suptau laye vā nipatito yogī vyutthāne jaḍadehastamograstacitta iva tandrāluruttiṣṭhati, brahmabhūtastu prasannātmā prasannacetāḥ laghuśarīraḥ amṛteneva samādhisukhena tṛptastadekapravaṇo na śocati naṣṭam | nāpyaprāptaṃ kāṅkṣati dārādikam | sarveṣu bhūteṣu caturvidheṣu samaḥ brahmaivedaṃ sarvamiti buddhyā vaiṣamyavarjitaḥ san parāṃ madbhaktiṃ dvaitadṛṣṭivivarjitāṃ bhāvanāṃ labhate | pātañjalayogī tu na vyutthāne parāṃ dṛṣṭiṃ labhate bhedadarśitvāt | ayaṃ ca bhaktaḥ śrībhāgavate darśitaḥ “sarvabhūteṣu yenaikaṃ bhagavadbhāvamīkṣate | bhūtāni bhagavatyātmanyeṣa bhāgavatottamaḥ” iti | so'yaṃ caturtho bhakto ‘jñānī tvātmaiva me matam’ iti bhagavatāpi darśitaḥ ||
6.42.55
asyā advaitātmatattvajñānalakṣaṇāyā bhakteḥ phalamāha -- bhaktyeti | mām uktavidhayā bhaktyā jñānī abhitaḥ sākalyena jānāti | sākalyamevāha -- yāvāniti | kimahamaṇuparimāṇo vā dehasammito vā tārkikāṇāmivākāśavatsakalamūrtadravyasaṃyogitvalakṣaṇavibhutvāśrayo vā saprapañcādvaitavādināmiva svagatabhedavānvā'khaṇḍaikaraso veti parimāṇatastattvato māṃ tatpadārthaṃ jānāti, tathā yaścāsmīti | dehendriyaprāṇamanasāmanyatamaḥ kiyatkālasthāyī vā kṣaṇikavijñānarūpo vā śūnyaṃ vā kartā vā bhoktā vā jaḍo vā jaḍājaḍarūpo vā cidrūpo vā kartṛtvabhoktṛtvavarjita ānandaghano veti tattvataḥ sarvasaṃśayarāhityena māmajaramamaramabhayamaśokaṃ ca jānāti | tathā ca śrutiḥ “bhidyate hṛdayagranthiśchidyante sarvasaṃśayāḥ | kṣīyante cāsya karmāṇi tasmindṛṣṭe parāvare” iti ātmadarśane sati sarvasaṃśayocchedaṃ darśayati | evaṃ ‘kṣetrajñaṃ cāpi māṃ viddhi sarvakṣetreṣu bhārata’ ityukteḥ sarvakṣetreṣvekaṃ māṃ vibhuṃ saccidānandaghanaṃ tattvato jñātvā sarvopādhivinirmuktaṃ yāthātmyena jñātvā sākṣātkṛtya tato vyāpto brahmabhāvaṃ gato bhavatītyarthaḥ | “brahma veda brahmaiva bhavati” iti śruteḥ | yadvā tata iti kāraṇabrahmabhāvāpattiḥ sārvātmyarūpā prathamamuktā | “ya evaṃ vedāhaṃ brahmāsmīti sa idaṃ sarvaṃ bhavati”, “sa etameva puruṣaṃ brahma tatamamapaśyat” ityādiśrutibhyo muktānāṃ sārvātmyāvagamāt | tatamaṃ tatatamam | ekastakāraśchāndasyāṃ prakriyāyāṃ lupto draṣṭavya iti śrutibhāṣyam | anantaraṃ kāraṇabhāvāpatteranupadameva tat brahma tacchabdābhidheyam “taditi vā etasya mahato bhūtasya nāma bhavati” iti śruteḥ | śuddhaṃ brahma viśate darpaṇāpāye pratibimbo bimbamiva praviśati | kāryopādhināṃ jīvānāṃ kāraṇopādhīśvaraprāptidvāraiva niṣkalabrahmaprāptirityāveditaṃ prāgeva | yadvā māṃ jñātvā tadviśata ityetāvataiva jñānapraveśayoḥ paurvāparye siddhe tadanantaramiti padena tacchabdena buddhisthaṃ dehaṃ parāmṛśya tatpātānantaramiti vyākhyeyam | yato jāte'pi tattvajñāne yāvaddehapātaṃ prārabdhakarmaṇāṃ pratibandhādvidehakaivalyaṃ na prāpyate | anyathā jñānasamakālameva dehapātāpattiḥ syāt | “vimuktaśca vimucyate”, “bhūyaścānte viśvamāyānivṛttiḥ” iti muktasya muktiṃ nivṛttāyāśca māyāyāḥ punarnivṛttiṃ vadajjīvanmuktiśāstraṃ bādhitaṃ syāt | yathā tārkikāṇāṃ naṣṭe'pi samavāyikāraṇe paṭādikaṃ kṣaṇamātramavatiṣṭhate evamasmākamapyanādikālāyā dehādyupādānabhūtāyā avidyāyā vināśe'pi kiñcitkālaṃ dehādipratibhānaṃ yujyate | īdṛśameva jīvanmuktamapekṣya bhagavatoktaṃ ‘upadekṣyanti te jñānaṃ jñāninastattvadarśinaḥ’ iti | sthitaprajñalakṣaṇasmṛtirapi tallakṣaṇābhidhitsayaiva pravavṛte iti dik ||
6.42.56
nanu “tadyathaiṣīkātūlamagnau protaṃ pradūyetaivaṃ hāsya sarve pāpmānaḥ pradūyante” iti pūrvakarmaṇāṃ jñānena prāyaścitteneva satyapi nāśaśravaṇe jñānottarakālīnānāṃ karmaṇāṃ nāśābhāvāt jñānottaramapi dehadhāraṇe svābhāvikānāṃ karmaṇāṃ varjanasyāsambhavādavaśyaṃ jñānino'pi bandhaḥ syādityāśaṅkyāha -- sarvakarmāṇīti | madvyapāśrayo'hameva prajñānaghanaḥ pratyagātmā vyapāśraya āśrayo yasya sa madvyapāśrayo jñānī | sarvakarmāṇi vihitāni niṣiddhāni vā sadā'sakṛtkurvāṇo'pi matprasādānmadanugrahāt śāśvataṃ nityam avyayaṃ paramasarvotkṛṣṭaṃ padaṃ padanīyaṃ mokṣamavāpnoti | na tu jñānottaramapi kriyamāṇaiḥ karmabhirbadhyate | “tasya putrā dāyamupayanti suhṛdaḥ sādhukṛtyāṃ dviṣantaḥ pāpakṛtyām” iti | na ha vā evaṃvidi kiñcana rāja ādhvaṃsate”, “taṃ viditvā na lipyate karmaṇā pāpakena” ityādiśāstreṇa tattvajñāninaḥ karmālepaśravaṇāt ||
6.42.57
evaṃ varṇāśramādidharmapuraskāreṇa sasādhanā saphalā ca brahmavidyā nirūpitā | asyāḥ prāptaye punaḥ sādhanatvena bhaktimeva vidhatte -- cetaseti | cetasā vivekabuddhyā sarvāṇi karmāṇi nityanaimittikāni mayi bhagavati,vāsudeve sannyasya ‘yatkaroṣi yadaśnāsi’ ityuktarītyā samarpya matparaḥ ahameva paraḥ prāpyo yasya na tu madbhaktyā arthādīnprārthayānaḥ | buddhiyogaṃ pūrvoktaṃ siddhyasiddhyoḥ samatvalakṣaṇaṃ bandhahetorapi karmaṇo mokṣahetutvasampādakam upāśritya āśritya maccittaḥ madekaśaraṇaḥ satataṃ sarvadā bhava ||
6.42.58
etasya bhaktiyogasya karaṇe guṇamakaraṇe doṣaṃ cāha -- maccitta iti | durgāṇi ādhyātmikādhibhautikādīni saṅkaṭāni | ahaṅkārātsvapāṇḍityābhimānāt na śroṣyasi madvākyaṃ tarhi vinaṅkṣyasi puruṣārthaśūnyo bhaviṣyasi ||
6.42.59
svatantro'haṃ tvaduktaṃ na kariṣyāmītyāśaṅkyāha -- yaditi | yat yadi ahaṅkāraṃ garvamāśritya na yotsye yuddhaṃ na kariṣye iti manyase eṣa te tava vyavasāyo niścayo mithyā | yataḥ prakṛtiḥ kṣātrasvabhāvastvāṃ niyokṣyati | ‘prakṛtiṃ yānti bhūtāni nigrahaḥ kiṃ kariṣyati’ iti coktam ||
6.42.60
prakṛtistvāṃ niyokṣyatītyetadeva vyācaṣṭe -- svabhāvajeneti | svabhāvajena pūrvoktena śauryādinā avaśo'pi paravaśa eva tatkariṣyasi ||
6.42.61
ko'sau paro yadvaśe'hamasmītyata āha -- īśvara iti | īśvara īśanaśīlo'ntaryāmī pṛthivyādīnāmasmākaṃ ca sarvabhūtānāṃ sarvaprāṇināṃ hṛddeśe buddhiguhāyāṃ sarvaprāṇipravartakastiṣṭhati | kīdṛśaḥ? sarvabhūtāni bhrāmayannūrdhvādhomārgeṣu sañcārayan kāṣṭhaputtikā iva sūtradhāraḥ yantrārūḍhāni yantramiva yantram utkramaṇādisādhanaṃ sarvaprāṇādyātmakaṃ liṅgaṃ tadārūḍhāni māyayā svaśaktyā bhrāmayanniti sambandhaḥ | he arjuna ! śukla viśuddhāntaḥkaraṇa ! seśvaro'sīti bhāvaḥ | atrāhaṅkārapūrvakaṃ yaḥ karma karoti yaśca īśvaraparavaśo'haṅkaromīti buddhyā karoti tayoratyantavailakṣaṇyapradarśanārtho mantro bhāṣye udāhṛtaḥ “ahaśca kṛṣṇamahararjunaṃ ca vivartete rajasī vedyābhiḥ” iti bhāradvājārṣaṃ “ahaśca kṛṣṇamahararjunaṃ cetyāgnimārutasya pratipat” iti brāhmaṇena āgnimārute śastre viniyuktā prathameyamṛk | yasmin divase somaḥ sūyate yāgārthaṃ tadeva janmasāphalyadinaṃ mukhyamahaḥśabdavācyam | anyattu dinamadinameva niṣphalatvāt | tathā ca smṛtiḥ “daśabhirjanmabhirvedā ādhānaṃ śatajanmabhiḥ | sahasrairjanmabhiḥ somaṃ brāhmaṇyaṃ pātumarhati” iti somayāgasya daurlabhyaṃ darśayati | tadayamahaḥśabdaḥ kālavacano'pi saumye karmaṇi vartate | yathā darśapaurṇamāsaśabdau | tatraivaṃ sati ahaḥ yāgaḥ kṛṣṇam aviduṣā kṛtam aprakāśamiva bhavati | tathā'hararjunaṃ svacchaṃ tadeva viduṣā kṛtaṃ prakāśarūpamiva bhavati | te ete ubhe api vidvadavidvatkṛte ahanī rajasī pravṛttirūpatvāt rajoguṇakārye api vedyābhirvidyābhiḥ karmāṅgāvabaddhopāsanārūpā vā parameśvare sarvakarmārpaṇarūpā vā ahaṅkaromītyabhimānarūpā vā vidyā vijñānāni tābhirvivartete vaiparītyena vartete | sopāsanaṃ karma śvetaṃ paramātmatattvaprakāśakaṃ bandhavicchedahetuḥ? mūḍhakṛtaṃ karma kṛṣṇaṃ svarūpāvarakaṃ bandhaheturityarthaḥ | tadevaṃ bhagavān pārtham arjuneti sambodhayan etasya svacchāntaḥkaraṇatvadyotanena śukle dharme'dhikāraṃ darśayati ||
6.42.62
tameva īśvaraṃ sarvabhāvena sarvātmanā śaraṇamāśrayaṃ gaccha śrayasva | tatprasādāt tadanugrahātparāṃ śāntimuparatiṃ samādhimiti yāvat | tathā ca sūtraṃ “samādhisiddhirīśvarapraṇidhānāt” iti | sthānaṃ ca paraṃ viṣṇoḥ padaṃ mokṣaṃ śāśvataṃ nityaṃ prāpsyasi ||
6.42.63
sarvagītārthamupasaṃharati -- itīti | iti evamprakāraṃ te tubhyaṃ mayā sarvajñena paramakāruṇikena jñānam ākhyātam | guhyānmantratantrarasāyanarūpādguhyataramatiśayitaṃ rahasyam | etadyathoktaṃ śāstrārthajātaṃ vimṛśya samyagālocya yathecchasi tathā kuru ||
6.42.64
evaṃ yatheṣṭakaraṇamabhyanujñāyāpi ativātsalyācchlokadvayenaiva kṛtsnaṃ śāstrārthamupadekṣyaṃstadgrahaṇe aikāgryamasya sampādayitumāha -- sarveti | sarvebhyo guhyebhyaḥ atiśayitaṃ guhyaṃ sarvaguhyatamaṃ bhūyaḥ punarasakṛduktamapi me mama vacanaṃ śṛṇu | paramaṃ paramārthaviṣayatvāt | na lobhānnāpi bhayāttvāṃ vakṣyāmi | kiṃ tarhi ? me mama iṣṭo'si,paramāpto'si iti hetoḥ, da़ṛḍham atiśayitaṃ te tava hitaṃ yatastato vakṣyāmi | tava iṣṭatvāt vidyāyāśca hitatvāt tadvacanam āpte tvayi avaśyaṃ vaktavyamiti bhāvaḥ ||
6.42.65
tadeva guhyatamaṃ hitamāha -- manmanā iti | ahaṃ pratyagātmānandaikaghanaḥ paripūrṇastadākāraṃ mano yasya sa manmanāḥ bhava | etena brāhmātmābhedo'pi sākṣātkaraṇīya ityuttaraṣaṭkārtha uktaḥ | kathamevaṃvidhā jñānaniṣṭhā labhyate'ta āha -- madbhakto bhava | etena bhagavadupāsanātmako madhyamaṣaṭkārtha uktaḥ | kathamalpapuṇyasya bhaktirudeṣyatītyata āha -- madyājī bhagavadarthakarmakaraṇaśīlo bhava | etena karmapradhāna ādyaṣaṭkārtho vivṛtaḥ | nanu yasya bhagavadyājitvaṃ na sambhavati dārirdyātstryādyabhāvādvā tasya bhagavadbhaktidaurlabhyādbrahmākārā cetovṛttirdurlabhataretyāśaṅkyāha -- māṃ namaskuru | prākṛtabhaktyaiva pratimādau bhagavantaṃ sarvopacārasamarpaṇena namaskārādinā samyagārādhayetyarthaḥ | tathācāśvalāyano namaskārasyaiva yajñatvamudāharati “yo namasā svadhvaraḥ” iti “yajño vai nama iti hi brāhmaṇaṃ bhavati” iti ca | evamuktasya sopānatrayārūḍhasya phalamāha -- māmiti | māmeva tatpadārthaṃ sarvajagatkāraṇaṃ sarveśvaraṃ sarvaśaktimakhaṇḍaikarasaṃ tvam eṣyasi prāpsyasi bimba iva pratibimbam, ghaṭākāśa iva mahākāśam | asminnarthe śapathaṃ karoti | te tava puraḥ satyam abādhitārthabhūtaṃ pratijāne pratijñāṃ karomi māmevaiṣyasīti | priyo'si me yatastvaṃ me mama priyo'si ataḥ pratāraṇānarhe tvayi satyamevāhaṃ bravīmītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.66
evaṃ namanayajanabhajanamananakrameṇa sāṅkhyaniṣṭhā uktā yā pūrvaṃ dhyānenātmani paśyantītyanena ślokena darśitā | idānīṃ ‘anye tvevamajānantaḥ śrutvānyebhya upāsate | te'pi cātitarantyeva mṛtyuṃ śrutiparāyaṇāḥ’ iti kevalopāstiniṣṭhā yogākhyoktā tāmāha -- sarveti | sarveṣāṃ varṇānāmāśramāṇāṃ dehendriyabuddhīnāṃ ca dharmānagnihotrādīn sukhaduḥkhādīṃśca tyaktvā māmekaṃ sarveśvaraṃ sarvaśaktiṃ sopādhiṃ nirupādhiṃ vā'khaṇḍaikarasamānandaghanaṃ paramātmānam | śaraṇaṃ śṛṇāti hinastyavidyādīnkleśādīn śaraṇamāśrayaḥ parāyaṇaṃ gaccha prāpnuhi | madekaśaraṇo bhavetyarthaḥ | atra annaṃ bhuktvaiva tṛpyati natu jalamātraṃ pītvetivaddhetutvaṃ ktvāpratyayārthaḥ | sarvadharmaparityāgena māṃ śaraṇaṃ vrajetyarthaḥ | yathoktam “anātmadarśanenaiva parātmānamupāsmahe” iti | etasya bhagavaccharaṇīkaraṇasya phalamāha -- ahantveti | ahaṃ pratyagātmā sūryādyantaryāmī nārāyaṇaḥ sakalapāpmavinirmuktaḥ samyagjñātaḥ san tvā tvāṃ sarvapāpebhyaḥ sañcitakriyamāṇebhyo gotravadhādijebhyo mokṣayiṣyāmi | mā śucaḥ śokaṃ mākārṣīḥ | tathāhi | tattvajñānaphalaṃ pāpāsparśaḥ śokataraṇaṃ ca sarvaśrutismṛtiprasiddham | ādityāntarvartinaṃ nārāyaṇaṃ prakṛtya cchāndogye śrūyate “sa eṣa sarvebhyaḥ pāpmabhya udita udeti ha vai sarvebhyaḥ pāpmabhyo ya evaṃ veda”, “tarati śokamātmavit”, “tatra ko mohaḥ kaḥ śoka ekatvamanupaśyataḥ” iti | uditaḥ ūrdhvamito gataḥ pāpānyutkramya gato,niṣpāpa iti śrutipadārthaḥ | varṇāśramadharmasannyāsapūrvakaṃ ṣaṣṭhādhyāyenoktena yogena dehādīnāṃ dharmāṃśca tyaktvā nirvikalpamātmānaṃ sākṣātkurvato na karmalepa ityarthaḥ ||
6.42.67
evaṃ ślokadvayena ‘jñānayogena sāṅkhyānāṃ karmayogena yoginām’ iti sāṅkhyayogau dvitīyādhyāye darśitāvupasaṃhṛtya vidyāsampradāyavidhimāha -- idamiti | atapaskāya tapa ālocanaṃ tadrahitāya | ayatnaśīlāyetyarthaḥ | abhaktāya śraddhāhīnāya | aśuśrūṣave gurusevāmakurvate | māṃ paramātmānaṃ yo'bhyasūyati madīyaguṇāsahiṣṇutayā mayi doṣāropaparo bhavati tasmai | nañaḥ pratyekaṃ sambaddhatvādeteṣāṃ viśeṣaṇānāmanyatamābhāve'pi kadācana mahatyapi saṅkaṭe idaṃ na vācyaṃ nopadeṣṭavyam | atra “vidyā ha vai brāhmaṇamājagāma gopāya mā śevadhiṣṭe'hamasmi | asūyakāyānṛjave'yatāya na māṃ brūyā'vīryavatī tathā syām |”, “yasya deve parā bhaktiryathā deve tathā gurau | tasyaite kathitā hyarthāḥ prakāśante mahātmanaḥ” iti śravaṇādasūyārahitāyārjavopetāyābhyāsaśīlāya guruparameśvarārādhanaparāya ca etadrahasyaṃ deyaṃ nānyasmā ityarthaḥ ||
6.42.68
evaṃ sampradāyavidhimuktvā sampradāyakartuḥ phalamāha -- ya idamiti | idaṃ paramaṃ guhyaṃ yo bhaktihīno mānapūjādyarthī san madbhakteṣvabhidhāsyati so'pi tata eva puṇyānmayi parameśvare cidekarase parāṃ bhaktimadvaitalakṣaṇāmupāsanāṃ kṛtvā tatrādaraṃ prāpya tāmanuṣṭhāya ca māmevaiṣyati muktiṃ prāpsyatītyarthaḥ | asaṃśayaḥ saśayo'tra nāsti | smaryate hi ajāmilādīnāṃ bhaktigandhahīnānāmapi putrasaṅketitena nārāyaṇetināmnā,snehavaśādāhvayatāṃ tāvanmātratuṣṭena bhagavatā sadgatirdattā, kimu vaktavyaṃ yo vācā etāvacchāstrarahasyaṃ pratipādayati tasya bhaktilābhādikrameṇa kṛtakṛtyatvaṃ bhaviṣyatīti ||
6.42.69
nanu aśraddhayā kṛtaṃ sarvaṃ vyarthamiti tvayaivoktaṃ kathamabhaktasyāpyetacchāstrābhidhānato bhaktyādilābhaḥ sambhavedityāśaṅkyāha -- na ceti | tasmādetacchāstrapravartakādanyo manuṣyeṣu me mama priyakṛttamo na ca kaścidasti | iyameva mama mahatī vācikī bhaktistāṃ kṛtvā sopānārohakrameṇa me mama priyataro bhavitā bhaviṣyati | “anicchayāpi saṃspṛṣṭo dahatyeva hi pāvakaḥ” iti | na ca bhuvi etasmādanyatparamārthasādhanamastīti bhāvaḥ | akṣarārthaḥ spaṣṭaḥ ||
6.42.70
adhyāpakasya phalamuktvā'dhyetuḥ phalamāha -- adhyeṣyate ceti | jñānayajñena nirvikalpasamādhinā iṣṭaḥ pūjitaḥ sa hi dharmameghanāmā puṣkalapuṇyavṛṣṭikarastadvadetasya śāstrasyādhyayanamapītyarthaḥ | iti me mama sarveśvarasya matiḥ | tenātra stutimātrametaditi na mantavyaṃ kintu bhūtārthavāda evāyamiti bhāvaḥ ||
6.42.71
pravakturadhyetuśca phalamuktvā śroturapi phalamāha -- śraddhāvāniti | śṛṇuyādapi akṣaraśravaṇaṃ kuryādapi kimu vaktavyamādareṇārthagrahaṇaṃ yaḥ kuryātsa uktaṃ phalaṃ prāpnuyāditi | spaṣṭārthaḥ ślokaḥ | tathācoktaṃ śrībhāgavate -- “vāsudevakathāpraśnaḥ puruṣāṃstrīnpunāti hi | vaktāraṃ pracchakaṃ śrotṝṃstatpādasalilaṃ yathā iti ||
6.42.72
sarvāntaryāmī sarvajño'pi bhagavām̐llokaśikṣārthaṃ śiṣyasya jñānaṃ jātaṃ na veti pṛcchati | anyathā punaḥ punaḥ svayametya upadeśaṃ kṛtavatā prabhuṇā nidāgha iva mayāyaṃ śatakṛtvo'pyupadeśena kṛtārthaḥ kartavya ityāśayenāha -- kacciditi | kacciditi kāmapravedane | he pārtha ! etattvayā ekāgreṇa cetasā śrotavyaṃ śabdato'rthataśca boddhavyamiti mama kāmo'sti tatastvāṃ pṛcchāmi kimidaṃ tvayā śrutamiti | śrutavato'pi tava ajñānakṛtaḥ sammoho viparyayaḥ anātmanyātmadhīrūpaḥ svadharme yuddhe cādharmadhīrūpa iti sa dvividho'pi naṣṭaḥ kaccit? macchramasāphalyamicchustvāmahaṃ pṛcchāmītyarthaḥ ||
6.42.73
evaṃ pṛṣṭaḥ svasya kṛtakṛtyatāṃ jñāpayannarjuna uvāca -- naṣṭo moha iti | mohaḥ pūrvokto dvividho'pi naṣṭaḥ | smṛtirayamahamasmi parambrahmetyātmānusandhānarūpā ātmatattvaviṣayā labdhā | yasya lābhena sarvahṛdayagranthīnāṃ ‘yāvānyaścāsmi tattvataḥ’ ityatrodāhṛtānāṃ cijjaḍaikyabhramaprabhavānāṃ vimokṣo bhavati | tathā ca śrūyate “viyogāyogyasmṛtilambhe sarvagranthīnāṃ vipramokṣaḥ” iti | tvatprasādānmayācyuta smṛtirlabdheti sambandhaḥ | sthito'smi tvacchāsane iti śeṣaḥ | gatasandeho naṣṭasandeha ityanenānātmanyātmadhīrūpo moho naṣṭa iti darśitam | kariṣye vacanaṃ tavetyanena svadharme yuddhe cādharmadhīrūpo'pi moho naṣṭa iti darśitam ||
6.42.74
samāptaḥ śāstrārthaḥ | idānīṃ kathāprabandhamevānuvartayansañjaya uvāca -- itīti | adbhutaṃ cetaso vismayakaram | romaharṣaṇaṃ romāñcodbhedajanakam | śeṣaṃ spaṣṭam ||
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Linked texts (1)
- Mahābhārata — Vyāsa, Sanskrit