Garudapurana 1
English (machine translation) 1
- Language
- English
Contents
- 1.1 — 35 parts
- 1.2 — 59 parts
- 1.3 — 9 parts
- 1.4 — 38 parts
- 1.5 — 38 parts
- 1.6 — 72 parts
- 1.7 — 11 parts
- 1.8 — 16 parts
- 1.9 — 12 parts
- 1.10 — 6 parts
- 1.11 — 44 parts
- 1.12 — 17 parts
- 1.13 — 14 parts
- 1.14 — 12 parts
- 1.15 — 160 parts
- 1.16 — 19 parts
- 1.17 — 9 parts
- 1.18 — 20 parts
- 1.19 — 34 parts
- 1.20 — 21 parts
- 1.21 — 7 parts
- 1.22 — 17 parts
- 1.23 — 59 parts
- 1.24 — 10 parts
- 1.25 — 5 parts
- 1.26 — 4 parts
- 1.27 — 1 part
- 1.28 — 12 parts
- 1.29 — 7 parts
- 1.30 — 20 parts
- 1.31 — 32 parts
- 1.32 — 42 parts
- 1.33 — 16 parts
- 1.34 — 57 parts
- 1.35 — 11 parts
- 1.36 — 18 parts
- 1.37 — 9 parts
- 1.38 — 16 parts
- 1.39 — 22 parts
- 1.40 — 19 parts
- 1.41 — 3 parts
- 1.42 — 25 parts
- 1.43 — 43 parts
- 1.44 — 15 parts
- 1.45 — 34 parts
- 1.46 — 38 parts
- 1.47 — 47 parts
- 1.48 — 101 parts
- 1.49 — 40 parts
- 1.50 — 86 parts
- 1.51 — 34 parts
- 1.52 — 27 parts
- 1.53 — 14 parts
- 1.54 — 18 parts
- 1.55 — 20 parts
- 1.56 — 21 parts
- 1.57 — 10 parts
- 1.58 — 31 parts
- 1.59 — 49 parts
- 1.60 — 23 parts
- 1.61 — 18 parts
- 1.63 — 20 parts
- 1.64 — 16 parts
- 1.65 — 121 parts
- 1.66 — 23 parts
- 1.67 — 43 parts
- 1.68 — 52 parts
- 1.69 — 44 parts
- 1.70 — 34 parts
- 1.71 — 29 parts
- 1.72 — 19 parts
- 1.73 — 19 parts
- 1.74 — 5 parts
- 1.75 — 7 parts
- 1.76 — 8 parts
- 1.77 — 4 parts
- 1.78 — 3 parts
- 1.79 — 3 parts
- 1.80 — 4 parts
- 1.81 — 31 parts
- 1.82 — 19 parts
- 1.83 — 78 parts
- 1.84 — 48 parts
- 1.85 — 23 parts
- 1.86 — 40 parts
- 1.87 — 64 parts
- 1.88 — 28 parts
- 1.89 — 83 parts
- 1.90 — 6 parts
- 1.91 — 18 parts
- 1.92 — 19 parts
- 1.93 — 13 parts
- 1.94 — 32 parts
- 1.95 — 33 parts
- 1.96 — 73 parts
- 1.97 — 10 parts
- 1.98 — 20 parts
- 1.99 — 45 parts
- 1.100 — 17 parts
- 1.101 — 12 parts
- 1.102 — 7 parts
- 1.103 — 5 parts
- 1.104 — 9 parts
- 1.105 — 73 parts
- 1.106 — 27 parts
- 1.107 — 39 parts
- 1.108 — 29 parts
- 1.109 — 54 parts
- 1.110 — 30 parts
- 1.111 — 33 parts
- 1.112 — 25 parts
- 1.113 — 63 parts
- 1.114 — 75 parts
- 1.115 — 83 parts
- 1.116 — 8 parts
- 1.117 — 15 parts
- 1.118 — 5 parts
- 1.119 — 6 parts
- 1.120 — 11 parts
- 1.121 — 9 parts
- 1.122 — 7 parts
- 1.123 — 15 parts
- 1.124 — 23 parts
- 1.125 — 7 parts
- 1.126 — 7 parts
- 1.127 — 20 parts
- 1.128 — 20 parts
- 1.129 — 32 parts
- 1.130 — 8 parts
- 1.131 — 21 parts
- 1.132 — 21 parts
- 1.133 — 18 parts
- 1.134 — 7 parts
- 1.135 — 7 parts
- 1.136 — 12 parts
- 1.137 — 19 parts
- 1.138 — 60 parts
- 1.139 — 78 parts
- 1.140 — 41 parts
- 1.141 — 16 parts
- 1.142 — 28 parts
- 1.143 — 51 parts
- 1.144 — 11 parts
- 1.145 — 43 parts
- 1.146 — 24 parts
- 1.147 — 86 parts
- 1.148 — 17 parts
- 1.149 — 21 parts
- 1.150 — 18 parts
- 1.151 — 15 parts
- 1.152 — 27 parts
- 1.153 — 10 parts
- 1.154 — 20 parts
- 1.155 — 35 parts
- 1.156 — 59 parts
- 1.157 — 29 parts
- 1.158 — 40 parts
- 1.159 — 39 parts
- 1.160 — 61 parts
- 1.161 — 45 parts
- 1.162 — 40 parts
- 1.163 — 24 parts
- 1.164 — 41 parts
- 1.165 — 14 parts
- 1.166 — 53 parts
- 1.167 — 61 parts
- 1.168 — 54 parts
- 1.169 — 65 parts
- 1.170 — 78 parts
- 1.171 — 71 parts
- 1.172 — 43 parts
- 1.173 — 33 parts
- 1.174 — 24 parts
- 1.175 — 18 parts
- 1.176 — 18 parts
- 1.177 — 89 parts
- 1.178 — 28 parts
- 1.179 — 11 parts
- 1.180 — 12 parts
- 1.181 — 11 parts
- 1.182 — 28 parts
- 1.183 — 19 parts
- 1.184 — 37 parts
- 1.185 — 37 parts
- 1.186 — 15 parts
- 1.187 — 14 parts
- 1.188 — 12 parts
- 1.189 — 16 parts
- 1.190 — 32 parts
- 1.191 — 24 parts
- 1.192 — 48 parts
- 1.193 — 17 parts
- 1.194 — 29 parts
- 1.195 — 6 parts
- 1.196 — 16 parts
- 1.197 — 55 parts
- 1.198 — 10 parts
- 1.199 — 35 parts
- 1.200 — 9 parts
- 1.201 — 39 parts
- 1.202 — 28 parts
- 1.203 — 8 parts
- 1.204 — 86 parts
- 1.205 — 26 parts
- 1.206 — 27 parts
- 1.207 — 5 parts
- 1.208 — 18 parts
- 1.209 — 41 parts
- 1.210 — 7 parts
- 1.211 — 9 parts
- 1.212 — 5 parts
- 1.213 — 159 parts
- 1.214 — 41 parts
- 1.215 — 8 parts
- 1.216 — 2 parts
- 1.217 — 13 parts
- 1.218 — 34 parts
- 1.219 — 8 parts
- 1.220 — 10 parts
- 1.221 — 24 parts
- 1.222 — 66 parts
- 1.223 — 37 parts
- 1.224 — 12 parts
- 1.225 — 37 parts
- 1.226 — 40 parts
- 1.227 — 38 parts
- 1.228 — 20 parts
- 1.229 — 9 parts
- 1.230 — 54 parts
- 1.231 — 25 parts
- 1.232 — 24 parts
- 1.233 — 11 parts
- 1.234 — 66 parts
- 1.235 — 54 parts
- 1.236 — 41 parts
- 1.237 — 12 parts
- 1.238 — 12 parts
- 1.239 — 36 parts
- 1.240 — 43 parts
1.1.1
Om. Unborn, unaging, endless, whose nature is consciousness, great, benevolent, stainless, beginningless, devoid of material body and the like,
devoid of all sense organs, abiding in all beings—that one, stainless, illusion-free, omnipresent Hari, I praise.
1.1.2
I always bow to Hari, Rudra, Brahmā, and Gaṇādhipa,
and also to the goddess Sarasvatī, in mind, speech, and action.
1.1.3
To the Sūta, versed in the Purāṇas, calm, skilled in all scriptures,
a devotee of Viṣṇu, high-souled, who had arrived at the Naimiṣa Forest,
1.1.4
seated on an auspicious seat in the course of a pilgrimage,
meditating on sinless Viṣṇu—having worshipped him, the wise sage, they praised him:
1.1.5
Śaunaka and the other exalted [sages] of the Naimiṣa Forest, whose wealth was asceticism,
sages resplendent like the sun, tranquil, devoted to sacrifice.
1.1.6
The sages said:
O Sūta! You know everything; therefore we ask you:
who indeed is the God of gods, the Lord, and who alone is to be worshipped?
1.1.7
Who is to be meditated upon? Who created the universe? And who protects and destroys the universe?
From whom does dharma proceed, and who is known as the slayer of the wicked?
1.1.8
What is the form of that God? How is the creation of the universe conceived?
By which religious observances is he pleased, or by what yoga is he attained?
1.1.9
And what are his incarnations? How did lineages and the like originate?
Who is the protector and who is the proclaimer of the duties of castes and life-stages?
1.1.10
Tell us all this and other matters as well, O Sūta of great intellect!
Tell us all the supreme stories of Nārāyaṇa.
1.1.11
Sūta said:
I shall proclaim the Garuḍa Purāṇa, the essence centered on tales of Viṣṇu,
spoken by Garuḍa to Kaśyapa, which was heard by me formerly from Vyāsa.
1.1.12
One is the God Nārāyaṇa, the Lord of lords among the gods,
the Supreme Self, the supreme Brahman, from whom the origin and so forth of this [universe] proceed.
1.1.13
For the protection of the universe, Vāsudeva, unaging and immortal,
unborn, takes incarnations in the form of the Kumāras and others.
1.1.14
First, that divine Hari, adopting the creation of the Kumāras,
practised unbroken celibate studenthood, difficult to perform, O brāhmaṇa.
1.1.15
Second, for the welfare of this [world], desiring to raise up the earth
that had sunk into Rasātala, the Lord of sacrifice assumed the Boar incarnation.
1.1.16
Third, in the creation of sages, having attained the status of a divine sage,
he proclaimed the Sātvata scripture, whence arises actionlessness from actions.
1.1.17
In the fourth [incarnation], Hari, having become Nara-Nārāyaṇa, performed penance
for the protection of dharma, worshipped by gods and asuras.
1.1.18
The fifth, named Kapila, lord of the perfected ones, proclaimed to Āsuri the Sāṅkhya,
which had been lost over time, determining the aggregate of principles.
1.1.19
Sixth, having attained sonship to Atri through Anasūyā as Datta,
he taught rational inquiry to Alarka, Prahlāda, and others.
1.1.20
Then, seventh, Yajña was born to Ruci by Ākūti,
having sacrificed along with the host of gods headed by Sutrāman in the Svāyambhuva period.
1.1.21
In the eighth, Uruskrama was born to Nābhi by Merudevī,
showing the path honoured by all stages of life to men.
1.1.22
Entreated by the sages, he took his ninth, royal body;
by him the subjects were revived through potent medicinal herbs that were milked [from the earth], O brāhmaṇas.
1.1.23
He assumed the Fish incarnation at the inundation of the Cākṣuṣa period,
and having placed Vaivasvata Manu on a boat made of earth, he protected him.
1.1.24
As gods and asuras churned the ocean with Mount Mandara,
the omnipresent Lord bore it upon his back in the eleventh, the Tortoise incarnation.
1.1.25
The twelfth was the Dhanvantari incarnation, and the thirteenth likewise;
he nourished the gods while bewitching the others with Mohinī, a woman's form.
1.1.26
In the fourteenth, the Nārasiṃha [incarnation], he tore apart the powerful king of the Daityas
with his fierce claws, as a mat-weaver tears a reed.
1.1.27
In the fifteenth, having become a dwarf (Vāmana), he went to the sacrifice of Bali,
begging for three paces of land, wishing to recover heaven.
1.1.28
In the sixteenth incarnation, seeing kings who were enemies of brāhmaṇas,
enraged, he cleared the earth of kṣatriyas thrice seven times.
1.1.29
Then, in the seventeenth, born to Satyavatī from Parāśara,
he made branches of the tree of the Veda, seeing that men were of small intellect.
1.1.30
Having attained human kingship with the desire to accomplish the work of the gods,
he performed deeds such as subduing the ocean thereafter.
1.1.31
In the nineteenth and twentieth, having taken birth among the Vṛṣṇis
as Rāma and Kṛṣṇa, the Lord removed the burden of the earth.
1.1.32
Then, at the close of the twilight of the Kali age, to delude the enemies of the gods,
he will be born among the Kīkaṭas under the name of Buddha, son of Jina.
1.1.33
Thereafter, in the eighth twilight, when kings have practically perished,
the Lord of the universe will be born from Viṣṇuyaśas under the name of Kalkin.
1.1.34
Countless indeed are the incarnations of Hari, the storehouse of sattva, O twice-born ones;
the Manus, knowers of the Veda, and others are all considered portions of Viṣṇu.
1.1.35
From him the creation and other processes arose, and he is to be worshipped by religious observances and the like.
This Garuḍa Purāṇa Vyāsa told me formerly.
1.1.35.p1
Thus ends the first chapter, named 'The Exposition of the Reason for the Origin of this Purāṇa', in the ritual section called the first division of the first section in the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.
1.2.1
The glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa [Chapter] 2.
The sages said:
How was the Garuḍa Purāṇa spoken to you by Vyāsa?
Tell us all this, which is supremely centered on tales of Viṣṇu.
1.2.2
Sūta said:
I indeed went together with the sages to Badarikāśrama;
there Vyāsa was seen by me meditating upon the Supreme Lord.
1.2.3
Having bowed to him, I sat down and asked that lord of sages.
Sūta said:
O Vyāsa, speak of the form of Hari, and then of the creation of the universe and the like.
1.2.4
I think that since you meditate upon him, therefore you know that all-pervading Lord.
Being thus asked, as he spoke, so listen, O brāhmaṇas!
1.2.5
Vyāsa said:
Listen, O Sūta! I shall tell you the Garuḍa Purāṇa,
just as Brahmā, together with Nārada, Dakṣa, and others, told it to me.
1.2.6
Sūta said:
How did Brahmā speak to you, who were joined by Dakṣa, Nārada, and the foremost sages,
the auspicious Garuḍa Purāṇa, which conveys the essence?
1.2.7
Vyāsa said: / Indeed, I, Nārada, Dakṣa, Bhṛgu and the others, having bowed down to him, / asked Brahmā, who was in the world of Brahman: "Tell [us] the essence!"
1.2.8
Brahmā said: / Just as Viṣṇu told the essential Garuḍa Purāṇa to me and to Rudra, / together with the gods, so, Vyāsa, I will declare it to you.
1.2.9
Vyāsa said: / How did Hari formerly declare the essential Garuḍa Purāṇa / to Rudra along with the gods? Tell [it], O Brahman, [which is] of great significance!
1.2.10
Brahmā said: / I went to Mount Kailāsa together with the gods, Indra and others; / there Rudra was seen by me meditating upon the supreme state.
1.2.11
Having bowed to him, he was asked: "Upon which deity are you meditating, O Śaṅkara? / I know no other god higher than you; therefore, speak to me!
1.2.12
Together with the gods, I wish to hear the reality that is the utmost essence of essences." / Rudra said: / "I meditate upon that Viṣṇu, the supreme Self, the Lord,
1.2.13
the giver of all, all-pervading, the all, residing in the heart of all living beings. / My body is smeared with ashes, adorned with a mass of matted hair;
1.2.14
the observance of vows is mine for the worship of Viṣṇu, O Grandfather. / Let us go to him and ask for the essence, upon whom I reflect:
1.2.15
Viṣṇu, the victorious, the lotus-navelled, Hari, devoid of a physical body, / the pure, dwelling in purity, the swan, that supreme state, the supreme Lord.
1.2.16
Disciplined with my whole self, I meditate upon that divine Self / in whom all beings abide and enter,
1.2.17
resting as attributes in the Lord of beings like rows of jewels on a string; / thousand-eyed, thousand-footed, thousand-thighed, with an auspicious face,
1.2.18
subtler than the subtle and grosser than the gross, / weightier than the weightiest, and best among the best,
1.2.19
whom [the sages] praise in sayings, in supplementary sayings, in esoteric treatises and in the Upaniṣads, / him whose deeds are true, the true among the true Sāman chants,
1.2.20
who is declared as the ancient person, declared as Brahmā among the twice-born, / and declared as Saṅkarṣaṇa at the dissolution—we worship him, the worthy of worship,
1.2.21
in whom these worlds quiver like birds in the water; / who is the truth, the single syllable, Brahman, that which is beyond being and non-being,
1.2.22
and whom the gods, yakṣas, rākṣasas, and serpents worship; / whose mouth is fire, whose head is the sky, whose navel is space, whose feet are the earth,
1.2.23
and whose eyes are the moon and the sun—upon that deity I meditate; / within whose belly is the triple world, and whose arms are the cardinal points,
1.2.24
and whose breath is the wind—upon that deity I meditate; / in whose hair are the rainclouds, and the rivers are in all the joints of his limbs,
1.2.25
and in whose belly are the four oceans—upon that deity I meditate; / who is beyond time, beyond sacrifice, and beyond being and non-being,
1.2.26
beginningless, the origin of the universe—upon that deity I meditate; / from whose mind the moon was born, and from whose eyes the sun,
1.2.27
and from whose mouth fire arose—upon that deity I meditate; / from whose feet the earth was born, and likewise the quarters from his ears,
1.2.28
and from whose head the heavens [arose]—upon that deity I meditate; / from whom [proceed] creation and destruction, lineages, the cosmic eras,
1.2.29
and the history of dynasties—upon that deity I meditate. / Therefore, let us go to behold the essence [of him] upon whom I meditate."
1.2.30
Brahmā said: / Having spoken thus formerly, Rudra, wishing to hear, stood with the gods / after praising and bowing down to that Viṣṇu, dweller of Śvetadvīpa.
1.2.31
From our midst, Rudra spoke to the supreme Lord; / having bowed down, he questioned Viṣṇu on the utmost essence of essences.
1.2.32
Brahmā said: / Just as you asked me, O Vyāsa, so that Lord Bhava / questioned Viṣṇu, while the gods and others were listening.
1.2.33
Rudra said: / O Hari, Lord of gods, tell [me]: which Lord is the God of gods? / Who is to be meditated upon, who indeed is to be worshipped, and by what vows is the Supreme pleased?
1.2.34
By what duties, by what observances, or by what righteous worship, / [and] by what conduct would he be pleased, and what indeed is his form?
1.2.35
From which god was the universe born, and who protects the universe? / By what kind of incarnations [does he protect], and into whom does the universe dissolve?
1.2.36
Creation and destruction, lineages and the cosmic eras— / from which deity do they proceed, and in whom is this established?
1.2.37
Tell all this, O Hari, and whatever else there is: / the glory of the supreme Lord, as well as disciplined yoga and so forth,
1.2.38
and likewise the eighteen branches of knowledge." Then Hari said to Rudra: / Hari said: / "Listen, O Rudra, together with Brahmā and the gods, I shall tell [you]!
1.2.39
I indeed am the God of gods, the Lord of the lords of all worlds. / I am to be meditated upon, worshipped, and praised with hymns by the gods.
1.2.40
Worshipped indeed, O Rudra, I grant the supreme goal, / pleased by the observances, vows, and right conduct of human beings.
1.2.41
I am the seed of the cosmic maintenance, and I am the creator of the world, O Śiva! / Indeed, I am the chastiser of the wicked, and the protector of dharma, O Hara!
1.2.42
And through incarnations such as the Fish, I protect the entire world. / I am the mantras and the meaning of mantras, devoted to worship and meditation.
1.2.43
I am the creator of heaven and the like, and I myself am heaven and the rest. / I am the yogin, I am yoga itself, the primal one, and I myself am the Purāṇas.
1.2.44
The knower, the hearer, and the thinker, the speaker, and that which is to be spoken; / the all, the deity whose self is all, the supreme bestower of enjoyment and liberation.
1.2.45
I am meditation, worship, and offerings, and I myself am the mystic circles. / I am the historical epics, O Rudra; I am all the Vedas, O Śiva!
1.2.46
I am all knowledges, O Śambhu; I am the Self that is Brahman, I am Śiva; / I am Brahmā, all worlds, and the self of all deities.
1.2.47
I am virtuous conduct in person, I am dharma, I am Vaiṣṇava; / I am the castes and life-stages, and I am their ancient duties.
1.2.48
I am restraint, I am observance, O Rudra, and diverse religious vows; / I am the sun and the moon, and likewise Mars and the other planets.
1.2.49
Formerly Garuḍa the bird propitiated me with austerities on earth; / pleased, I said, 'Choose a boon,' and he chose a boon from me:"
1.2.50
Garuḍa said: / "O Hari, my mother Vinatā has been enslaved by the serpents; / [grant] that I, O Lord, having conquered them, may bring that nectar,
1.2.51
and release [her] from servitude; [and] that I may become your mount, / of great strength, great valour, all-knowing, and the destroyer of serpents."
1.2.52
Make it so that I may become the author of a Purāṇa compendium!"
Viṣṇu said:
"Everything will come to pass just as you have spoken, O Garuḍa.
1.2.53
You shall deliver your mother Vinatā from enslavement to the snakes;
and having conquered all the gods and others, you shall indeed bring back the nectar.
1.2.54
You shall become my vehicle, exceedingly mighty, a destroyer of poison;
and by my grace the Purāṇa that proclaims my majesty,
1.2.55
which declares my true nature, shall also be revealed to you.
Bearing your name, the Gāruḍa, it shall attain renown in the world.
1.2.56
Just as I, the fortune of the gods of gods, am renowned, O son of Vinatā,
so shall the Gāruḍa attain renown among the Purāṇas, O Garuḍa.
1.2.57
Just as I am to be praised, so are you in the person of Garuḍa.
Having meditated upon me, O chief of birds, recite this Gāruḍa Purāṇa."
1.2.58
Addressed thus, O Rudra, Garuḍa spoke to Kaśyapa when questioned.
Having heard the Gāruḍa, Kaśyapa revived a burnt tree.
1.2.59
Being focused [and] using the lore, he revived different [beings].
The lore 'yakṣi oṃ uṃ svāhā' is the supreme lore of Garuḍa.
Hear, O Rudra, the Gāruḍa spoken by Garuḍa, identical with myself.
1.2.59.p1
Thus ends the second chapter, entitled 'Ascertainment of the Origin of the Glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa', in the Ācārakāṇḍa of the first section, named the Pūrvakhaṇḍa, in the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.
1.3.1
The glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa — 3
Sūta said:
Thus the sage born from the lotus [seated upon] Rudra heard from Viṣṇu, [and] Vyāsa [heard] from Brahmā.
From Vyāsa, I shall speak to you, O Śaunaka, in the Naimiṣa [Forest].
1.3.2
While the sages listen, in their midst, creation and the rest, the worship of the gods,
the holy places, the cosmic geography, and the eras of Manus are declared here,
1.3.3
along with the duties of castes and life-stages, the duties concerning gifts, kings, and others,
legal procedure, religious observances, genealogies, and medicine with diagnostics,
1.3.4
the auxiliary sciences, dissolution, dharma, desire, wealth, and supreme knowledge.
The manifest and the unmanifest act of Viṣṇu is related.
1.3.5
In the Gāruḍa Purāṇa, everything [is contained]. Then the blessed Garuḍa,
endowed with pre-eminent power through the grace of Vāsudeva,
1.3.6
having become the vehicle of Hari and the cause of creation and the rest,
having conquered the gods, brought away the nectar, as well,
1.3.7
and performed [deeds, he] whose hunger removed [the distress of] the egg of the universe within the belly of Hari,
[and] at the mere sight and remembrance of whom the destruction of serpents and the rest [occurs].
1.3.8
Since Kaśyapa revived a burnt tree through the Gāruḍa [lore],
Garuḍa is that Hari; by him it was proclaimed to the illustrious Kaśyapa.
1.3.9
Having bowed to Vyāsa, I shall speak to you as you recite
that glorious Gāruḍa, holy and all-bestowing. Hear it, O Śaunaka, as follows:
1.3.9.p1
Thus ends the third chapter, entitled 'Determination of Topics', in the Ācārakāṇḍa of the first section, named the Pūrvakhaṇḍa, in the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.
1.4.1
The glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa — 4
Rudra said:
Creation, secondary creation, genealogy, the eras of Manus,
and the deeds of dynastic lines—declare this, O Janārdana.
1.4.2
Hari said:
Hear, O Rudra: I shall proclaim creation and the rest, which destroy sins—
that ancient sport of Viṣṇu, ending with creation, maintenance, and dissolution.
1.4.3
Nara-Nārāyaṇa is the god, Vāsudeva, taintless,
the Supreme Self, the supreme Brahman, who brings about the origin, dissolution, and maintenance of the universe.
1.4.4
All this indeed possesses the nature of the manifest and the unmanifest;
likewise, it abides in the form of the Puruṣa and in the form of Time.
1.4.5
Viṣṇu is the manifest, as well as the unmanifest, the Puruṣa, and Time itself.
Listen to his activities, like those of a playing child.
1.4.6
Beginningless and endless is the Creator, boundless, the Supreme Person.
From him comes the unmanifest, and from him also the self is born.
1.4.7
From him comes intellect, from him the mind; from that, space; from that, wind;
from that, fire; from that, water; and from that, the earth arose.
1.4.8
Within the golden egg, O Rudra, the Lord himself
first assumes a body for the sake of creation.
1.4.9
Having become four-faced Brahmā, always with an excess of the quality of rajas,
he assumed a body and created this world of moving and unmoving beings.
1.4.10
Within the egg is the entire world, along with gods, asuras, and humans.
Viṣṇu, the creator, creates himself and protects what is to be protected.
1.4.11
And at the end he is withdrawn, the destroyer himself, O Hara.
Having become Brahmā, Viṣṇu created; Hari himself protects the world.
1.4.12
And taking the form of Rudra, he dissolves the entire world at the end of the kalpa.
Brahmā, however, at this time of creation, knowing the earth was immersed in the waters,
1.4.13
having assumed the body of a boar, lifted it up with his tusk.
I shall speak of the creations of gods and the rest in brief; hear, O Śaṅkara!
1.4.14
The first creation of Brahmā is that of the Mahat, which is formless;
the second is that of the subtle elements, which is known as the elemental creation.
1.4.15
The third is the transformational creation, known as the sensory creation.
Such is the primary creation, produced preceded by intellect.
1.4.16
The fourth is the primary creation, and the primary are known to be immovable beings.
That which is called the horizontal current is declared to be that of animals.
1.4.17
The sixth is that of the upward currents, which is known as the divine creation.
Then the creation of the downward currents, the seventh, is the human creation.
1.4.18
The eighth creation is the graceful creation, which is endowed with sattva and tamas.
These five are secondary creations, whereas three are known as primary creations.
1.4.19
The ninth is known as the Kaumāra creation, which is both primary and secondary.
Creatures, ending with the immovable and beginning with the gods, are of four kinds, O Rudra.
1.4.20
As Brahmā was performing creation, mind-born sons were born.
Then, desiring to create the fourfold [classes of beings]—gods, asuras, ancestors, and humans—
1.4.21
in these waters, he applied his own self.
From that Prajāpati of manifest nature, when the measure of tamas became excessive,
1.4.22
as he desired to create, the asuras were born first from his loins.
Then he cast off that body consisting of the measure of tamas.
1.4.23
That discarded body consisting of tamas became the night, O Śaṅkara.
Then the yakṣas and rākṣasas took delight in that body, and after that the gods.
1.4.24
Abounding in sattva, they were born from the mouth of Brahmā, O Hara!
That body consisting mostly of sattva, when cast off by him, became the day.
1.4.25
Therefore, indeed, the asuras are strong by night and the gods by day.
Then, taking a body consisting of sattva alone, the ancestors came to be.
1.4.26
And when cast off, it became twilight, standing between day and night.
Then, taking a body consisting of rajas alone, humans came to be.
1.4.27
And when that [body] was cast off, it became moonlight, which is called dawn twilight. / Moonlight, night, day, and twilight are indeed his bodies.
1.4.28
Assuming a body consisting solely of passion, hunger and anger arose. / Emaciated by hunger and thirst, feeding on blood, the rākṣasas [arose] because of protecting (rakṣaṇa);
1.4.29
those named yakṣas are to be known from eating (jakṣaṇa), and snakes indeed from creeping (sarpaṇa) of the hair. / The bhūtas were born from anger; then the gandharvas were born.
1.4.30
Singing speech, the gandharvas and the apsarases were born. / From his chest he made heaven, the sky; from his mouth he created goats.
1.4.31
The Lord of Creatures created sheep from his belly and flanks, / and from his feet outcastes, elephants, buffaloes, camels, and ewes.
1.4.32
Herbs bearing fruit and roots were born from his hair. / The cow, goat, man, sheep, horses, mules, and donkeys—
1.4.33
these they call the domestic animals; and learn from me the wild ones: / beasts of prey, two-hoofed animals, elephants, monkeys, with birds as the fifth,
1.4.34
aquatic animals as the sixth, and reptiles as the seventh. / From his eastern and other mouths, the Ṛgveda and the other [Vedas] were born.
1.4.35
From his mouth the brāhmaṇas were born, from his arms the kṣatriyas are recorded, / from his thighs the vaiśyas were created, and the śūdra was born from his feet.
1.4.36
The world of Brahmā is for brāhmaṇas, Indra's realm for those born as kṣatriyas, / the abode of the Maruts is for vaiśyas, and that of the gandharvas for those born as śūdras.
1.4.37
The world of Brahmā arises for those who abide by the vow of celibate students; / that of the Lord of Creatures is for householders who act according to what is prescribed;
1.4.38
and the abode of the Seven Sages is likewise for forest-dwellers; / an imperishable abode belongs to ascetics who always wander at will.
1.4.38.p1
Thus ends the fourth chapter, named "Description of Creation," in the Ācārakāṇḍa of the first section of the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.
1.5.1
Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa — 5
Hari said:
Having created the order of this world and the next, and the mind-born creation of offspring, / the Lord then created the mind-born sons, the authors of offspring:
1.5.2
Dharma, Rudra, Manu, and Sanaka, Sanātana, / Bhṛgu, Sanatkumāra, Ruci, and likewise Śraddhā,
1.5.3
Marīci, Atri and Aṅgiras, Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu, / Vasiṣṭha, Nārada, and likewise the Barhiṣad ancestors,
1.5.4
the Agniṣvāttas, the Kavyādas, the Ājyapas, the Sukālins, / the Upahūtas, and the Dīpyas—three bodiless [classes of ancestors],
1.5.5
and four embodied ones. From his right thumb the lotus-born [Brahmā] created the lord Dakṣa, / and from his left thumb his wife.
1.5.6
Upon her Dakṣa begat auspicious daughters. / He gave them to the sons of Brahmā, and Satī he gave to Rudra.
1.5.7
Rudra's sons were indeed innumerable and of great strength. / And to Bhṛgu he gave Khyāti, auspicious and peerless in beauty.
1.5.8
That auspicious woman bore to Bhṛgu Dhātṛ and Vidhātṛ, / and she bore Śrī, who is the consort of Nārāyaṇa.
1.5.9
Upon her Hari himself begat Bala and Unmāda. / Āyati and Niyati were the two daughters of the great-souled Manu;
1.5.10
they were the wives of Dhātṛ and Vidhātṛ. To those two were born two sons: / Prāṇa and Mṛkaṇḍu; from Mṛkaṇḍu came Mārkaṇḍeya.
1.5.11
Sambhūti, the wife of Marīci, gave birth to Paurṇamāsa; / Virajas and Sarvaga were the two sons of that great-souled one.
1.5.12
And to Smṛti, from Aṅgiras, sons were born and daughters: / Sinīvālī, Kuhū, Rākā, and Anumati.
1.5.13
Likewise Anasūyā bore to Atri faultless sons: / Soma, Durvāsas, and the yogin Datta.
1.5.14
In Prīti, wife of Pulastya, Dattoli was his son. / Karmaśa, Arthavīra, and Sahiṣṇu were the three sons
1.5.15
whom Kṣamā, the wife of the Prajāpati Pulaha, bore; / and Kratu's wife Sumati gave birth to the Bālakhilyas,
1.5.16
who were sixty thousand celibate sages, / the size of a thumb-joint, radiant with the splendour of the blazing sun.
1.5.17
In Ūrjā, seven sons were born to Vasiṣṭha: / Rajas, Gātra, Ūrdhvabāhu, Śaraṇa, Anagha,
1.5.18
Sutapas, and Śukra—all these were the spotless Seven Sages. / That Dakṣa also gave Svāhā to Fire who possessed a body.
1.5.19
From him Svāhā received three sons of noble vigor, O Hara: / Pāvaka, Pavamāna, and Śuci, who feed on water.
1.5.20
And to the ancestors Svadhā bore Menā and Vaitaraṇī; / those two were proclaimers of Brahman. On Menā, the Himālaya
1.5.21
begat Maināka, and Gaurī, who was previously Satī. / Then the Lord Brahmā, self-born in ancient times,
1.5.22
made himself Manu Svāyambhuva, the protector of offspring, O Hara; / and that woman Śatarūpā, whose sins were destroyed by austerities,
1.5.23
the divine and pervasive Manu Svāyambhuva took as his wife. / And from that man the goddess Śatarūpā gave birth to
1.5.24
Priyavrata and Uttānapāda, and two named Prasūti and Ākūti, / and Devahūti. Among these, Manu gave Ākūti to Ruci,
1.5.25
Prasūti to Dakṣa, and Devahūti to Kardama. / From Ruci came Yajña and Dakṣiṇā; and in Dakṣiṇā, from Yajña,
1.5.26
twelve sons of great power were born, named the Yāmas. / And Dakṣa created twenty-four excellent daughters:
1.5.27
Śraddhā, Calā, Dhṛti, Tuṣṭi, Puṣṭi, Medhā, Kriyā, / Buddhi, Lajjā, Vapus, Śānti, Ṛddhi, and Kīrti as the thirteenth.
1.5.28
The lord Dharma took these daughters of Dakṣa for wives. / Khyāti, Satī, Sambhūti, Smṛti, Prīti, Kṣamā,
1.5.29
Sannati, Anasūyā, Ūrjā, Svāhā, and Svadhā— / Bhṛgu, Bhava, Marīci, and the sage Aṅgiras,
1.5.30
Pulastya, Pulaha, Kratu the best of sages, / Atri, Vasiṣṭha, Agni, and the ancestors, in regular order,
1.5.31
the sages, the best of sages, took these daughters beginning with Khyāti. / Śraddhā bore Kāma, Calā [bore] Darpa, Dhṛti bore her son Niyama,
1.5.32
Tuṣṭi bore Santoṣa, Puṣṭi bore Lobha, / Medhā bore Śruta, Kriyā bore Daṇḍa, Laya, and Vinaya,
1.5.33
Buddhi bore Bodha, Lajjā bore Vinaya, Vapus bore her son / Vyavasāya, and Śānti gave birth to Kṣema.
1.5.34
Happiness, Prosperity, Fame, and Renown—these are the sons of Dharma. / And Rati is the wife of Kāma; Harṣa is said to be their son.
1.5.35
Once, Dakṣa performed a sacrifice with a horse sacrifice. / All his sons-in-law, being invited, went to the sacrifice,
1.5.36
accompanied by their wives, all except Rudra and goddess Satī. / Satī arrived uninvited and was insulted by Dakṣa himself.
1.5.37
Giving up her body, she was reborn from Himālaya in Menā. / As Gaurī, she became the wife of Śambhu; upon her, Vināyaka was born,
1.5.38
as well as Kumāra and Bhṛṅgīśa. Rudra, powerful and enraged, / having destroyed the sacrifice, the wielder of the Pināka cursed Dakṣa: / 'Born in the lineage of Dhruva, you shall become a mortal man!'
1.5.38.p1
Thus ends the fifth chapter, titled 'Creation by the Progenitor and Others', in the Ācārakāṇḍa, belonging to the first part in the first section of the glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa.
1.6.1
The glorious Garuḍa Mahāpurāṇa — [Chapter] 6 / Hari said: / From Uttānapāda, a son, Uttama, was born of Suruci, / and of Sunīti, a son, Dhruva; he attained an exalted place.
1.6.2
Through the sage's grace, by worshipping the god of gods, Janārdana. / Dhruva's son was Śliṣṭi, of great strength and valour.
1.6.3
His son was Prācīnabarhis, noble-minded; / his son was Divañjaya; his son was known as Ripu.
1.6.4
The son of Ripu was the illustrious Manu Cākṣuṣa; / his son was the illustrious Ruru, and Aṅga was his son.
1.6.5
Aṅga's son was Veṇa, an atheist devoid of dharma; / Veṇa, doing what was unrighteous, was struck down by the sages with kuśa grass.
1.6.6
They churned his thigh for the sake of a son; then a son was born to him: / very short, with black limbs. Thereupon they said, 'Sit down (niṣīda)!'
1.6.7
Hence was born the Niṣāda, who dwells on the Vindhya mountain. / Then the twice-born swiftly churned his right arm;
1.6.8
from it was born his son, bearing the mental form of Viṣṇu, / named Pṛthu; the son of Veṇa went to heaven.
1.6.9
The king milked the earth for the sustenance of his subjects. / Antardhāna was the son of Pṛthu, and Havirdhāna was his son.
1.6.10
Prācīnabarhis was his son, who shone as sole king over the earth; / he indeed married the daughter of the Salt Ocean.
1.6.11
From him, the daughter of the ocean bore ten Prācīnabarhises, / all known as the Pracetases, masters of the science of archery.
1.6.12
Practising common virtues, they performed severe austerities, / lying in the waters of the ocean for ten thousand years.
1.6.13
Having attained the status of Prajāpatis, Māriṣā became their wife / because of the curse of Bhavānī; from her, Dakṣa was born then.
1.6.14
Dakṣa previously created the fourfold progeny by his mind, / but they did not multiply, being frowned upon by Hara.
1.6.15
Then the Prajāpati desired to perform creation through sexual union. / He married Asiknī, the daughter of the Prajāpati Vīraṇa.
1.6.16
A thousand sons were born to him upon the daughter of Vīraṇa; / instructed by Nārada, they went to find the end of the earth and never returned.
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Linked texts (1)
- Garuḍapurāṇa — Vyāsa, Sanskrit